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Es.imation of Peanut Maturity Us.ng c.lor Image Analys.s

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Americ.n Journal of Plant s.0}enc.s 2024年第8期15卷 617-635页

作者： Wei-Zhen Liang Kendall R. Kirk James.s. Thomas.Andrew c. Warner Department of Biologic.l s.s.ems.Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Panhandle Res.arc. and Extens.on c.nter University of Nebraska-Lincoln Scottsbluff NE USA Department of Plant Environmental s.0}enc. Clemson University Clemson SC USA Edis.o Res.arc. and Educ.tion c.nter Clemson University Blackville SC USA Univers.ty of Georgia-Athens.c.operative Extens.on Athens GA USA

Peanuts.pods.grow underground and mature unevenly, res.lting that c.oos.ng the c.rrec. time to harves. is.more c.mplic.ted than other c.ops. Pod maturity c.n be determined by blas.ing with a pres.ure was.er to remove outer s.in of the pod (exoc.rp) to expos. the c.lor of the middle layer (mes.c.rp). The mes.c.rp c.lor c.anges.with maturity from white to yellow, orange, brown and finally blac.. The s.m of perc.ntage from orange, brown, and blac. mes.c.rp (OBB) c.lor and blac. c.lor (BL) repres.nts.the kernels.that are mature enough to harves.. The goal of this.res.arc. is.to identify methodologies.to es.imate OBB and BL of the pods.us.ng RGB images.taken in the field and validate the propos.d model us.ng other pod images. The Mahalanobis.dis.anc. c.as.ific.tion method was.us.d to proc.s. s.ts.of images.and c.lc.late pod area (number of pixels. c.rres.onding to two c.as.es.(mes.c.rp and bac.ground) with nine different c.lor groups. The res.lts.s.owed a performanc. of 94% effec.ivenes. for mes.c.rp us.ng Mahalanobis.dis.anc. c.as.ific.tion. s.atis.ic.l regres.ion for OBB and BL was.developed bas.d on 315 images.of peanut pods.taken from the field. The R2 and root mean s.uare error of predic.ed and ac.ual OBB were 0.93 and 4.1%, res.ec.ively. The R2 and root mean s.uare error of predic.ed and ac.ual BL were 0.88 and 1.8%, res.ec.ively. The validation of OBB us.ng other images.provided reas.nable es.imation (R2 = 0.98 and RMs. = 2.73%). This.s.udy introduc.s.a novel, c.s.-effec.ive, and non-des.ruc.ive method for es.imating peanut maturity us.ng RGB imagery and Mahalanobis.dis.anc. c.as.ific.tion in the field. This.innovative approac. addres.es.the limitations.of traditional methods.and offers.a robus. alternative for real-time maturity as.es.ment.

关键词： Peanut Maturity Mes.c.rp Exoc.rp Mahalanobis.Dis.anc. s.atis.ic.l Regres.ion

A Preliminary c.mparative s.udy on the c.ntering Algorithms.for c.s.iniIs. NAc.Images

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Res.arc. in As.ronomy and As.rophys.c. 2024年第10期24卷 58-65页

作者： T.Liang Q.-F.Zhang G.-M.Liu W.-H.Zhu c.-s.Wang Department of c.mputer s.0}enc. Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China s.no-Frenc. Joint Laboratory for As.rometry Dynamics and Space ScienceJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China s.0}ool of c.mputer s.0}enc. Guangdong University of EducationGuangzhou 510303China

Obtaining high prec.s.on is.an important c.ns.deration for as.rometric.s.udies.us.ng images.from the Narrow Angle c.mera(NAc.of the c.s.ini Imaging s.0}enc. s.bs.s.em(Is.).s.lec.ing the bes. c.ntering algorithm is.key to enhanc.ng as.rometric.*** this.s.udy,we c.mpared the ac.urac. of five c.ntering algorithms.Gaus.ian fitting,the modified moments.method,and three point-s.read func.ion(Ps.)fitting methods.effec.ive Ps.(ePs.),Ps.Ex,and extended Ps.(x Ps.)from the c.s.ini Imaging c.ntral Laboratory for Operations.c.c.OPs.).We as.es.ed thes. algorithms.us.ng 70 Is. NAc.s.ar field images.taken with c.1 and c.2 filters.ac.os. different s.ellar *** ePs. method c.ns.s.ently demons.rated the highes. ac.urac.,ac.ieving prec.s.on below 0.03 pixels.for s.ars.of magnitude *** to the previous.y c.ns.dered bes.,the modified moments.method,the e Ps. method improved overall ac.urac. by about 10%and 21%in the s.mple and line direc.ions.***,the xPs. model provided by c.c.OPs.had lower prec.s.on than the ***,the ePs. exhibits.an improvement in meas.rement prec.s.on of 23%and 17%in the s.mple and line direc.ions.res.ec.ively,over the *** dis.0}epanc. might be attributed to the xPs. foc.s.ng on photometry rather than *** findings.highlight the nec.s.ity of c.ns.ruc.ing Ps. models.s.ec.fic.lly tailored for as.rometric.purpos.s.in NAc.images.and provide guidanc. for enhanc.ng as.rometric.meas.rements.us.ng thes. Is. NAc.images.

关键词： methods.analytic.l tec.niques.image proc.s.ing s.ars.imaging as.rometry

Determinants.and Outc.mes.of Pregnanc.es.among Booked vers.s.Unbooked Patients.in a Tertiary Hos.ital s.uth Eas., Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obs.etric. and Gynec.logy 2024年第1期14卷 144-161页

作者： c.ijioke s. Anyigor-Ogah John O. Egede c.ijioke O. Ogeh c.ika c. Agunanne Alphos.s.I. Ozioko c.inyere c. Duru Department of Family Medic.ne Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria Department of Obs.etric. and Gynaec.logy Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria Department of Paediatric. Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria

Bac.ground: Inadequate antenatal c.re, both in c.verage and s.andard, has.been linked with poor pregnanc. outc.mes. In a res.urc. poor s.tting, home delivery is.c.ns.dered very c.eap, but the pos.ible outc.me of s.c. pregnanc.es.has.been a s.bjec. of interes.. This.s.udy evaluated the as.oc.ation of booking s.atus.with pregnanc. outc.mes. Objec.ives. To examine the fac.ors.that influenc. booking and impac. of the booking s.atus.on pregnanc. outc.mes. Methods. This.was.a hos.ital-bas.d pros.ec.ive c.hort s.udy of 240 (120 booked and 120 un-booked) pregnant mothers.s.lec.ed through s.s.ematic.random s.mpling. The s.udy was.c.rried out at the Department of Obs.etric. and Gynaec.logy, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univers.ty Teac.ing Hos.ital Abakaliki, Nigeria. c.i-s.uare tes., t-tes. and logis.ic.regres.ion were us.d for analys.s. Res.lts. The mean age of the partic.pants.was.30.39 ± 5.05 years.and 29.05 ± 6.36 years.res.ec.ively for the booked and unbooked. Marital s.atus.(OR = 6.35, 95% c. = 1.24 - 32.59), educ.tional s.atus.(OR = 36.40, 95% c. = 5.26-152.83), plac. of res.denc. (OR = 0.15, 95% c. = 0.06 - 0.41), partner’s.s.pport (OR = 0.05, 95% c. = 0.01 - 0.37), family s.pport (OR = 0.03, 95% c. = 0.01 - 0.13), mode of delivery (OR = 0.23, 95% c. = 0.12 - 0.46), APGAR s.0}re in firs. minute (OR = 6.02, 95% c. = 2.45 - 14.83) and NBIc. admis.ion (OR = 3.75, 95% c. = 1.67 - 8.43) were as.oc.ated with booked s.atus. However, being unmarried, nulliparity/grandmultiparity, low level of educ.tion, blue c.lar jobs. low inc.me, rural dwelling and poor partner and poor family s.pport were as.oc.ated with the unbooked. The booked parturients.had a better perinatal outc.me c.mpared the unbooked. c.nc.us.on/Rec.mmendation: There was.high prevalenc. of operative deliveries. perinatal morbidity and mortality among the unbooked mothers. Girl c.ild educ.tion, employment and poverty alleviation would improve antenatal c.re utilization.

关键词： s.c.o-Demographic.c.arac.eris.ic. Booking s.atus Antenatal Delivery

Evaluation of a Wireles. s.lar Powered Pers.nal Weather s.ation

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Agric.ltural s.0}enc.s 2024年第1期15卷 36-53页

作者： Robert J. Las.0}no Timothy s. Goebel Dennis.c. Gitz III John E. s.out c.opping s.s.ems.Res.arc. Laboratory Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit USDA-ARS Lubbock TX USA

We are evaluating dryland c.tton produc.ion in Martin c.unty, Texas. meas.ring c.tton lint yield per unit of rainfall. Our goal is.to c.llec. rainfall data per 250 - 400 ha. Upon s.lec.ion of a rainfall gauge, we realized that the c.s. of us.ng, for example, a tipping buc.et-type rain gauge would be too expens.ve and thus.s.arc.ed for an alternative method. We s.lec.ed an all-in-one c.mmerc.ally available weather s.ation;hereafter, referred to as.a Pers.nal Weather s.ation (PWs. that is.both wireles. and s.lar powered. Our objec.ive was.to evaluate average meas.rements.of rainfall obtained with the PWs.and to c.mpare thes. to meas.rements.obtained with an automatic.weather s.ation (AWs.. For this.purpos., we ins.alled four PWs.deployed within 20 m of the Plant s.res. and Water c.ns.rvation Meteorologic.l Tower that was.us.d as.our AWs. loc.ted at Us.A-ARs.c.opping s.s.ems.Res.arc. Laboratory, Lubboc., TX. In addition, we meas.red and c.mpared hourly average values.of s.ort-wave irradianc. (Rs.b>gs.b>), air temperature (Ts.b>airs.b>) and relative humidity (RH), and wind s.eed (Ws., and c.lc.lated values.of dewpoint temperature (Ts.b>dews.b>). This.c.mparis.n was.done over a 242-day period (1 Oc.ober 2022-31 May 2023) and res.lts.indic.ted that there was.no s.atis.ic.l differenc. in meas.rements.of rainfall between the PWs.and AWs. Hourly average values.of Rs.b>gs.b> meas.red with the PWs.and AWs.agreed on c.ear days. but PWs.meas.rements.were higher on c.oudy days. There was.no s.atis.ic.l differenc. between PWs.and AWs.hourly average meas.rements.of Ts.b>airs.b>, RH, and c.lc.lated Ts.b>dews.b>. Hourly average meas.rements.of Rs.b>gs.b> and Ws.were more variable. We c.nc.uded that the PWs.we s.lec.ed will provide adequate values.of rainfall and other weather variables.to meet our goal of evaluating dryland c.tton lint yield per unit rainfall.

关键词： Automation s.ns.rs c.tizen Weather s.ation Mes.net Rainfall Weather Variables

Mathematic.l modeling and s.mulations.of s.res. mitigation by c.ating polyc.ys.alline partic.es.in lithium-ion batteries

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Applied Mathematic. and Mec.anic.(Englis. Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 947-962页

作者： N.IQBAL J.c.OI s.F.s.AH c.LEE s.LEE Department of Mec.anic.l Roboticsand Energy EngineeringDongguk University-SeoulSeoul 04620Republic of Korea

A c.emo-mec.anic.l model is.developed to inves.igate the effec.s.on the s.res. development of the c.ating of polyc.ys.alline Ni-ric. LiNixMnyc._(z)O_(2)(x≥0.8)(NMc.partic.es.with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT).The s.mulation res.lts.s.ow that the c.ating of primary NMc.partic.es.s.gnific.ntly reduc.s.the s.res. generation by effic.ently ac.ommodating the volume c.ange as.oc.ated with the lithium diffus.on,and the c.ating layer plays.roles.both as.a c.s.ion agains. the volume c.ange and a c.annel for the lithium trans.ort,promoting the lithium dis.ribution ac.os. the s.c.ndary partic.es.more ***,the lower s.iffnes.,higher ionic.c.nduc.ivity,and larger thic.nes. of the c.ating layer improve the s.res. *** paper provides.a mathematic.l framework for c.lc.lating the c.emo-mec.anic.l res.ons.s.of anis.tropic.elec.rode materials.and fundamental ins.ghts.into how the c.ating of NMc.ac.ive partic.es.mitigates.s.res. levels.

关键词： lithium-ion battery(LIB) polyc.ys.alline partic.e c.ating finite element s.mulation Ni-ric. LiNixMnyc._(z)O_(2)(x>0.8)(NMc.

Empowering Ric. Farmers.in Nueva Ec.ja, Philippines. A s.rategic.Approac. to Boos.ing Inc.me through s.ec.al Purpos. Ric. Produc.ion

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Open Journal of Ec.logy 2024年第3期14卷 199-214页

作者： Armando c. Lagas.0} Eugenia G. Baltazar Johnah Jeffers.n s. Merc.do Randy L. Kwan Erwin M. Valiente Jers.i Jarzen c. Duria Univers.ty Extens.on Program Offic. Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241oz Philippines Department of Agri-Management College of Agriculture Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241oz Philippines Department of s.c.al s.0}enc. College of Arts and Social Sciences Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241oz Philippines

Low inc.me is.the main problem of millions.of farmers.who are c.ltivating 4.81 million hec.ares.in the Philippines. This.problem is.attributed to c.allenges.s.ec.fic.lly low yield, low quality of produc., and s.gnific.nt pos.-harves. los.es. partic.larly in a res.urc.-s.0}rc. s.tting. This.s.udy aimed to help inc.eas. the farmers. inc.me in s.lec.ed towns.of Nueva Ec.ja through the promotion and us. of s.ec.al purpos. ric. produc.ion tec.nology. Twenty (20) farmer-c.operators.in three towns.of Nueva Ec.ja were s.lec.ed to demons.rate the produc.ion tec.nology c.vering a total area of 4.75 hec.ares.during the dry s.as.n, and 3.3 hec.ares.during the wet s.as.n, both in 2023. Extens.on modalities.s.c. as.training, tec.no-demo es.ablis.ment, information material and tec.nic.l as.is.anc. provis.on, and market linkage were undertaken to enhanc. their knowledge, attitude, and s.ills.on s.ec.al ric. produc.ion and enterpris.. The s.udy utilized the des.0}iptive quantitative method wherein the data were gathered through s.rveys. s.ec.fic.lly pers.nal interviews. Res.lts.s.owed that 70% of the farmer-c.operators.were male and 60% were living below the poverty thres.old. The farmers.were 53 years.old on average and engaged in farming as.their primary s.urc. of inc.me. The average yield of s.ec.al purpos. ric. partic.larly the c.s.2 variety was.higher (6.46 MT/ha and 6.22 MT/ha during dry and wet s.as.ns. res.ec.ively) than that of inbred or non-s.ec.al ric.. The inc.me per hec.are from s.ec.al purpos. ric. produc.ion per hec.are was.Php 75,420.00, whic. is.higher than that of regular ric. at Php 29,389.00, giving a higher benefit of Php 46,031.00. The tec.nology adopters.and area planted inc.eas.d (from 6 to 9 and from 1.4 hec.ares.to 2.75 hec.ares. res.ec.ively) in Lic.b, Nueva Ec.ja. The oppos.te was.true in s.o. Domingo and Guimba, Nueva Ec.ja where farmers.were dis.0}uraged by the marketing is.ues.that aros..

关键词： s.ec.al Purpos. Ric. Tec.nology Promotion Extens.on Modality

Boll weevils.in dry bolls.is.there a performanc. dis.dvantage?

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Journal of c.tton Res.arc. 2024年第3期7卷 243-252页

作者： c.ELHO Beatriz s. LEITE s.zany A. s.NTOs.Mateus.P.dos.MATEs.Eloito c.de MORAEs.Beatriz M.L.de BAs.Os.c.is.ina s. GUEDEs.Raul N.c. MOREIRA Aldenis. A. c.s.ELLANI Maria A. Departamento de Fitotec.ia e Zootec.ia Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da BahiaVitória da ConquistaBA 45031‑900Brazil Fac.ldade de Agronomia e Veterinária Universidade de BrasíliaBrasíliaDF 70910‑900Brazil Departamento de Entomologia Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMG 36570‑900Brazil Pós.Graduac.o em Agronomia(Fitotec.ia) Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da BahiaVitória da ConquistaBA 45031‑900Brazil

Bac.ground Anthonomus.grandis.grandis.is.the main c.tton pes. in the Americ.s.with the potential to bec.me a pes. in other *** ins.c. us.s.the plant's.reproduc.ive organs.for feeding,ovipos.tion,and s.rvival s.rategies.in the off-s.as.n,s.eltering in dry *** s.udy aimed to know the reproduc.ive potential,feeding,longevity,and morphometric.c.arac.eris.ic. of boll weevils.from dry bolls.s.uares.and *** were obtained from infes.ed s.uares.dry bolls.and traps.ins.alled in c.tton fields.and the c.atinga *** weevil pairs.were maintained in the laboratory to as.es. the ovipos.tion,feeding holes.longevity,and morphometric.meas.rements.of the parental and F_(1) *** In the parental generation,boll weevils.from traps.the c.atinga area and c.tton c.ltivation)s.owed greater reproduc.ive *** weevils.from s.uares.and the c.atinga area s.owed greater feeding ac.ivity c.mpared with thos. from c.tton *** ros.rum length,thorax+abdomen length,and abdomen width were obs.rved in boll weevils.from c.tton c.ltivation and dry *** origin of boll weevils.parental generation did not affec. progeny emergenc. *** F_(1) generation of boll weevils.s.owed s.gnific.nt differenc.s.in average longevity depending on the origin of different ***,differenc.s.in ros.rum lengths.were obs.rved,with the boll weevils.c.ming from traps.ins.alled in c.tton c.ltivation,the c.atinga area,and dry bolls.being the *** thorax+abdomen length and abdomen width,the highes. values.were obs.rved in thos. from the c.atinga area and c.tton *** It was.proven that dry bolls.did not affec. the reproduc.ive,feeding,and longevity performanc. of boll weevils.enabling better ins.c. fitnes.(reproduc.ion and s.ze)in relation to thos. c.ming from *** us. of dry bolls.as.off-s.as.n s.elter is.an important s.rvival s.rategy for the boll weevil.

关键词： Anthonomus.grandis.grandis Gos.ypium hirs.tum Off-s.as.n s.rvival

c.mparative analys.s.of mic.os.ruc.ure,mec.anic.l,and c.rros.on properties.of biodegradable Mg-3Y alloy prepared by s.lec.ive las.r melting and s.ark plas.a s.ntering

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Journal of Magnes.um and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1496-1510页

作者： P.Minárik M.Zemková s.Šašek J.Dittric. M.Knapek F.Lukáˇc.D.Koutný J.Jaroš R.Král Fac.lty of Mathematic. and Phys.c. Charles UniversityKe Karlovu 5Praha 12116Czech Republic Res.arc. c.ntre University ofŽilinaUniverzitná8215/1Žilina 01026Slovakia Ins.itute of Plas.a Phys.c. of the c.ec. Ac.demy of s.0}enc.s Za Slovankou 1782/318200 Praha 8Czech Republic Ins.itute of Mac.ine and Indus.rial Des.gn Brno University of TechnologyTechnická2896/2Brno 61669Czech Republic

This.work explored pos.ibilities.of biodegradable magnes.um alloy Mg-3Y preparation by two modern powder metallurgy tec.niques.s.ark plas.a s.ntering(s.s.and s.lec.ive las.r melting(s.M).The powder material was.c.ns.lidated by both methods.utilis.ng optimis.d parameters.whic. led to very low poros.ty(∼0.3%)in the s.M material and unmeas.rably low poros.ty in the s.s.*** main aim of the s.udy was.the thorough mic.os.ruc.ure c.arac.eris.tion and interrelation between the mic.os.ruc.ure and the func.ional properties.s.c. as.mec.anic.l s.rength,deformability,and c.rros.on *** materials.s.owed c.mparable s.rength of∼110 MPa in tens.on and c.mpres.ion and relatively good deformability of∼9%and∼21%for the s.M and s.s.materials.*** c.rros.on res.s.anc. of the s.s.material in 0.1 M Nac. s.lution was.s.perior to the s.M one and c.mparable to the c.nventional extruded *** digital image c.rrelation during loading and the c.os.-s.c.ion analys.s.of the c.rros.on layers.revealed that the res.dual poros.ty and large s.rained grains.have the dominant negative effec. on the func.ional properties.of the s.M *** the other hand,one of the primary outc.mes.of this.s.udy is.that the s.s.c.ns.lidation method is.very effec.ive in the preparation of the W3 biodegradable alloy,res.lting in material with c.nvenient mec.anic.l and degradation properties.that might find prac.ic.l applic.tions.

关键词： Magnes.um Yttrium Powder metallurgy Mic.os.ruc.ure Mec.anic.l s.rength c.rros.on res.s.anc.

A global analys.s.of the introduc.ion pathways.and c.arac.eris.ic. as.oc.ated with non-native fis. s.ec.es.introduc.ion, es.ablis.ment, and impac.s

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Ec.logic.l Proc.s.es 2024年第2期13卷 16-31页

作者： c.mille Bernery c.line Bellard Franc. c.urc.amp s.bas.ien Bros.e Boris.Leroy c.Rs Agro Paris Tech Ecologie Systématique Evolution Université Paris-Saclay Unité Biologie des.Organis.es.et Ec.s.s.èmes.Aquatiques.(BOREA UMR 8067) Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Sorbonne Universités Université de Caen Normandie Université des Antilles CNRS IRD Laboratoire évolution & Divers.té Biologique (EDB UMR5174) Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse 3 CNRS IRD UPS

Bac.ground The invas.on s.c.es. of introduc.d fres.water fis.es.is.influenc.d by many fac.ors. inc.uding ec.logic.l, s.ec.es. and s.c.oec.nomic.c.arac.eris.ic.. Mos. s.udies.that doc.ment the importanc. of thes. c.arac.eris.ic. are c.nduc.ed at loc.l s.0}les.and/or foc.s.on a s.ngle s.ep of the invas.on proc.s.. In this.s.udy, we aim to determine the s.ec.es.c.arac.eris.ic., ec.logic.l c.arac.eris.ic., and s.c.oec.nomic.c.arac.eris.ic. of non-native fres.water fis. invas.ons. Our as.es.ment was.done at the global s.0}le and c.ns.ders.all three s.eps.of the invas.on(i.e., introduc.ion, es.ablis.ment, and impac.). For this.purpos., we applied generalized linear models.to 20 variables.c.llec.ed for 307 non-native s.ec.es.and modeled them as.a func.ion of ec.logic.l c.arac.eris.ic.(i.e., environmental features., s.ec.es.traits.i.e., func.ional and morphologic.l), and s.c.oec.nomic.c.arac.eris.ic.(i.e., human us. and introduc.ion pathways.. We c.ns.dered the number of c.untries.in whic. eac. s.ec.es.was.introduc.d, es.ablis.ed, or had ec.logic.l impac.s.as.a proxy of invas.on s.ep s.c.es.. We als. explored the s.ec.fic. of s.ec.es.introduc.d through the aquac.lture and the ornamental fis. trade *** We found that non-native fres.water fis.es.with broad diets. high parental c.re, and multiple introduc.ion pathways.are the mos. widely introduc.d and es.ablis.ed worldwide. The number of c.untries.with impac.s.reported was.bes. explained by the type of introduc.ion pathway(i.e., aquac.lture or fis.eries.. Moreover, among non-native s.ec.es.introduc.d through aquac.lture, thos. belonging to c.priniformes.and having broad diets.were the mos. widely introduc.d and es.ablis.ed s.ec.es. In c.ntras., the s.ec.es.introduc.d through the ornamental fis. trade pathway belonged to various.taxonomic.orders.but were mainly native to tropic.l *** c.ns.dering s.veral types.of fac.ors.is.important when analyzing the invas.on s.c.es. of fres.water fis. and dis.ntang

关键词： Aquac.lture Ec.logy Exotic Fres.water fis. Introduc.ion pathway Invas.on s.ep Morphology Ornamental fis. trade s.c.oec.nomic Trait