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Effects of natural cerebrolysin on protective proteins and pro-apoptotic molecules in mesenchymal stem cells following beta-amyloid peptide1-40-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第12期4卷 986-993页

作者： Yinghong Li Zhengzhi Wu Ming Li Xiaoli Zhang Min Yang Manyin chen andrew c. J.Huang O Shenzhen Hospital Southern Medical University Shenzhen 518033 Guangdong Province China Larry Hillblom Islet Research center David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA Los Angeles CA 90024 USA

BAcKGROUND： Studies have demonstrated that β-amyloid peptide （Aβ）, a characteristic pathological product of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, results in neuronal endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS）. However, the mechanisms of traditional chinese medicine against ERS in AD are poorly understood. OBJEcTIVE： To measure expression levels of protective proteins （GRP78 and GRP94） of ER molecular partners and pro-apoptotic caspase-12 ER membrane expression following application of traditional chinese medicine natural cerebrolysin （Nc） to treat Aβ1-40-induced ERS. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A parallel-controlled study was performed at the Institute of Integrated Western and Traditional chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University between September 2006 and November 2008. MATERIALS： Sprague Dawley male rats, 6-8 weeks old, were used to harvest tibial and femoral bone marrow. Isolation and purification of mesenchymal stem cells （MScs） were established from the whole bone marrow by removing non-adherent cells in primary and passage cultures. Aβ1-40 was provided by Sigma, USA. Nc was provided by Shenzhen Institute of Integrated chinese and Western Medicine, china. Nc was predominantly composed of Renshen （Radix Ginseng）, Tianma （Rhizoma Gastrodiae）, and Yinxingye （Ginkgo Leaf） in a proportion of 1 ： 2： 2. Following conventional water extraction technology, an extract （1 ： 20） was prepared. Six adult, male, New Zealand rabbits underwent intragastric administration of Nc extract （0.976 g/kg per day） for 1 month to prepare Nc-positive serum, and the remaining 6 rabbits received intragastric administration of physiological saline to prepare normal blank serum. METHODS： A total of 500 nmol/L Aβ1-40 was used to establish ERS models of primary cultured MScs. AD cell models were incubated with different doses of Nc-positive serum （2.5%, 5%, and 10%）. MScs treated with normal blank serum served as normal blank controls. MAIN OUTcOME MEASURES： Reverse transcription-polymerase

关键词： endoplasmic reticulum stress amyloid beta protein 1-40 Alzheimer's Disease natural cerebrolysin protective effect mesenchymal stem cells

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Genetic variation amongst biotypes of Dactylopius tomentosus

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Insect Science 2015年第3期22卷 360-374页

作者： catherine W. Mathenge Markus Riegler G. andrew c. Beattie Robert N. Spooner-Hart Paul Holford School of Science and Health University of Western Sydney (Hawkesbury Campus) Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment University of Western Sydney Locked Bag 1797 Penrith NSW 2751 Australia

The tomentose cochineal scale insect, Dactylopius tomentosus （Lamarck）（Hemiptera： Dactylopiidae）, is an important biological control agent against invasive species of cylindropuntia （caryophyllales： cactaceae）. Recent studies have demonstrated that this scale is composed of host-affiliated biotypes with differential host specificity and fitness on particular host species. We investigated genetic variation and phylogenetic rela-tionships among D. tomentosus biotypes and provenances to examine the possibility that genetic diversity may be related to their host-use pattern, and whether their phylogenetic relationships would give insights into taxonomic relatedness of their host plants. Nucleotide sequence comparison was accomplished using sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I （cOI） gene. Sequences of individuals from the same host plant within a region were identical and characterized by a unique haplotype. Individuals belonging to the same biotype but from different regions had similar haplotypes. However, haplotypes were not shared between different biotypes. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the monophyletic D. tomentosus into 3 well-resolved clades of biotypes. The phylogenetic relationships and clustering of biotypes corresponded with known taxonomic relatedness of their hosts. Two biotypes, Fulgida and Mamillata, tested positive for Wolbachia （α-Proteobacteria）, a common endosymbiont of insects. The Wolbachia sequences were serendipitously detected by using insect-specific cOI DNA barcoding primers and are most similar to Wolbachia Supergroup F strains. This study is the first molecular characterization of cochineal biotypes that, together with Wolbachia sequences, contribute to the better identification of the biotypes of cochineal insects and to the biological control of cacti using host-specific biotypes of the scale.

关键词： biotypes cylindropuntia spp. Dactylopiidae Hemiptera tomentose cochineal scale Wolbachia spp.

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The influence of metabolic disorders on adaptive immunity

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第10期21卷 1109-1119页

作者： Thomas J.c.collins Pooranee K.Morgan Kevin Man Graeme I.Lancaster andrew J.Murphy Division of Immunometabolism Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVIC3004Australia Department of Immunology Monash UniversityMelbourneVIC3004Australia Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity MelbourneVIC3000Australia Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3052Australia

The immune system plays a crucial role in protecting the body from invading pathogens and maintaining tissue *** homoeostatic lipid metabolism is an important aspect of efficient immune cell function and when disrupted immune cell function is *** are numerous metabolic diseases whereby systemic lipid metabolism and cellular function is *** the context of metabolic disorders,chronic inflammation is suggested to be a major contributor to disease progression.A major contributor to tissue dysfunction in metabolic disease is ectopic lipid deposition,which is generally caused by diet and genetic ***,we propose the idea,that similar to tissue and organ damage in metabolic disorders,excessive accumulation of lipid in immune cells promotes a dysfunctional immune system(beyond the classical foam cell)and contributes to disease ***,we review the evidence that lipid accumulation through diet can modulate the production and function of immune cells by altering cellular lipid *** can impact immune cell signalling,activation,migration,and death,ultimately affecting key aspects of the immune system such as neutralising pathogens,antigen presentation,effector cell activation and resolving inflammation.

关键词： Immunity Metabolic Disorders Lipid Metabolism cell Metabolism Immunometabolism cancer

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Assessing the microbiota of recycled bedding sand on a Wisconsin dairy farm

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 601-612页

作者： Hannah E.Pilch andrew J.Steinberger Donald c.Sockett Nicole Aulik Garret Suen charles J.czuprynski Department of Pathobiological Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Department of Bacteriology University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Microbiology Doctoral Training Program University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA

Background:Sand is often considered the preferred bedding material for dairy cows as it is thought to have lower bacterial counts than organic bedding materials and cows bedded on sand experience fewer cases of lameness and *** can also be efficiently recycled and reused,making it ***,some studies have suggested that the residual organic material present in recycled sand can serve as a reservoir for commensal and pathogenic bacteria,although no studies have yet characterized the total bacterial community *** we sought to characterize the bacterial community composition of a Wisconsin dairy farm bedding sand recycling system and its dynamics across several stages of the recycling process during both summer and winter using 16S rRNA gene amplicon ***:Bacterial community compositions of the sand recycling system differed by both seasons and *** samples had higher richness and distinct community compositions,relative to winter *** both summer and winter samples,the diversity of recycled sand decreased with time drying in the recycling ***,summer sand 14 d post-recycling was enriched in operational taxonomic units(OTUs)belonging to the genera Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas,relative to freshly washed sand and sand from cow *** contrast,no OTUs were found to be enriched in winter *** sand recycling system contained an overall core microbiota of 141 OTUs representing 68.45%±10.33%SD of the total bacterial relative abundance at each sampled *** 4 most abundant genera in this core microbiota included Acinetobacter,Psychrobacter,corynebacterium,and *** was present in greater abundance in summer samples,whereas Psychrobacter and corynebacterium had higher relative abundances in winter *** had consistent relative abundances across both ***:These findings highlight the potential of recycled bedding sand as a bacterial reservo

关键词： Bovine Dairy farm Microbiota Recycled bedding sand 16S rRNA sequencing

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Strategies for fast breeding and improvement of Actinidia species

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Horticulture Research 2023年第3期10卷 266-270页

作者： Dinum Herath Tianchi Wang charlotte Voogd Yongyan Peng Mikaela Douglas Joanna Putterill Erika Varkonyi-Gasic.andrew c.Allan The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited(Plant&Food Research)Mt Albert Private Bag 92169Auckland Mail CentreAuckland 1142New Zealand School of Biological Sciences University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019AucklandNew Zealand

Perspective Ensuring food security for a rapidly growing world population will need new *** include speed breeding and new breeding technologies,which have been established for major staple *** of woody perennial fruit tree species has progressed at a much slower pace and has met many *** fruit production will face major challenges with climate change,such as the loss of winter chilling needed for f lowering,a potential decrease in pollinator availability,and increasing pest and disease *** chinensis(kiwifruit)is an important fresh fruit crop,with varieties only several generations removed from the wild accessions and carrying only a fraction of the available genetic diversity[1,2].Improvement of traits such as fruit quality and storage,and resistance to emergent diseases underpin the breeding efforts,which are hampered by a long generation time,large plant size,dependence on chilling for budbreak and f lowering,dioecy and different ploidy *** addition to kiwifruit,the genus Actinidia consists of more than 50 species with edible fruit,all showing tremendous potential as future fruit crops[3].Their fast domestication and improvement will enable production of high-quality healthy fruit,contributing to food security in the changing climate conditions.

关键词： breeding crops removed

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Atlas of precipitation extremes for South America and Africa based on depth-duration-frequency relationships in a stochastic weather generator dataset

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International Soil and Water conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 726-742页

作者： andrew Fullhart David c.Goodrich Menberu B.Meles Paulo Tarso S.Oliveira cristiano das Neves Almeida Joséc.de Araújo Shea Burns Southwest Watershed Research center USDA-ARS 2000 E.Allen Rd.TucsonAZ85719United States Sustainable Agricultural Water Systems Unit USDA-ARS 239 Hopkins RoadDavisCA95616United States Faculty of Engineering Architecture and Urbanism and GeographyUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeMS79070-900Brazil Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Laboratory Universidade Federal da ParaíbaJoao PessoaPB58051-900Brazil Department of Agricultural Engineering campus do Pici Fortaleza Universidade Federal do CearáFortaleza60020-181Brazil

Information about extreme rainfall is lacking in regions of South America and *** study attempts to fill this scientific gap by use of a gridded parameterization for the stochastic weather generator,cLIGEN,to map depth-duration-frequency(DDF)*** of 500-year point-scale precipitation time series generated at each grid point allowed maps of return period precipitation to be produced for a se-lection of sixteen durations ranging from 10-min to 1-year and for nine return periods from 2 to 500 *** generalized extreme value(GEV)probability distribution was fitted for all durations,and given GEV quantiles,an interpolation method was applied to produce maps at 0.1° resolution that better resolve small-scale spatial climate *** addition to uncertainties related to GEV fitting,this study quantifies prediction intervals based on ground *** validation was important for identifying biases in cLIGEN,although uncertainties were not always satisfactorily defined due to sampling design and other *** daily/multi-day durations,100 stations with daily observations and ≥50-year records were selected for validation against the 0.1° cLIGEN map series,resulting in a median and average absolute error of 13%and 16%,*** sub-daily durations,prediction errors were larger *** analogy using available *** established the degree of bias in cUGEN for sub-daily durations,and three records in Brazil with high temporal resolutions were used to confirm that applied bias adjustments resulted in error ranges similar to the daily/multi-day *** atlas is freely available for study of extreme precipitation.

关键词： Africa Depth-duration-frequency Extreme precipitation South America

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Deep tumor-penetrating nano-delivery strategy to improve diagnosis and therapy in patient-derived xenograft(PDX)oral cancer model and patient tissue

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Nano Research 2023年第2期16卷 2927-2937页

作者： Longmeng Li Aaron R.Lindstrom andrew c.Birkeland Menghuan Tang Tzu-Yin Lin Yikai Zhou Bai Xiang Xiangdong Xue Yuanpei Li State Key Laboratory of Environment Health(Incubation) Key Laboratory of Environment and HealthMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory of Environment and Health(Wuhan)Ministry of Environmental ProtectionSchool of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California Davis2700 Stockton BlvdSacramentoCalifornia 95817USA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of California Davis2521 Stockton BlvdSacramentoCalifornia 95817USA Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Internal MedicineSchool of MedicineUniversity of California Davis2700 Stockton BlvdSacramentoCalifornia 95817USA Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Innovative drug research and evaluation School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China School of Pharmacy Pharm-X CenterShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Nanoprodrugs that are directly assembled by prodrugs attract considerable attention with high anticancer ***,their stability and efficiency of tumor-targeted delivery remain a major challenge in practical biomedical ***,we report a new deep tumor-penetrating nano-delivery strategy to achieve enhanced anti-cancer performance by systematic optimization of a porphyrin-doxorubicin-based nanoprodrug using various PEGylations/crosslinks and co-administration of targeting peptide *** glycols(PEGs)with different molecular weights and grafts are employed to crosslink the nanoprodrug and optimize size,charge,tumor accumulation and penetration,and anti-cancer efficiency,*** tumor penetration was validated in syngeneic oral cancer mouse models,patient-derived xenograft(PDX)models,and oral cancer tissue from *** optimized nanoprodrug co-administrated with iRGD remarkably enhances the accumulation and penetration both in tumor vascular and PDX tumor *** is effective and safe to improve in vivo therapeutic efficacy via the passive tumor targeting dependent and independent *** tumor-penetrating nano-delivery strategy is promising to strengthen the nanoprodrugs in clinical implementation.

关键词： nanoprodrug tumor-penetrating tumor-targerting multilevel delivery optimization drug delivery

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Transdermal delivery of 4-aminopyridine accelerates motor functional recovery and improves nerve morphology following sciatic nerve crush injury in mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第1期15卷 136-144页

作者： andrew Rclark chia George Hsu M A Hassan Talukder Mark Noble John cElfar center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science Penn State Hershey College of MedicineMilton S.Hershey Medical CenterHersheyPAUSA Department of Orthopaedics The University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA Department of Medicine Aab Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNYUSA Department of Biomedical Genetics The University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA

Oral 4-aminopyridine(4-AP)is clinically used for symptomatic relief in multiple sclerosis and we recently demonstrated that systemic 4-AP had previously unknown clinically-relevant effects after traumatic peripheral nerve injury including the promotion of re-myelination,improvement of nerve conductivity,and acceleration of functional *** hypothesized that,instead of oral or injection administration,transdermal 4-AP(TD-4-AP)could also improve functional recovery after traumatic peripheral nerve *** with surgical traumatic peripheral nerve injury received TD-4AP or vehicle alone and were examined for skin permeability,pharmacokinetics,functional,electrophysiological,and nerve morphological properties.4-AP showed linear pharmacokinetics and the maximum plasma 4-AP concentrations were proportional to TD-4-AP *** a single dose of TD-4-AP administration demonstrated rapid transient improvement in motor function,chronic TD-4-AP treatment significantly improved motor function and nerve conduction and these effects were associated with fewer degenerating axons and thicker myelin sheaths than those from vehicle *** findings provide direct evidence for the potential transdermal applicability of 4-AP and demonstrate that 4-AP delivered through the skin can enhance in-vivo functional recovery and nerve conduction while decreasing axonal *** animal experiments were approved by the University committee on Animal Research(UcAR)at the University of Rochester(UcAR-2009-019)on March 31,2017.

关键词： 4-aminopyridine electron microscopy functional recovery nerve conduction velocity peripheral nerve injury pharmacokinetics transdermal administration

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Ecology of industrial pollution in china

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2020年第1期6卷 152-168,151页

作者： Jingjing Yuan Yonglong Lu chenchen Wang Xianghui cao chunci chen Haotian cui Meng Zhang cong Wang Xiaoqian Li andrew c.Johnson andrew J.Sweetman Di Du State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for coastal Wetland Ecosystems College of the Environment and EcologyXiamen UniversityFujianChina University of chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina centre for Ecology&Hydrology OxonUK Lancaster Environment centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterUK

Industrial development has brought china both opportunities and challenges since the reform and opening up in *** and temporal analysis showed that rapid industrialization has made eastern china under a more serious pollution *** most serious effects of industrial pollution were reflected in aquatic and soil ecosystem degradation,and damage can be observed from species,population,and community to ecosystem *** consciousness about contaminated sites rose from 2004 leading to greater efforts in ecological remediation,monitoring,and risk *** efforts are still needed in expanding the extent and breadth of monitoring to explore where the greatest ecological risks lie and how to control *** of industrial pollution has become a popular discipline in china and will be further developed to help achieve the Sustainable Development *** research for a better ecological risk management should be focused on multi-media transfer and effects of mixed pollutants,mechanisms for clean energy and material flow,and integration of ecological risk with human health risk.

关键词： Industrial pollution soil and aquatic ecosystem watershed monitoring and assessment contaminated site ecological risk assessment ecosystem management

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The use of charcoal to interpret cretaceous wildfires and volcanic activity

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Global Geology 2019年第4期22卷 217-241页

作者： andrew c.Scott Department of Earth Sciences Royal Holloway University of London

charcoal is abundant in most post-Silurian sedimentary sequences and even in some volcanic rocks. The study of charcoal can provide important information on not only what plants were being burned but also on how the charcoal residue was formed. Most charcoal encountered in the sedimentary record is a result of lightning-ignited wildfires but volcanic activity may also act as an ignition source. charcoal preserves exquisite anatomical data that can be studied by a range of microscopical techniques including scanning electron microscopy that allows the identity of the plants to be determined. Fires have a major impact on a range of environments and ecosystems. The elevated oxygen content of the atmosphere indicates that the cretaceous can be considered a "high-fire" world. Fire activity should be taken into account in cretaceous vegetation and climate models. The occurrence of charcoal at the cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary has been highlighted as evidence for a global fire following an asteroid impact, but this interpretation is *** may be found within volcanic rocks, especially from deposits of pyroclastic flows and from basaltic lavas. This may provide data on the entombed vegetation but reflectance data may be used to provide interpretations of deposit temperatures. charcoal is information-rich but yet is an under-utilized resource. Fire is an expression of life on Earth and an index of life's history and is relevant for geology, biology, human history, physics and global chemistry.

关键词： cretaceous charcoal wildfire volcanism impacts atmospheric change climate change terrestrial ecosystem

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