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Diet supplementation with an organic acids-based formulation affects gut microbiota and expression of gut barrier genes in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 367-377页

作者： Irida Palamidi Konstantinos c.Mountzouris Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding Agricultural University of Athens

This study was designed to study the effect of diet supplementation with an organic acids-based formulation(oaBF) on luminal-and mucosa-associated bacteria, concentration of volatile fatty acids(VFA), microbial glycolytic enzyme activity and expression of mucin 2(MUc2), immunoglobulin A(IgA)and tight junction protein, i.e., zonula occludens-1(ZO1), zonula occludens-2(ZO2), claudin-1(cLDN1),claudin-5(cLDN5) and occludin(OcLN), genes at the ileal and c.c.l level. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used having oaBF inclusion and avilamycin as main factors. Subsequently, 544 day-old male cobb broilers were allocated in the following 4 treatments, each with 8 replicates: no additions(cON), 1 g oaBF/kg diet(oa),2.5 mg avilamycin/kg diet(AV) and combination of oa and AV(oaAV). The trial lasted for 42 days. In the ileum, oaAV resulted in lower mucosa-associated total bacteria levels(PO × A= 0.028) compared with *** addition, ileal digesta levels of clostridium perfringens subgroup were decreased by avilamycin(PA= 0.045). Inclusion of oaBF stimulated the activity of microbial glycolytic enzymes, whereas avilamycin resulted in lower acetate(PA= 0.021) and higher butyrate(PA= 0.010) molar ratios. Expression of ZO1 and cLDN5 was down-regulated by both oaBF(PO= 0.016 and PO= 0.003, respectively) and avilamycin(PA= 0.016 and PA= 0.001, respectively). In addition, cLDN1 was down-regulated in AV compared with cON(PO × A= 0.012). Furthermore, oaBF down-regulated MUc2(PO= 0.027), whereas avilamycin down-regulated nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1(NFKB1)(PA= 0.024), toll-like receptor 2 family member B(TLR2B)(PA= 0.011) and toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)(PA= 0.014) expression. In the c.c., oaBF inclusion increased digesta levels of clostridium c.c.oides(PO= 0.018) and clostridium leptum(PO= 0.040) subgroups, while it up-regulated MUc2 expression(PO= 0.014). Avilamycin(PA= 0.044) and interaction(PO × Acts for IgA expression were noted, with cON having higher IgA expression compared

关键词： Organic acids Broiler chicken Microflora Tight junction Microbial enzymes Volatile fatty acids

A Mesh Size Scaling Law with Reynolds Number for Large Eddy Simulation in channel Flow

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2022年第6期14卷 1535-1566页

作者： Jie Yao c.J.Teo Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117575

In this paper,a scaling law relating the mesh size to the Reynolds number was proposed to ensure consistent results for large eddy simulation(LES)as the Reynolds number was *** grid size scaling law was developed by analyzing the lengthscale of the turbulent motion by using DNS data from the *** wall-resolving LES was then applied to a plane channel flow to validate the scaling *** scaling law was tested at different Reynolds numbers(Ret=395,590 and 1000),and showed good results compared to direct numerical simulation(DNS)in terms of mean flow and various turbulent *** velocity spectra analysis shows the evidence of the Kolmogorov–5/3 inertial subrange and verifies that the current LES can resolve the bulk of the turbulent kinetic energy by satisfying the grid scaling ***,the near-wall turbulent flow structures can also be well *** accurate predictions can thus be obtained for flows at even higher Reynolds numbers with significantly lower computational costs compared to DNS by applying the mesh scaling law.

关键词： Large eddy simulation(LES) channel flow turbulent flow mesh size scaling law.

Local MFS Matrix Decomposition Algorithms for Elliptic BVPs in Annuli

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2024年第1期17卷 93-120页

作者： c.S.chen Andreas Karageorghis Min Lei School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Southern MississippiHattiesburgMS 39406USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of CyprusP.O.Box 20537Nicosia 1678Cyprus college of Mathematics Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024P.R.China

We apply the local method of fundamental solutions(LMFS)to boundary value problems(BVPs)for the Laplace and homogeneous biharmonic equations in *** appropriately choosing the collocation points,the LMFS discretization yields sparse block circulant system *** a result,matrix decomposition algorithms(MDAs)and fast Fourier transforms(FFTs)can be used for the solution of the systems resulting in considerable savings in both computational time and storage *** accuracy of the method and its ability to solve large scale problems are demonstrated by applying it to several numerical experiments.

关键词： Local method of fundamental solutions Poisson equation biharmonic equation matrix decomposition algorithms fast Fourier transforms

Geometric Design of Letters in Times Roman Font via RBF Meshless collocation Method

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2023年第3期16卷 752-768页

作者： Lionel Amuzu c.S.chen Kwesi Acheampong Huiqing Zhu School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Southern MississippiHattiesburgMSUSA

Two mathematical models in the context of boundary value problems are proposed for the geometric design of letters in Times Roman *** adopt radial basis function meshless collocation method for numerically solving the two proposed mathematical models in 2D and *** this paper,B´ezier curves play an important role in the design of the *** examples with simply and multiply-connected domains in 2D and 3D are presented to demonstrate the visual effect of the letters in Times Roman font.

关键词： Kansa method Bezier curve implicit surface computer graphics image reconstruction meshless method radial basis functions

Genetic variability of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and its resistance to fungicides

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Studies in Fungi 2020年第1期5卷 381-391页

作者： castillo RF Gallegos G Flores oa Aguilar Gc Rodriguez HR Hernandez cFD Saltillo Experimental Station Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias.Carr.Saltillo-Zacatecas km 342+119No.9515Col.ExHacienda de BuenavistaSaltilloCoah.C.P.25315 Department of Agricultural Parasitology Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio NarroBuenavista25315SaltilloCoahuilaMéxico Food Research Department School of Chemical SciencesUniversidad Autónoma de Coahuila25000SaltilloCoahuilaMexico

The aims of this study are to determine the population genetic structure of Rhizoctonia solani,associated with potato,and to assess its resistance degree to penc.c.ron and thiabendazole fungicides.A total of 57 strains of *** were isolated from different potato crop fields in Mexico,and were classified according to their anastomosis group(AG)using the polymerase chain reaction(PcR)and restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)-based ***,the amplified fragments were digested with four different endonucleases(Mse I,Ava II,Mun I and Hinc II).The Repetitive Element Sequence-Based PcR(rep-PcR)technique was used to determine the genetic diversity in *** *** obtained by PcR-RFLP showed that 81%of the isolates were identified as belonging to AG-3 group,14%to AG1-1B and 5%to AG-11 *** response to fungicides inhibition,Ic_(50)between 0.014-0.039 mg a.i./L for penc.c.ron,and 0.82 to 2.91 for thiabendazole were determined,This Ic_(50)value showed that the resistance factor(RF)values ranged from 1.4 to 3.945 and 0.27 to 0.97,respectively;this tendency suggests that isolates are susceptible to *** AG groups showed a heterogeneous resistance to penc.c.ron and thiabendazole,being more tolerant to these fungicides AG1-1B and AG-11 *** genetic analysis shows a low genetic diversity among(P-value 0.3225)and within(P-value 0.3275)populations;this can indicate a clonal reproduction and little parasexual c.c.e among the analyzed isolations.

关键词： Anastomosis group genetic diversity genetic resistance Mexico PcR RFLP parasexual c.c.e REP PcR Wright’s statistics

EFFEcT OF POLYMER/cEMENT RATIO AND cURING REGIME ON POLYMER MODIFIED MORTAR PROPERTIES

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Journal of Green Building 2020年第3期15卷 177-193页

作者： Daniel Hatungimana Şemsi Yazıcı Ali Mardani-Aghabaglou Department of civil Engineering Eng.FacultyEge UniversityBornova-IzmirTurkey Department of civil Engineering University of Burundi2700 BujumburaBurundi civil Engineering Department Eng.FacultyBursa UludağUniversityNilüfer-BursaTurkey

cement is the most consumed building material in the ***,cement manufacture is responsible for 5-7%of the world cO_(2)*** this paper,cement was partially replaced by styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR)polymeric latex in order to reduce cement ***,effects of SBR addition on the strength and physical properties of plain mortar exposed to three different curing regimes are *** different curing regimes were applied to the 40×40×160 mm prismatic mortar specimens:(Ⅰ):Specimens were cured in water until the test age(cW),(Ⅱ):after demoulding,specimens were immersed in water for 2 days and kept in ambient temperature until the time of the test(2DWA)and(Ⅲ)involved 2 days of water curing followed by 1 day in an oven at 50℃and subsequentely placing in ambient temperature until the test time(2W1oa).Results showed that combin-ing 2 days of water curing followed by ambient temperature curing(2DWA)along with 3%SBR polymer content showed good performance in terms of compressive strength,water absorption and void ***,a good performance in terms of flexural strength was observed by combining 2W1oa curing regime with 2%SBR ***,the detrimental effect of water curing regime(cW)in terms of compressive and flexural strength was also observed with the increase of SBR ratio.

关键词： SBR cO_(2)emissions curing regime strength

Bone marrow mononuclear cells for joint therapy: The role of macrophages in inflammation resolution and tissue repair

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World Journal of Stem cells 2021年第7期13卷 825-840页

作者： Bruno c Menarim James N MacLeod Linda A Dahlgren Gluck Equine Research center Department of Veterinary ScienceCollege of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40546United States Department of Large Animal clinical Sciences Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary MedicineVirginia TechBlacksburgVA 24060United States

Osteoarthritis(oa)is the most prevalent joint disease causing major disability and medical *** is a central feature of oa and is primarily driven by *** macrophages not only drive inflammation but also its resolution,through a coordinated,simultaneous expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory mechanisms that are essential to counteract damage and recover *** oa therapies are largely based on anti-inflammatory principles and therefore block pro-inflammatory mechanisms such as prostaglandin E2 and Nuclear factor-kappa B signaling ***,such mechanisms are also innately required for mounting a pro-resolving response,and their blockage often results in chronic low-grade *** minor injury,macrophages shield the damaged area and drive tissue *** the damage is more extensive,macrophages incite inflammation recruiting more macrophages from the bone marrow to maximize tissue repair and ultimately resolve ***,sustained damage and inflammation often overwhelms pro-resolving mechanisms of synovial macrophages leading to the chronic inflammation and related tissue degeneration observed in ***,experimental and clinical studies have shown that joint injection with autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells replenishes inflamed joints with macrophage and hematopoietic progenitors,enhancing mechanisms of inflammation resolution,providing remarkable and long-lasting *** creating an ideal environment for resolution with high concentrations of interleukin-10 and anabolic growth factors,macrophage progenitors also have a direct role in tissue *** constitute a large part of the early granulation tissue,and further transdifferentiate from myeloid into a mesenchymal *** cells,characterized as fibrocytes,are essential for repairing osteochondral ***“omics”studies focused on identifying key drivers of macrophagemediated resolution of j

关键词： Osteoarthritis Arthropathy Synovitis Hematopoietic progenitor Homeostasis cell therapy

Estimation of premature forests in Georgia (USA) using *** Service FIA data and Landsat imagery

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第6期28卷 1241-1252页

作者： Hojung Kim chris J. cieszewski Roger c. Lowe Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia 180 E. Green Street AthensGA 30602 USA

We used geographic information system applications and statistical analyses to classify young, premature forest areas in southeastern Georgia using combined data from Landsat TM 5 satellite imagery and ground inventory data. We defined premature stands as forests with trees up to 15 years old. We estimated the premature forest areas using three methods: maximum likelihood classification(MLc), regression analysis, and k-nearest neighbor(k NN)modeling. Overall accuracy(oa) of classifying the premature forest using MLc was 82% and the Kappa coefficient of agreement was 0.63, which was the highest among the methods that we have tested. The k NN approach ranked second in accuracy with oa of 61% and a Kappa coefficient of agreement of 0.22. Regression analysis yielded an oa of 57% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.14. We conclude that Landsat imagery can be effectively used for estimating premature forest areas in combination with image processing classifiers such as MLc.

关键词： Landsat Maximum likelihood classification Regression analysis k-nearest neighbor

Muscle force and movement variability before and after total knee arthroplasty: A review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第2期5卷 69-79页

作者： Jessica W Smith Jesse c.c.ristensen Robin L Marcus Paul c LaStayo Department of Bioengineering University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84108-1290 United States Department of Physical Therapy University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84108-1290 United States Department of Orthopedics University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84108-1290 United States Department of Exercise and Sport Science University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84108-1290 United States

Variability in muscle force output and movement variability are important aspects of identifying individuals with mobility deficits, central nervous system impairments, and future risk of falling. This has been investigated in elderly healthy and impaired adults, as well as in adults with osteoarthritis(oa), but the question of whether the same correlations also apply to those who have undergone a surgical intervention such as total knee arthroplasty(TKA) is still being investigated. While there is a growing body of literature identifying potential rehabilitation targets for individuals who have undergone TKA, it is important to first understand the underlying post-operative impairments to more efficiently target functional deficits that may lead to improvedlong-term outcomes. The purpose of this article is to review the potential role of muscle force output and movement variability in TKA recipients. The narrative review relies on existing literature in elderly healthy and impaired individuals, as well as in those with oa before and following TKA. The variables that may predict longterm functional abilities and deficits are discussed in the context of existing literature in healthy older adults and older adults with oa and following TKA, as well as the role future research in this field may play in providing evidence-based data for improved rehabilitation targets.

关键词： Osteoarthritis Elderly Total knee arthroplasty Movement variability