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Effect of High-Intensity Intermittent Hypoxic Training on 3-on-3 Female Basketball Player’s Performance

Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第4期4卷 386-396页

作者： H.K.Smith M.J.Hamlin c.a.elliot Department of Tourism Sport and SocietyLincoln UniversityChristchurchNew Zealand Faculty of Health and Environmental Science Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand(SPRINZ)Auckland University of TechnologyAucklandNew Zealand

Purpose To investigate the effects of 4 weeks high-intensity interval training in hypoxia on aerobic and anaerobic perfor-mance of 3-on-3 basketball *** In a randomised controlled trial,15 female basketballers completed eight 1-h high-intensity training sessions in either normobaric hypoxia(hypoxic group n=8,altitude 3052 m)or normoxia(normoxic group n=7,sea-level).Results After training,the hypoxic group increased their 1-min all-out shuttle run distance by 2.5%±2.3%(mean±95%cI,d=0.83,P=0.04),compared to the normoxic group 0.2%±2.3%(d=0.06,P=0.8),with the difference between groups being clinically worthwhile but not statistically significant(d=0.77,P=0.1).Distance covered in the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test tended to increase in the hypoxic(32.5%±39.3%,d=1.0,P=0.1)but not normoxic group(0.3%±24.5%,d=0.08,P=0.9),with a non-significant change between groups(d=0.9,P=0.2).compared to normoxia,the hypoxic group significantly increased subjective markers of stress(d=0.53,P=0.005),fatigue(d=0.43,P=0.005),and muscle soreness(d=0.46,P=0.01),which resulted in a lower perceived training performance in the hypoxic compared to the normoxic group(d=0.68,P=0.001).conclusion High-intensity interval training under hypoxic conditions likely improved 1-min all-out shuttle run ability in female basketball 3-on-3 players but also increased subjective markers of stress and fatigue which must be taken into con-sideration when prescribing such training.

关键词： 1-min all-out shuttle run Anaerobic performance Aerobic performance Altitude training

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The dual role of striatal interneurons: circuit modulation and trophic support for the basal ganglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1277-1283页

作者： elliot Wegman Marlena Wosiski-Kuhn Yu Luo Department of Molecular and cellular Biosciences University of Cincinnati 2. Department of Emergency Medicine at the School of Medicine University of Cincinnati Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Cincinnati

Striatal interneurons play a key role in modulating striatal-dependent behaviors, including motor activity and reward and emotional processing. Interneurons not only provide modulation to the basal ganglia circuitry under homeostasis but are also involved in changes to plasticity and adaptation during disease conditions such as Parkinson’s or Huntington’s disease. This review aims to summarize recent findings regarding the role of striatal cholinergic and GABAergic interneurons in providing circuit modulation to the basal ganglia in both homeostatic and disease conditions. In addition to direct circuit modulation, striatal interneurons have also been shown to provide trophic support to maintain neuron populations in adulthood. We discuss this interesting and novel role of striatal interneurons, with a focus on the maintenance of adult dopaminergic neurons from interneuronderived sonic-hedgehog.

关键词： cholinergic dopamine GABAergic interneuron levodopa-induced dyskinesia parvalbumin sonic hedgehog striatum trophic factor

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Development of gradient boosting-assisted machine learning data-driven model for free chlorine residual prediction

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 35-46页

作者： Wiley Helm Shifa Zhong elliot Reid Thomas Igou Yongsheng chen School of civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

chlorine-based disinfection is ubiquitous in conventional drinking water treatment (DWT) and serves to mitigate threats of acute microbial disease caused by pathogens that may be present in source water. An important index of disinfection efficiency is the free chlorine residual (FcR), a regulated disinfection parameter in the US that indirectly measures disinfectant power for prevention of microbial recontamination during DWT and distribution. This work demonstrates how machine learning (ML) can be implemented to improve FcR forecasting when supplied with water quality data from a real, full-scale chlorine disinfection system in Georgia, USA. More precisely, a gradient-boosting ML method (catBoost) was developed from a full year of DWT plant-generated chlorine disinfection data, including water quality parameters (e.g., temperature, turbidity, pH) and operational process data (e.g., flowrates), to predict FcR. Four gradient-boosting models were implemented, with the highest performance achieving a coefficient of determination, R2, of 0.937. Values that provide explanations using Shapley’s additive method were used to interpret the model’s results, uncovering that standard DWT operating parameters, although non-intuitive and theoretically non-causal, vastly improved prediction performance. These results provide a base case for data-driven DWT disinfection supervision and suggest process monitoring methods to provide better information to plant operators for implementation of safe chlorine dosing to maintain optimum FcR.

关键词： Machine learning Data-driven modeling Drinking water treatment Disinfection chlorination

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Gold Standard for Skin cancer Treatment: Surgery (Mohs) or Microscopic Molecular-cellular Therapy (curaderm)?

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Journal of cancer Therapy 2024年第2期15卷 33-47页

作者： Bill elliot cham Australasian Medical Research Port Vila Republic of Vanuatu

Non-melanoma skin cancers or keratinocyte cancers such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma make up approximately 80% and 20% respectively, of skin cancers with the 6 million people that are treated annually in the United States. 1 in 5 Americans and 2 in 3 Australians develop skin cancer by the age of 70 years and in Australia it is the most expensive, amassing $1.5 billion, to treat cancers. Non-melanoma skin cancers are often self-detected and are usually removed by various means in doctors’ surgeries. Mohs micrographic surgery is acclaimed to be the gold standard for the treatment of skin cancer. However, a novel microscopic molecular-cellular non-invasive topical therapy described in this article, challenges the status of Mohs procedure for being the acclaimed gold standard.

关键词： Skin cancer Basal cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Mohs Surgery Microscopic Molecular-cellular curaderm Actinic Keratosis cosmesis

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The Value of Excipients and the Required Understanding of the Biological System in Product Development: An Impactful Example of curaderm, a Topical Skin cancer Treatment

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International Journal of clinical Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 68-87页

作者： Tania Robyn chase Kai elliot cham Bill elliot cham Australasian Medical Research Port Vila Republic of Vanuatu

The incidences of nonmelanoma skin cancer are increasing worldwide, and the ongoing war on its treatment necessitates the development of effective and non-invasive methods. Through basic and clinical research, non-invasive treatments like curaderm have been developed, leading to improved quality of life for patients. Excipients, previously considered inactive ingredients, play a crucial role in enhancing the performance of topical formulations. The development of curaderm emphasizes the importance of understanding the interactions between active ingredients, excipients, and the biological system to create effective and affordable pharmaceutical formulations. The systematic approach taken in the development of curaderm, starting from the observation of the anticancer activity of natural solasodine glycosides and progressing through toxicological and efficacy studies in cell culture, animals, and humans, has provided insights into the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of solasodine glycosides. It is crucial to determine these pharmacological parameters within the skin’s biological system for maximal effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a skin cancer treatment. curaderm, as a topical treatment for nonmelanoma skin cancer, offers benefits beyond those obtained from other topical treatments, providing hope for improved quality of life for patients.

关键词： curaderm BEc Solasodine Glycosides Solamargine Apoptosis Skin cancer Actinic Keratosis Keratoacanthoma Basal cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma

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Unique clinical Features of curaderm when Treating Skin cancers

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Journal of cancer Therapy 2024年第1期15卷 13-27页

作者： Tania Robyn chase Kai elliot cham Bill elliot cham Australasian Medical Research Port Vila Republic of Vanuatu

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer and the most frequently occurring form of all cancers. conventional treatments to remove or destroy basal cell carcinoma are indiscriminate and also remove or destroy normal skin cells resulting in compromised cosmetic outcomes. consequences of these treatments include body-image issues, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and poorer quality of social and family life. A progressive topical cream formulation, curaderm, containing the natural BEc glycoalkaloids, have shown to have advantages over conventional treatments. However, comprehensive clinical features of the skin cancer lesions during treatment with curaderm have to date not been reported. This report shows that using unpublished data from a large number of patients with varying sizes, types and locations of basal cell carcinomas when treated with curaderm in a phase 3 trial, an initial increase in size of the lesions occur, followed by a reverse course, leading to complete removal of the skin cancer. The specificity and mode of action of curaderm explains the superior cosmetic outcomes when compared with conventional therapies.

关键词： curaderm Skin cancer Basal cell carcinoma BEc Glycoalkaloids conventional Treatments

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A toast to a zebrafish germ cell induction cocktail

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1314-1315页

作者： Mary c.Mullins Department of cell and Developmental Biology University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphia 19104USA

The zebrafish field is ringing in the new year with a publication from Yonghua Sun's laboratory(Wang et al.,2023)of a cocktail of germline factors that can induce all cells of the zebrafish embryo into primordial germ cells(PGcs)at phenomenal *** major advance is not only of great interest to germ cell biologists,but it has important applications to the entire zebrafish field,as shown in Wang et al.(2023).

关键词： fish zebra field

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Performance of evolutionary optimized machine learning for modeling total organic carbon in core samples of shale gas fields

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 150-164页

作者： Leonardo Goliatt c.M.Saporetti L.c.Oliveira E.Pereira Department of computational and Applied Mechanics Federal University of Juiz de Fora Department of computational Modeling Polytechnic Institute Rio de Janeiro State University Petrobras Department of Stratigraphy and Paleontology Rio de Janeiro State University

Rock samples' TOc content is the best indicator of the organic matter in source rocks. The origin rock samples' analysis is used to calculate it manually by specialists. This method requires time and resources because it relies on samples from many well intervals in source rocks. Therefore, research has been done to aid this effort. Machine learning algorithms can estimate total organic carbon instead of well logs and stratigraphic studies. In light of these efforts, the current work present a study on automating the total organic carbon estimation using machine learning approaches improved by an evolutionary methodology to give the model flexibility and precision. Genetic algorithms, differential evolution, particle swarm optimization, grey wolf optimization, artificial bee colony, and evolution strategies were used to improve machine learning models to predict TOc. The six metaheuristics were integrated into four machine learning methods: extreme learning machine, elastic net linear model, linear support vector regression, and multivariate adaptive regression splines. core samples from the YuDong-Nan shale gas field, located in the Sichuan basin, were used to evaluate the hybrid strategy. The findings show that combining machine learning models with an evolutionary algorithms in a hybrid fashion produce flexible models that accurately predict TOc. The results show that, independent of the metaheuristic used to guide the model selection, optimized extreme learning machines attained the best performance scores according to six metrics. Such hybrid models can be used in exploratory geological research,particularly for unconventional oil and gas resources.

关键词： Total organic carbon Hybrid models Automated machine learning Evolutionary algorithms Geology

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Recent advances on bismuth oxyhalides for photocatalytic cO_(2)reduction

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 183-203页

作者： Liangpang Xu Jimmy c.Yu Ying Wang Department of chemistry The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong 999077China

Photocatalytic conversion of cO_(2)into fuels such as cO,cH_(4),and cH_(3)OH,is a promising approach for achieving carbon *** oxyhalides(BiOX,where X=cl,Br,and I)are appropriate photocatalysts for this purpose due to the merits of visible-light-active,efficient charge separation,and easy-to-modify crystal structure and surface *** practical applications,multiple strategies have been proposed to develop high-efficiency BiOX-based *** review summarizes the development of different approaches to prepare BiOX-based photocatalysts for efficient cO_(2)*** the review,the fundamentals of photocatalytic cO_(2)reduction are ***,several widely used modification methods for BiOX photocatalysts are systematacially discussed,including heterojunction construction,introducing oxygen vacancies(OVs),Bi-enrichment,heteroatom-doping,and morphology ***,the challenges and prospects in the design of future BiOX-based photocatalysis for efficient cO_(2)reduction are examined.

关键词： Bismuth oxyhalides Photocatalysis cO_(2)reduction Modification methods

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Exercise immunology:Novel insights

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 277-279,I0001页

作者： David c.Nieman Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA

The coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19)pandemic heightened worldwide attention on the influence of exercise on the immune *** were raised about whether regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)could help prevent cOVID-19 or mitigate symptoms when *** MVPA bolster immunity among those most prone to cOVID-19 including the elderly,obese,and immunocompromised patients?Does regular MVPA dampen systemic inflammation,thereby lessening the cOVID-19 cytokine storm?

关键词： immunity inflammation thereby

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