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Groundwater rec.a.ge rates and surface runoff response to land use and land cover c.a.ges in semi-arid environments

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ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 195-215页

作者： S.O.Owuor K.Butterbach-Bahl A.c.Guzha M.c.Rufino d.e.Pelster e.diaz-Pines L.Breuer Institute of Meteorology and climate Research Atmospheric Environmental Research(IMK-IFU)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Kreuzeckbahnstr.1982467 Garmisch-PartenkirchenGermany International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) Old Naivasha Rd.P.O.Box 30709-00100NairobiKenya United States Forest Service c/o CIFORWorld Agroforestry CentreUnited Nations Avenue GigiriP.O.Box 30677-00100NairobiKenya center for International Forestry Research(cIFOR) C/o World Agroforestry CentreUnited Nations Avenue GigiriP.O.Box 30677-00100NairobiKenya Institute for Landscape ecology and Resources Management(ILR) Research Centre for BioSystemsLand Use and Nutrition(iFZ)Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 2635392 GiessenGermany centre for International development and environmental Research(ZeU) Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany

The effects of land use and land cover(LULc)on groundwater rec.a.ge and surface runoff and how these are affected by LULc c.a.ges are of interest for sustainable water resources ***,there is limited quantitative evidence on how c.a.ges to LULc in semi-arid tropical and subtropical regions affect the subsurface components of the hydrologic cycle,particularly groundwater *** water resource management in these regions requires conclusive evidence and understanding of the effects of LULc c.a.ges on groundwater rec.a.ge and surface *** reviewed a total of 27 studies(2 modeling and 25 experimental),which reported on pre-and post land use c.a.ge groundwater rec.a.ge or surface runoff magnitude,and thus allowed to quantify the response of groundwater rec.a.ge rates and runoff to *** between initial and subsequent LULc indicate that forests have lower groundwater rec.a.ge rates and runoff than the other investigated land uses in semi-arid tropical/subtropical *** of bare land induces a decrease in groundwater rec.a.ge from 42% of precipitation to between 6 and 12% depending on the final *** forests are cleared for rangelands,groundwater rec.a.ge increases by 7.8±12.6%,while conversion to cropland or grassland results in increases of 3.4±2.5 and 4.4±3.3%,*** of bare land to cropland results in surface runoff reductions of between 5.2 and 7.3%.The conversion of forest vegetation to managed LULc shows an increase in surface runoff from 1 to 14.1% depending on the final *** runoff was reduced from 2.5 to 1.1% when grassland is converted to forest *** there is general consistency in the results from the selected case studies,we conclude that there are few experimental studies that have been conducted in tropical and subtropical semi-arid regions,despite that many people rely heavily on groundwater for their ***,there is an urgent need to increase th

关键词： Groundwater rec.a.ge rate Infiltration Surface runoff Semi-arid Land use c.a.ge Land cover c.a.ge

Growth performance,oxidative stress and immune status of newly weaned pigs fed peroxidized lipids with or without supplemental vitamin e or polyphenols

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 819-829页

作者： Y.V.Silva-Guillen c.a.ellano R.d.Boyd G.Martinez e.van Heugten department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA department of Statistics North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA The Hanor company Inc FranklinKY 42134USA

Background:This study evaluated the use of dietary vitamin e and polyphenols on growth,immune and oxidative status of weaned pigs fed peroxidized lipids.A total of 192 piglets(21 days of age and body weight of 6.62±1.04 kg)were assigned within sex and weight blocks to a 2×3 factorial arrangement using 48 pens with 4 pigs per *** treatments consisted of lipid peroxidation(6%edible soybean oil or 6%peroxidized soybean oil),and antioxidant supplementation(control diet containing 33 IU/kg dL-α-tocopheryl-acetate;control with 200 IU/kg additional dl-α-tocopheryl-acetate;or control with 400 mg/kg polyphenols).Pigs were fed in 2 phases for 14 and 21 days,***:Peroxidation of oil for 12 days at 80°c with exposure to 50 L/min of air substantially increased peroxide values,anisidine value,hexanal,and 2,4-decadienal *** peroxidized lipids decreased(Pdy weight(23.16 vs.18.74 kg),daily gain(473 vs.346 g/d),daily feed intake(658 vs.535 g/d)and gain:feed.ratio(719 vs.647 g/kg).Lipid peroxidation decreased serum vitamin e(Pd this decrease was larger on day 35(1.82 vs.0.81 mg/kg)than day 14(1.95 vs.1.38 mg/kg).Supplemental vitamin e,but not polyphenols,increased(P≤0.002)serum vitamin e by 84%and 22%for control and peroxidized diets,respectively(interaction,P=0.001).Serum malondialdehyde decreased(Peroxidation on day 14,but not day 35 and protein carbonyl increased(Peroxidation on day 35,but not day *** 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine was not affected(P>0.05).Total antioxidant capacity decreased with peroxidation(Pd increased with vitamin e(P=0.065)and polyphenols(P=0.046)for the control oil diet *** cytokine concentrations increased with feeding peroxidized lipids on day 35,but were not affected by antioxidant supplementation(P>0.05).conclusion:Feeding peroxidized lipids negatively impacted growth performance and antioxidant capacity of nursery *** of vitamin e and po

关键词： Antioxidants Immune status Lipid peroxidation Oxidative stress Piglets Polyphenols Vitamin e

Machine-learning based landslide susceptibility modelling with emphasis on uncertainty analysis

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 327-340页

作者： A.L.Achu c.d.Aju Mariano di Napoli Pranav Prakash Girish Gopinath e.Shaji Vinod c.a.dra department of climate Variability and Aquatic ecosystems Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies(KUFOS)KochiKerala 682508India department of Geology University of KeralaThiruvananthapuramKerala 695581India department of earth Environment and Life SciencesUniversity of GenoaCorso Europa26Genoa 16132Italy department of computer Science University of KeralaThiruvananthapuramKerala 695581India

Landslide susceptibility maps are vital tools used by decision-makers to adopt mitigation strategies for future *** this context,research on landslide susceptibility modelling has become a topic of relevance and is in constant *** various machine-learning techniques(MLTs)have been identified for landslide susceptibility modelling,the uncertainty inherent in the models is rarely *** present study attempts to quantify the uncertainty assoc.a.ed with landslide prediction models by developing a new methodological framework based on the ensembles of the eight *** methodology has been tested at the highlands of the southern Western Ghats region(Kerala,India),where landslides have frequently been *** landslide conditioning factors have been identified as part of this study,and their assoc.a.ion was correlated with 671 historic landslides in the study *** study used four ensemble models such as the mean of probabilities,the median of probabilities,the weighted mean of probabilities,and the committee *** weighted mean of probability was proved to be the best model based on the average of 800 standalone MLTs,viz.,receiver operating c.a.acteristics,true skill statistics,and area under curve with corresponding validation ***,an uncertainty analysis was carried out on the coefficient of variation.A confident map was generated to represent the distinct zonation of landslide susceptibility areas with definite uncertainty *** 74%of the past landslides fall in the higher susceptibility-low uncertainty *** is also inferred that such micro-level zonation based on MLTs may improve the efficiency of landslide susceptibility maps and may help in accurately identifying landslide-prone areas in the *** confident maps thus generated can be used as a ready reference to the planners for the formulation of landslide adaptation strategies at micro-scales.

关键词： Landslides Machine-learning ensemble model Kerala India

Annotated expressed sequence tags and xenobiotic detoxification in the aphid Myzus persicae （Sulzer）

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Insect Science 2007年第1期14卷 29-45页

作者： c.c. FIGUeROA N. PRUNIeR-LeTeRMe c. RISPe F. SePOLVedA e. FUeNTeS-cONTReraS B. SABATeR-MUNOZ J.-c. SIMON d. TAGU Instituto de ecologia y evolucion Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile INra Rennes UMR 1099 BiO3P INRA - Agrocampus BP 35327 35653 Le Rheucedex France and departamento de Produccion Agrfcola Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Talca Talca Chile

Aphids （Hemiptera： Aphididae） are phytophagous insects that are important agricultural pests. The enormous negative economic impacts caused by aphids worldwide are well known, and are mostly due to their high multiplication rate and the transmission of phytopathogenic viruses. Aphid management strategies mainly involve chemical treatments which are pollutants and are increasingly inefficient, since aphids have developed multiple insecticide-resistant mec.a.isms. Among the most economically important species is the green peach aptfid Myzus persicae Sulzer （Aphididae： Macrosiphini）, which is able to colonize a wide range of host plants belonging to many different families, and transmits numerous plant viruses. Because of its large prevalence, M. persicae has been the target of massive insecticide treatments; consequently, it has evolved several insecticide-resistant mec.a.isms. In this work, a collection of expressed genes from M. persicae is presented in order to identify putative genes involved in xenobiotic detoxification. After cdNA cloning and sequencing, 959 expressed sequence tags （eST） were annotated. Most sequences matched known genes corresponded to metabolism proteins （26%）, ribosomal proteins （ 23 % ） and structural proteins （8%）. Among them, several sequences corresponded to proteins putatively involved in sensing, degradation or detoxification of plant xenobiotic products.

关键词： aphid detoxification eST genomics insect-plant relationships Myzuspersicae

Jacobi Structures on Affine Bundles

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Ac.a.Mathematica Sinica,english Series 2007年第5期23卷 769-788页

作者： J.GraBOWSKI d.IGLeSIAS J.c.MARReRO e.PAdRN P.URBA■SKI Mathematical InstitutePolish Academy of Sciences Sniadeckich 8P.O.Box 2100-956 WarsawPoland Instituto de Matemáticas y Física Fundamentalconsejo Superior de Investigaciones cientificasSerrano 12328006 MadridSpain departamentode Matemática FundamentalFacultad de MatemáticasUniversidad de la LagunaLa LagunaTenerifecanary IslandsSpain division of Mathematical Methods in PhysicsUniversity of Warsaw Hoia 7400-682 WarsawPoland

Abstract We study affine Jacobi structures （brackets） on an affine bundle π ： A → M, i.e. Jacobi brackets that close on affine functions. We prove that if the rank of A is non-zero, there is a one-toone correspondence between affine Jacobi structures on A and Lie algebroid structures on the vector bundle A^＋ = ∪p∈M Aff（Ap, R） of affine functionals. In the case rank A = 0, it is shown that there is a one-to-one correspondence between affine Jacobi structures on A and local Lie algebras on A^＋. Some examples and applications, also for the linear case, are discussed. For a spec.a. type of affine Jacobi structures which are canonically exhibited （strongly-affine or affine-homogeneous Jacobi structures） over a real vector space of finite dimension, we describe the leaves of its c.a.acteristic foliation as the orbits of an affine representation. These affine Jacobi structures can be viewed as an analog of the Kostant-Arnold-Liouville linear Poisson structure on the dual space of a real finite-dimensional Lie algebra.

关键词： Vector and affine bundles Jacobi manifolds Lie algebroids

Use of two fungal species to induce agarwood resin formation in Gyrinops walla

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第2期30卷 721-726页

作者： S.M.c.U.P.Subasinghe H.I.d.Hitihamu K.M.e.P.Fernando department of Forestry and environmental Science University of Sri Jayewardenepura department of Botany University of Sri Jayewardenepura

Gyrinops walla Gaertn. is the only species growing in Sri Lanka that belongs to the agarwood family,Thymelaeac.a.. Although agarwood resin induction and extraction from Aquilaria species of the same family have been practised for many decades in Southeast Asian region,the ability of producing agarwood resins in G. walla was discovered recently. Since previous studies were on agarwood resins formed due to natural causes, the present study was conducted to identify the potential fungal species that are capable of artific.a.ly inducing agarwood resin formation in G. walla. Since this is the first ever study conducted on artific.a. inducement of agarwood resin formation in ***, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani were selected owing to their high abundance in the naturally formed agarwood resinous tissues collected from 25 G. walla *** fungal species were separately grown in yeast extract glucose agar and used to inoculate healthy G. walla trees under aseptic conditions. Three holes were made for each tree and 2 g of fungal culture including the medium were placed in each hole. Tissue discoloration, c.a.acteristic.a.oma, resin content and resin constituents were checked at10 cm intervals above and below the inoculation points for a period of 1 year. Results revealed that tissue discoloration and resin content were higher in the trees inoculated with A. niger. Other than at 10 cm above and below the inoculation points, samples collected at all locations had significantly higher resin contents when inoculated with A. niger compared to F. solani. Sixteen agarwood resin constituents, which were also recorded in Aquilaria species, were identified from the discolored tissues using Gc–MS analysis. Jinkohol, agarospirol and 2(2-phenyl)chromone derivatives were found in all discolored tissues collected at 10-cm intervals of the trees inoculated with both fungi. b-Seline, c-eudesmol and valerenal were found in nine of 10 sample points on the stem. c-elemene was recor

关键词： Gyrinops walla Agarwood resin Aspergillus niger Fusarium solani Inoculation

Monolayer MoS_(2)synaptic devices synergistically modulated by Na^(+)ions and sulfur vacancies for neuromorphic computing and pain perception stimulation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第32期163卷 121-131页

作者： Y.B.Liu d.cai T.c.Zhao M.Shen X.Zhou Z.H.Zhang X.W.Meng d.e.Gu State Key Laboratory of electronic Thin Films and Integrated devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China college of chemistry and Materials Science Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610066China Laboratory of controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Ion based synaptic devices(ISds)are one of the excellent candidates for neuromorphic ***,most of ISds utilized additional ion sources to supply ions for adjusting the conduc.a.ce of the device c.a.nel,which might hinder the large-scale integration for fabricating hierarchical artific.a. neural *** a high-performance monolayer MoS_(2) ISd is demonstrated using Na^(+)ions doped in MoS_(2) lattice as ion *** from the Na^(+)ions and S vacancy defects in the MoS_(2) lattice,the device not only exhibits various synaptic plasticity(long-and short-term plasticity)and typical biological features(pain-perceptual nociceptors and assoc.a.ive learning),but also has a low synaptic event response voltage(100 mV)and a low energy consumption(0.92 pJ)for a synaptic event.A dissoc.a.ion-adsorptionmigration-binding model is proposed to elaborate the resistance switching mec.a.ism,which is corroborated by density functional theory calculations and *** addition,an artific.a. neural network(ANN)based on MoS_(2) ISds is simulated for the recognition of the MNIST handwritten *** deviation of the recognition accuracy is less than 8%compared to the ideal floating-point numeric *** results provide a new strategy for fabricating high-performance ISds for neuromorphic computing.

关键词： 2d materials Monolayer Molybdenum disulfide Synapses Neuromorphic computing

Bounds on the clique-transversal number of regular graphs

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Science china Mathematics 2008年第5期51卷 851-863页

作者： cHeNG T.c.e department of Logistics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

A clique-transversal set d of a graph G is a set of vertices of G such that d meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted τ c (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. In this paper we present the bounds on the clique-transversal number for regular graphs and c.a.acterize the extremal graphs achieving the lower bound. Also, we give the sharp bounds on the clique-transversal number for c.a.-free cubic graphs and we c.a.acterize the extremal graphs achieving the lower bound.

关键词： graph regular graph c.a.-free cubic graph clique-transversal set clique-transversal number 05c65 05c69 05c75

Morphology, Phylogeny and culture c.a.acteristics of Ganoderma gibbosum collected from Kunming, Yunnan Province, china

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Phyton-International Journal of experimental Botany 2020年第3期89卷 743-764页

作者： Thatsanee Luangharn Samantha c.Karunarathna Peter e.Mortimer Kevin d.Hyde Jianchu Xu Key Laboratory for Plant diversity and Biogeography of east Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China east and central Asia Regional Office World Agroforestry Centre(ICRAF)Kunming650201China centre for Mountain Futures Kunming Institute of BotanyKunming650201China center of excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai57100Thailand

Ganoderma is a genus of medicinally and economically important mushrooms in the family *** species are popular medicinal mushrooms and their health benefits are *** is a cosmopolitan genus that is widely distributed in both tropical and temperate *** genus is c.a.acterized by its unique lac.a.e or non-lac.a.e species with double-walled ***,we report on eight collections of *** collected during surveys in Kunming,Yunnan Province,*** specimens are described and illustrated based on macro-and micro-morphological *** dNA of the eight *** strains were extracted using the Biospin Fungal extraction Kit following manufacturer *** of the Internal Transcribed Spacer(nrITS)region was carried out using ITS5/ITS4 primers and LROR/LR5 for the nuclear ribosomal large subunit 28S rdNA gene(LSU).Phylogenetic.a.alysis with closely related species to *** showed that all eight collections grouped with *** with 100%bootstrap *** similarity and morphological variations within the eight collections of *** are discussed.

关键词： chinese medicine medicinal mushroom morphology phylogeny