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Evidence-based guidelines for greener,healthier,more resilient neighbourhoods:Introducing the 3–30–300 rule

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第3期34卷 821-830页

作者： cecil c.Konijnendijk Nature Based Solutions Institute BarcelonaSpain

The important contributions of urban trees and green spaces to for example,climate moderation and public health have been recognized.This paper discusses guidelines and norms that promote the benefi ts of viewing green,living amongst green,and having easy access to green spaces for recreational use.Having trees and other vegetation in sight from one’s home,place of work,or school has important mental health and performance benefi ts.Local tree canopy cover is positively associated with cooling and other aspects of climate moderation.With public green spaces in proximity to one’s home stimulates regular use of these areas and results in positive impacts on mental,physical,and social health.After analyzing existing guidelines and rules for urban green space planning and provision,a new,comprehensive guideline is presented,known as the‘3–30–300 rule’for urban forestry.This guideline aims to provide equitable access to trees and green spaces and their benefi ts by setting the thresholds of having at least 3 well-established trees in view from every home,school,and place of work,no less than a 30%tree canopy in every neighbourhood;and no more than 300 m to the nearest public green space from every residence.current implementation of this new guideline is discussed,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of using this evidence-based but also clear and simple rules.

关键词： climate adaptation Guidelines Public health Trees Urban forestry

The value of the INFEcTIONS scoring system in identifying bacterial infections among patients presenting at the emergency department of a middle-income country:A pilot study

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chinese Journal of Traumatology 2024年第2期27卷 77-82页

作者： Dooshanveer c.Nuckchady Department of Internal Medicine Victoria HospitalCandosMauritius

Purpose:To investigate which scoring system is the most accurate tool in predicting mortality among the infected patients who present to the emergency department in a middle-income country,and to validate a new scoring system to predict bacterial infections.Methods:This was a retrospective,single-center study among patients who were admitted via the emergency department of a public hospital.All patients who were started on antibiotics were included in the study,while patients agedcluded.Data collected includeding patients'demographics,vital signs and basic laboratory parameters like white blood cell count and creatinine.The sensitivity and specificity of different scoring systems were calculated as well as their negative and positive predictive values.Logistic regression was used to derive a novel early warning system for bacterial infections.The area under the receiver operating characteristic(AUROc)was computed for each scoring model.Results:In total,109 patients were included in this study.The quick sequential organ failure assessment(qSOFA),search out severity and rapid acute physiology score had the highest AUROc(≥0.89)for predicting mortality,while qSOFA and universal vital assessment were the simplest scoring systems with an AUROc>0.85;however,these scoring systems failed to predict whether patients were truly infected.The INFEcTIONS(short for impaired mental status,not conscious,fast heart rate,elevated creatinine,high temperature,on inotrope,low oxygen,high neutrophils and high sugar)model reached an AUROc of 0.88 to more accurately predict the infectious state of a patient.conclusions:Middle-income countries should use the qSOFA or universal vital assessment score to identify the sickest patients in emergency department.The INFEcTIONS score may help recognize patients with bacterial infections,but it should be further validated in multiple countries prior to widely use.

关键词： Prognosis Mortality Bacterial infection INFEcTIONS scoring system Sequential organ failure assessment Prediction

Exercise immunology:Novel insights

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 277-279,I0001页

作者： David c.Nieman Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA

The coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19)pandemic heightened worldwide attention on the influence of exercise on the immune system.Questions were raised about whether regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)could help prevent cOVID-19 or mitigate symptoms when ill.could MVPA bolster immunity among those most prone to cOVID-19 including the elderly,obese,and immunocompromised patients?Does regular MVPA dampen systemic inflammation,thereby lessening the cOVID-19 cytokine storm?

关键词： immunity inflammation thereby

Axisymmetric wetting of a liquid droplet on a stretched elastic membrane

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第6期44卷 997-1006页

作者： c.Q.RU Department of Mechanical Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2G8Canada

Wetting of a liquid droplet on another liquid substrate is governed by the well-known Neumann equations.The present work aims to develop an explicit modified version of the Neumann equations for axisymmetric wetting of a liquid droplet on a highly stretched elastic membrane of non-zero bending rigidity.An explicit modified form of the Neumann equations is derived to determine the two contact angles,which is reduced to Young's equation for a liquid droplet on a rigid membrane or to the Neumann equations for a liquid droplet on another liquid substrate.Further implications of the modified Neumann equations are examined by comparison with some previous results reported in the recent literature,particularly considering the ranges of material and geometrical parameters of the liquid droplet-membrane system which have not been recently addressed in the literature.

关键词： Neumann equation Young's equation liquid droplet membrane pretension

Optimized ANFIS Model for Stable clustering in cognitive Radio Network

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Intelligent Automation & Soft computing 2023年第1期35卷 827-838页

作者： c.Ambhika c.Murukesh Department of Information Technology Velammal Institutute of TechnologyChennai600066TamilnaduIndia Department of Electronics and communication Engineering Velammal Engineering CollegeChennai600040TamilnaduIndia

With the demand for wireless technology,cognitive Radio(cR)technology is identified as a promising solution for effective spectrum utilization.connectivity and robustness are the two main difficulties in cognitive radio networks due to their dynamic nature.These problems are solved by using clustering techniques which group the cognitive users into logical groups.The performance of clustering in cognitive network purely depends on cluster head selection and parameters considered for clustering.In this work,an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS)based clustering is proposed for the cognitive network.The performance of ANFIS improved using hybrid particle swarm and whale optimization algorithms for parameter tuning called PSWO.The consequent and antecedent parameters of ANFIS model are tuned by PSWO.The proper cluster heads from the network are identified using optimized ANFIS.The proposed optimized ANFIS based clustering model is analyzed in terms of number of clusters,number of common channels,reclustering rate and stability period.Simulation results indicate that proposed clustering effectively increase the stability of cluster with reduced communication overhead compared to other conventional clustering algorithms.

关键词： ANFIS cluster cognitive hybrid optimization PSWO

Florivory by the occupants of phytotelmata in flower parts can decrease host plant fecundity

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current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 69-79页

作者： caio c.c.MISSAGIA Maria Alice S.ALVES Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroPavilhao Haroldo Lisboa da CunhaSala 224Rua Sao Francisco Xavier524MaracanaRio de Janeiro 20550-013Brazil Department of Ecology Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroPavilhao Haroldo Lisboa da CunhaSala 220Rua Sao Francisco Xavier524MaracanaRio de Janeiro 20550-013Brazil

Some types of plant accumulate liquid in their inflorescences creating phytotelmata.These environments protect the flowers against florivory,although they may be colonized by aquatic or semiaquatic florivorous insect larvae,whose effects on the fitness of the plants remain unclear.We tested the hypothesis of floral antagonism by the occupants of phytotelmata,which predicts that florivory by the occupants of the phytotelmata represents a cost to the female fitness of the plant,reducing its fecundity.We manipulated experimentally the infestation by 3 florivores larvae species occupants of phytotelmata in inflorescences of Heliconia spathocircinata(Heliconiaceae)to test for negative direct trophic effects on the fecundity of the flowering and fruiting bracts.We found that the foraging of the hoverfly(Syrphidae)and moth(Lepidoptera)larvae in the inflorescences contributed to a decline in the fecundity of the plant.While the lepidopteran impacted fecundity when foraging in both flowering and fruiting bracts,the syrphid only affected the fruiting bracts,which indicates that the nectar and floral tissue are the principal resource exploited by the hoverfly.By contrast,soldier fly(Stratiomyidae)had a neutral effect on fecundity,while foraging in flowering or fruiting bracts.These findings corroborate our hypothesis,that herbivory by the larval occupants represents cost to the host plant having phytotelmata.The negative influence of this foraging on plant fecundity will nevertheless depend on the consequences of the exploitation of resources,which vary considerably in ephemeral habitats such as the phytotalmanta of flower parts.

关键词： Atlantic forest Brazil florivory frugivory Heliconia water-held plants

Automotive revolution and carbon neutrality

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Frontiers in Energy 2023年第6期17卷 693-703页

作者： c.c.cHAN Wei HAN Hanlei TIAN Yanbing LIU Tianlu MA c.Q.JIANG Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 511453China Department of Electronic and computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong collaborative Innovation Research Institute Shenzhen 518048China

The automotive industry is in the midst of a groundbreaking revolution,driven by the imperative to achieve intelligent driving and carbon neutrality.A crucial aspect of this transformation is the transition to electric vehicles(EVs),which necessitates widespread changes throughout the entire automotive ecosystem.This paper examines the challenges and opportunities of this transition,including automotive electrification,intelligence-connected transportation system,and the potential for new technologies such as hydrogen fuel cells.Meanwhile,it discusses the key technologies and progress of the hydrogen energy industry chain in the upstream hydrogen production,midstream hydrogen storage and transportation,downstream hydrogen station construction and hydrogen fuel cells in turn.Finally,it proposes the directions for future layout,providing guidance for future development.

关键词： automotive revolution electric vehicles(EVs) hydrogen energy fuel cell

Altaids: accretionary tectonics writ large

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National Science Review 2023年第2期10卷 12-13页

作者： Jonathan c.Aitchison School of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Queensland

This perspective is written through the lens of someone who,except for a limited but enlightening foray into the region25 years ago,has largely watched the evolution of thinking and understanding of the Altaids from afar.The area is a hotbed for new ideas and thinking.Many strongly held viewpoints associated with various schools of thought have been applied.Over time,international collaboration has moved thinking towards a consensus view,which hopefully will not stifle valuable originality.

关键词： GROWTH cOLLAGE

Situational interest impacts college students’physical activity in a design-based bike exergame

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第2期11卷 172-178,I0002页

作者： Denis Pasco cédric Roure School of Education University of Bourgogne Franche-ComtéBesan¸con 25000France Teaching and Research Unit in Physical Education and Sport University of Teacher EducationLausanne 1014Switzerland

Background:Active videogames or exergames have been used as an innovative way to promote physical activity(PA)among various populations.A player’s interest in active videogames is associated with the fun and entertaining nature of the games and may trigger situational interest,thus increasing engagement.The goal of this study was to examine the impact of situational interest dimensions on college students’PA when playing the design-based bike exergame Greedy Rabbit(Vescape,Berlin,Germany).Methods:Sixty undergraduate students(age:20.8±1.3 years,mean±SD,18-25 years old;51.7%males)were recruited from the kinesiology department of a university located in the southern region of Belgium.The participants were assigned to an experimental group(n=41)or a control group(n=19)based on an incremental cycling test.Students in the experimental group engaged in 1 session of Greedy Rabbit(Vescape)while students in the control group engaged in 1 session of a placebo version of Greedy Rabbit(Vescape).The length of the sessions ranged from 24 min to 31 min.Results:Results for the control group indicated that the players’PA metrics(cadence:F(19,360)=1.43,p=0.11;heart rate:F(19.360)=1.16,p=0.29;oxygen consumption:F(19,360)=0.83,p=0.67)were stable during the exergame.Results for the experimental group demonstrated the effects of time on the players’PA metrics and revealed significant associations between the change in the players’situational interest dimensions and PA metrics(cadence:F(19,800)=26.30,pconsumption:F(19,800)=10.04,pconclusion:An approach using a design-based exergame may be a relevant strategy for promoting levels of PA that yields positive health-related outcomes among college students.

关键词： Active videogame college students Exergame Physical activity Situational interest