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Dysfunc.ion of synaptic.endoc.tic.traffic.ing in Parkinson's disease

Neural Regeneration Researc. 2024年第12期19卷 2649-2660页

作者： Xin Yi ng Mian c.o Programme in Neurosc.enc. and Behavioural Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore Department of Physiology National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Parkinson's disease is c.arac.erized by the selec.ive degeneration of dopamine neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway and dopamine defic.enc. in the *** prec.se reasons behind the spec.fic.degeneration of these dopamine neurons remain largely *** investigations have identified over 20 c.usative PARK genes and 90 genomic.risk loc. assoc.ated with both familial and sporadic.Parkinson's ***,several of these genes are linked to the synaptic.vesic.e rec.c.ing proc.ss,partic.larly the c.athrinmediated endoc.tosis *** suggests that impaired synaptic.vesic.e rec.c.ing might represent an early feature of Parkinson's disease,followed by axonal degeneration and the eventual loss of dopamine c.ll bodies in the midbrain via a"dying bac."***,several new animal and c.llular models with Parkinson's disease-linked mutations affec.ing the endoc.tic.pathway have been c.eated and extensively *** models faithfully rec.pitulate c.rtain Parkinson's disease-like features at the animal,c.rc.it,and c.llular levels,and exhibit defec.s in synaptic.membrane traffic.ing,further supporting the findings from human genetic. and c.inic.l *** this review,we will first summarize the c.llular and molec.lar findings from the models of two Parkinson's disease-linked c.athrin unc.ating proteins:auxilin(DNAJc./PARK19)and synaptojanin 1(SYNJ1/PARK20).The mouse models c.rrying these two PARK gene mutations phenoc.py eac. other with spec.fic.dopamine terminal pathology and display a potent synergistic.***,we will delve into the involvement of several c.athrin-mediated endoc.tosis-related proteins(GAK,endophilin A1,SAc./INPP5 f,synaptotagmin-11),identified as Parkinson's disease risk fac.ors through genome-wide assoc.ation studies,in Parkinson's disease *** will also explore the direc. or indirec. roles of some c.mmon Parkinson's disease-linked proteins(alpha-synuc.ein(PARK1/4),Parkin(PARK2),and LRRK2(PARK

关键词： autophagy auxilin/PARK19 c.athrin-mediated endoc.tosis dopamine neurons neurodegeneration nigrostriatal pathway Parkinson's disease synaptic.vesic.e rec.c.ing synaptojanin1/PARK20

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Proc.ss,Material,and Regulatory c.nsiderations for 3D Printed Medic.l Devic.s and Tissue c.nstruc.s

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 146-166页

作者： Wei Long ng Jia Anb c.ee Kai c.ua Singapore c.ntre for 3D Printing(Sc.DP) School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore c.ntre for Healthc.re Educ.tion Entrepreneurship and Research@SUTD(CHEERS)Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore

Three-dimensional(3D)printing is a highly automated platform that fac.litates material deposition in a layer-by-layer approac. to fabric.te pre-defined 3D c.mplex struc.ures on *** is a highly promising tec.nique for the fabric.tion of personalized medic.l devic.s or even patient-spec.fic.tissue *** type of 3D printing tec.nique has its unique advantages and limitations,and the selec.ion of a suitable 3D printing tec.nique is highly dependent on its intended *** this review paper,we present and highlight some of the c.itic.l proc.sses(printing parameters,build orientation,build loc.tion,and support struc.ures),material(batc.-to-batc. c.nsistenc.,rec.c.ing,protein adsorption,bioc.mpatibility,and degradation properties),and regulatory c.nsiderations(sterility and mec.anic.l properties)for 3D printing of personalized medic.l *** goal of this review paper is to provide the readers with a good understanding of the various key c.nsiderations(proc.ss,material,and regulatory)in 3D printing,whic. are c.itic.l for the fabric.tion of improved patient-spec.fic.3D printed medic.l devic.s and tissue c.nstruc.s.

关键词： 3D printing Bioprinting Biofabric.tion Medic.l devic.s Tissue c.nstruc.s

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Supramolec.lar c.emistry of Oligoamides and Polyamides: Synergism, Gelation, Self-Sorting and Sensing

Supramolecular Chemistry of Oligoamides and Polyamides: Syne...

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2018年海峡两岸暨港澳高分子液晶态与超分子有序结构学...

作者：周克勋 K.-N.Lau Z.Ke S.-L.Yim J.Zhang c.-f.ng c.-f.Leung H.-Z.Wang K.Zheng Department of c.emistry Center of Novel Functional Molecules and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials The Chinese University of Hong Kong

＜正＞In this presentation we will disc.ss the synthesis and self-assembling properties of oligoamide and polyamide molec.les. Examples will be given to show how the degree of oligo-/polymerization, side-c.ain effec., monomer orientation and bac.bone rigidity on their self-assoc.ation properties whic. are manifested in their differential gelation power, anion binding and self-sorting c.pabilities.

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Stability and Generalization of Hypergraph c.llaborative Networks

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Mac.ine Intelligenc. Researc. 2024年第1期21卷 184-196页

作者： Mic.ael K.ng Hanrui Wu Andy Yip Institute of Data Sc.enc. The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Mathematic. The University of Hong KongHong KongChina c.llege of Information Sc.enc. and Tec.nology Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Graph neural networks have been shown to be very effec.ive in utilizing pairwise relationships ac.oss ***,there have been several suc.essful proposals to generalize graph neural networks to hypergraph neural networks to exploit more c.m-plex *** partic.lar,the hypergraph c.llaborative networks yield superior results c.mpared to other hypergraph neural net-works for various semi-supervised learning *** c.llaborative network c.n provide high quality vertex embeddings and hyperedge embeddings together by formulating them as a joint optimization problem and by using their c.nsistenc. in rec.nstruc.ing the given *** this paper,we aim to establish the algorithmic.stability of the c.re layer of the c.llaborative network and provide generaliz--ation *** analysis sheds light on the design of hypergraph filters in c.llaborative networks,for instanc.,how the data and hypergraph filters should be sc.led to ac.ieve uniform stability of the learning *** experimental results on real-world datasets are presented to illustrate the theory.

关键词： Hypergraphs vertic.s hyperedges c.llaborative networks graph c.nvolutional neural networks(c.Ns) stability generalization guarantees

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Perspec.ives in human brain plastic.ty sparked by glioma invasion:from intraoperative(re)mappings to neural rec.nfigurations

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2024年第5期19卷 947-948页

作者： Sam ng Hugues Duffau Guillaume Herbet Department of Neurosurgery Gui de Chauliac HospitalMontpellier University Medical CenterMontpellierFrance Institute of func.ional Genomic. University of MontpellierCNRSINSERMMontpellierFrance Praxiling Laboratory UMR5267CNRSPaul Valéry-Montpellier 3 UniversityMontpellierFrance

Exploring the aptitude of the human brain to c.mpensate func.ional c.nsequenc.s of a lesion damaging its struc.ural arc.itec.ure is a key c.allenge to improve patient c.re in various neurologic.l diseases,to optimize neurosc.entific.lly-informed strategies of postlesional rehabilitation,and ultimately to develop innovative neuro-regenerative *** term‘plastic.ty’,initially referring to the intrinsic.propensity of neurons to modulate their synaptic.transmission in a learning situation,was progressively transposed to brain injury researc. and c.inic.l ***,in the event of brain damage,adaptive mec.anisms of c.mpensation allow a partial reshaping of the struc.ure and ac.ivities of the c.ntral nervous system,thus permitting to some extent the maintenanc. of brain func.ions.

关键词： plastic.ty figuration c.nsequenc.s

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Defined hydrogels for spinal c.rd organoids:c.allenges and potential applic.tions

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2024年第11期19卷 2329-2330页

作者： Wai Hon c.ooi Yuewen Wu Shi-Yan ng Institute of Molec.lar and c.ll Biology(IMc.) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore(NUS)SingaporeSingapore

Organoids of the c.ntral nervous system,primarily derived from pluripotent stem c.lls or neural stem c.lls,are three-dimensional tissue c.ltures with self-organizing *** exposed to the right c.mbinations of signals,they differentiate into a 3D tissue c.nsisting of c.mplex c.toarc.itec.ure and native c.ll types,inc.uding various neuron subtypes and glial *** features c.osely mimic.native tissues,making them invaluable for developmental studies and disease *** rec.nt years,spinal c.rd organoids(Sc.s)have been developed to investigate spinal c.rd development,injuries,and various neurologic.l *** an integral part of the c.ntral nervous system,Sc.s play a vital role and serve as a site for studying both neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： properties injuries primarily

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Mg/MgO interfac.s as effic.ent hydrogen evolution c.thodes c.using ac.elerated c.rrosion of additive manufac.ured Mg alloys:A DfT analysis

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 110-119页

作者： Man-fai ng Kai Xiang Kuah Tec. Leong Tan Daniel John Blac.wood Department of Materials Sc.enc.&Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117575Republic of Singapore Institute of High Performanc. c.mputing(IHPc. Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A∗STAR)1 Fusionopolis Way#16-16 ConnexisSingapore 138632Republic of Singapore

The c.rrosion rates of additive-manufac.ured Mg alloys are higher than their as-c.st c.unterparts,possibly due to inc.eased kinetic. for the hydrogen evolution reac.ion on sec.ndary phases,whic. may inc.ude oxide *** Kelvin Probe forc. Mic.osc.py demonstrated that MgO inc.usions c.uld ac. as c.thodes for Mg c.rrosion,but their low c.nduc.ivity likely prec.udes ***,the density of state c.lc.lations through density func.ional theory using hybrid HSE06 func.ional revealed overlapping elec.ronic.states at the Mg/MgO interfac.,whic. fac.litates elec.ron transfers and partic.pates in redox *** determination of the hydrogen absorption energy at the Mg/MgO interfac. reveals it to be an exc.llent c.talytic.site,with HER being found to be a fac.or of 23x more effic.ent at the interfac. than on metallic.*** results not only support the plausibility of the Mg/MgO interfac. being an effec.ive c.thode to the adjac.nt anodic.Mg matrix during c.rrosion but also c.ntribute to the understanding of the enhanc.d c.thodic.ac.ivities observed during the anodic.dissolution of magnesium.

关键词： Magnesium Magnesium oxide Interfac. Hydrogen evolution DfT

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Advanc.s of mac.ine learning in materials sc.enc.: Ideas and tec.niques

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frontiers of physic. 2024年第1期19卷 155-194页

作者： Sue Sin c.ong Yi Sheng ng Hui-Qiong Wang Jin-c.eng Zheng Department of New Energy Sc.enc. and Engineering Xiamen University MalaysiaSepang 43900Malaysia Engineering Researc. c.nter of Mic.o-nano Optoelec.ronic.Materials and Devic.s Ministry of EducationFujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and ApplicationsCI Center for OSEDand Department of PhysicsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

In this big data era, the use of large dataset in c.njunc.ion with mac.ine learning (ML) has been inc.easingly popular in both industry and ac.demia. In rec.nt times, the field of materials sc.enc. is also undergoing a big data revolution, with large database and repositories appearing everywhere. Traditionally, materials sc.enc. is a trial-and-error field, in both the c.mputational and experimental departments. With the advent of mac.ine learning-based tec.niques, there has been a paradigm shift: materials c.n now be sc.eened quic.ly using ML models and even generated based on materials with similar properties;ML has also quietly infiltrated many sub-disc.plinary under materials sc.enc.. However, ML remains relatively new to the field and is expanding its wing quic.ly. There are a plethora of readily-available big data arc.itec.ures and abundanc. of ML models and software;The c.ll to integrate all these elements in a c.mprehensive researc. proc.dure is bec.ming an important direc.ion of material sc.enc. researc.. In this review, we attempt to provide an introduc.ion and referenc. of ML to materials sc.entists, c.vering as muc. as possible the c.mmonly used methods and applic.tions, and disc.ssing the future possibilities.

关键词： mac.ine learning materials sc.enc.

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Modelling the water diversion of a sustainable c.ver system under humid c.imates

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Journal of Roc. Mec.anic. and Geotec.nic.l Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2429-2440页

作者： Haowen Guo c.arles Wang Wai ng Qi Zhang c.uanxiang Qu Liwen Hu Shenzhen Researc. Institute of Hong Kong University of Sc.enc. and Tec.nology Shenzhen518057China Department of c.vil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SAR999077China c.c. fourth Harbor Engineering Institute c.. LtdGuangzhou510230China

Extreme rainfall signific.ntly threatens the safety of the landfill c.ver system,espec.ally under humid *** study aims to provide design rec.mmendations for a sustainable landfill c.ver system c.nsisting of a low-permeability soil layer underlying a two-layer c.pillary barrier for humid ***,the numeric.l bac.-analysis was c.nduc.ed for verific.tion against a series of flume model ***,a parametric.study was performed to investigate the effec.s of inc.ination angle,partic.e size and layer thic.ness on the lateral diversion length(DL)of the three-layer c.ver system under the 100-year return period rainfall of humid *** results show that the water lateral DL of the c.ver system c.n be greatly enhanc.d by inc.easing the inc.ination angle from 3to 18.Moreover,the bottom layer of the c.ver system with a c.arser d10 was more susc.ptible to the impac. of the heavy rainfall,while this c.n be alleviated by inc.easing the thic.ness of the bottom layer.A dimensionless number,defined as the ratio of thic.ness and d10 of the bottom layer,is proposed for designing lateral diversion of the three-layer c.ver system under humid *** preserve the maximum DL,it is suggested that the proposed dimensionless number should be larger than 95 and 110 for the design of rainfall events with 50-year and 100-year return periods for humid c.imates,respec.ively.

关键词： Unsaturated soil Rec.c.ing c.nstruc.ion waste Three-layer landfill c.ver Water infiltration

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Three-year field study on grass growth and soil hydrologic.l properties in bioc.ar-amended soil

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Journal of Roc. Mec.anic. and Geotec.nic.l Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2764-2774页

作者： Haowen Guo c.arles Wang Wai ng Junjun Ni Qi Zhang Yuc.en Wang Department of c.vil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Sc.ool of Transportation Southeast UniversityNanjingChina

field monitoring was c.nduc.ed to investigate and quantify the long-term effec.s of peanut shell bioc.ar on soil-grass interac.ion over three *** 10 m5 m grassed plots were c.nstruc.ed in c.mpletely dec.mposed granitic.*** of them were amended,respec.ively,with 5%and 10%bioc.ar c.ntents(m3/m3)for grass growth,while the third was without bioc.ar *** the threeyear monitoring,plant c.arac.eristic.,saturated water permeability(ks)of grassed soil and soil suc.ion were *** monitored results show that the grass leaf area index(LAI)and root length density(RLD)with bioc.ar amendment were improved by 38%and 200%,*** the grassed plot without bioc.ar,a threshold RLD existed with a value of 1.7 c./c.3,beyond whic. ks raised *** threshold RLD inc.eased by 52%when bioc.ar c.ntent inc.eased from 0%to 10%.This implies that bioc.ar may restric. the inc.ease in ks of grassed soil due to the rise in the threshold *** presenc. of bioc.ar and grass c.n retain over 100%higher suc.ion after heavy rainfalls,while 54%lower peak suc.ion under evapotranspiration(ET)c.mpared with the non-amended *** c.n alleviate the negative effec.s on hydraulic.properties c.used by plant growth and reduc. ET-induc.d exc.ssive water loss.A 5%peanut shell bioc.ar c.ntent is rec.mmended for the long-term management of vegetated earthen infrastruc.ures.

关键词： Soil-grass interac.ion Bioc.ar Long-term Water infiltration Soil drying

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