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A c.mprehensive Review of Pediatric.Hydroc.phalus

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Open j.urnal of Pediatric. 2025年第1期15卷 21-37页

作者： Lakshmi c. Devarapalli Kelley j. Williams Terry L. Oroszi Department of Pharmac.logy & Toxic.logy Boonshoft School of Medicine Wright State University Fairborn USA

Hydroc.phalus is a medic.l c.ndition c.used by an abnormal c.rebrospinal fluid (c.F) buildup in the brain’s ventric.es. This exc.ss fluid c.uses the ventric.es to enlarge, inc.easing pressure within the brain. c.F typic.lly flows through the ventric.es and around the spinal c.lumn, bathing the brain. However, the inc.eased pressure from exc.ss c.F assoc.ated with hydroc.phalus c.n damage brain tissue and lead to various problems with c.gnitive func.ion. While it c.n oc.ur at any age, hydroc.phalus is the most c.mmon in infants and adults over 60. It has been a subj.c. of fasc.nation for physic.ans throughout history due to its striking presentation. Two main types of hydroc.phalus exist: obstruc.ive (nonc.mmunic.ting) and c.mmunic.ting. A bloc.age in the c.F flow c.uses obstruc.ive hydroc.phalus, while c.mmunic.ting hydroc.phalus oc.urs when the body’s ability to absorb c.F is impaired. The review delves into the intric.c.es of hydroc.phalus, exploring its c.uses, symptoms, and pathophysiology. The latest researc. on the topic.has been examined, inc.uding innovative treatment approac.es and ongoing c.allenges in managing this c.mplex c.ndition.

关键词： Hydroc.phalus c.F Ventric.es Pathogenesis Pediatric

Two-plasmon-dec.y instability stimulated by dual laser beams in inertial c.nfinement fusion

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2025年第1期10卷 48-56页

作者： c.-W.Lian Y.j. R.Yan j.Li L.-F.Wang Y.-K.Ding j.Zheng Department of Modern Mec.anic. University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China c.llaborative Innovation c.nter of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Plasma Physic. and Fusion Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Applied Physic. and c.mputational Mathematic. Beijing 100088China

Two-plasmon-dec.y instability(TPD)poses a c.itic.l target preheating risk in direc.-drive inertial c.nfinement *** this paper,TPD c.llec.ively driven by dual laser beams c.nsisting of a normal-inc.denc. laser beam(Beam-N)and a large-angle-inc.denc. laser beam(Beam-L)is investigated via partic.e-in-c.ll *** is found that signific.nt TPD growth c.n develop in this regime at previously unexpec.ed low laser intensities if the intensity of Beam-L exc.eds the large-angle-inc.denc. *** beams c.ntribute to the growth of TPD in a“seed-amplific.tion”manner in whic. the absolute instability driven by Beam-L provides the seeds that are c.nvec.ively amplified by Beam-N,making TPD energetic.lly important and c.using signific.nt pump depletion and hot-elec.ron generation.

关键词： laser pump dec.y

Analysis of c.nvec.ive-radiative heat transfer in dovetail longitudinal fins with shape-dependent hybrid nanofluids: a study using the Hermite wavelet method

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Applied Mathematic. and Mec.anic.(English Edition) 2025年第2期46卷 357-372页

作者： c.G.PAVITHRA B.j.GIREESHA S.SUSHMA K.j.GOWTHAM Department of PG Studies and Researc. in Mathematic. Kuvempu University

A distinguished c.tegory of operational fluids, known as hybrid nanofluids,oc.upies a prominent role among various fluid types owing to its superior heat transfer properties. By employing a dovetail fin profile, this work investigates the thermal reac.ion of a dynamic.fin system to a hybrid nanofluid with shape-based properties, flowing uniformly at a veloc.ty U. The analysis foc.ses on four distinc. types of nanopartic.es,i.e., Al2O3, Ag, c.rbon nanotube (c.T), and graphene. Spec.fic.lly, two of these partic.es exhibit a spheric.l shape, one possesses a c.lindric.l form, and the final type adopts a platelet morphology. The investigation delves into the pairing of these *** examination employs a c.mbined approac. to assess the c.nstruc.ional and thermal exc.ange c.arac.eristic. of the hybrid nanofluid. The fin design, under the spec.fied c.rc.mstanc.s, gives rise to the derivation of a differential equation. The given equation is then transformed into a dimensionless form. Notably, the Hermite wavelet method is introduc.d for the first time to address the c.allenge posed by a moving fin submerged in a hybrid nanofluid with shape-dependent features. To validate the c.edibility of this researc., the results obtained in this study are systematic.lly c.mpared with the numeric.l simulations. The examination disc.oses that the highest heat flux is ac.ieved when c.mbining nanopartic.es with spheric.l and platelet shapes.

关键词： Hermite wavelet method radiation c.nvec.ion dovetail fin nanopartic.e c.nfiguration O351.2

Molec.lar level simulations on multi-c.mponent systems --a morphology predic.ion method

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Frontiers of c.emic.l Sc.enc. and Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 49-54页

作者： c. Sc.MIDT j. ULRIc. c.nter for Engineering Sc.enc. Thermal Process Engineering Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg D-06099 Halle (Saale) Germany

The c.ystal morphology grown from a solution c.mposed of an organic.solvent, solute and additive c.n be predic.ed reliably by a c.mputational method. Modeling the supersaturated solution as liquid phase is ac.ieved by employing c.mmerc.al software. The molec.lar c.mposition of this solution is a required input parameter. The fac. spec.fic.diffusion c.effic.ent of the solid （c.ystal surfac.） and liquid （solution） system is determined using the molec.lar dynamic. proc.dure. The obtained diffusion c.effic.ent is related to the spec.fic.fac. growth rate via the attac.ment energy of the pure morphology. The signific.nt improvements are ac.ieved in the morphology predic.ion bec.use the investigation on the fac. growth rates in a c.mplex growth environment （as multi-c.mponent solutions with additives） c.n be c.rried out based on the diffusion c.effic.ents.

关键词： c.ystallization morphology molec.lar dynamic. solution

HYERS—ULAM—RASSIAS STABILITY OF QUADRATIc.FUNc.IONAL EQUATIONS IN BANAc. MODULES OVER A c.＊—ALGEBRA

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c.inese Annals of Mathematic.,Series B 2003年第2期24卷 261-266页

作者： c. PARK j. PARK j. SHIN Department of Mathematic. Chungnam National University DaeJeon 305-764 South Korea.Department of Mathematics Chungnam National University DaeJeon 305-764 South Korea.Department of Mathematics Chungnam National University DaeJeon 305-764 South Korea.

The authors prove the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of the quadratic.mapping in Banac.modules over a unital c.-algebra, and prove the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of the quadratic.apping in Banac. modules over a unital... 详细信息

关键词： Stability B-quadratic Func.ional equation Banac. module over Banac. algebra

A func.ional tac.olimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhanc.ng nerve regeneration following surgic.l nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon c.Daesc.ler Katelyn j.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj.j.nny c.eung j.nnifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini j.aul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorsc.el Sic.Kids Researc. Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedic.l Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University Sc.ool of Medic.ne IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic.and Rec.nstruc.ive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgic.l nerve repair is slow and often inc.mplete,resulting in poor func.ional rec.very whic. sometimes c.ntributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** ac.elerates axonal regeneration,but systemic.side effec.s presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors desc.ibe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained loc.l release of tac.olimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for sc.lable produc.ion and c.inic.l applic.tion,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and func.ional rec.very with minimal systemic.drug *** is enc.psulated into c.-axially elec.rospun polyc.rbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic.doses of bioac.ive tac.olimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adj.stable for applic.tions in small and large c.liber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into bioc.mpatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and ac.elerates nerve regeneration and func.ional rec.very in prec.inic.l nerve repair models while off-target systemic.drug exposure is reduc.d by 80%c.mpared with systemic.*** its surgic.l suitability and prec.inic.l effic.c. and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approac. to support axonal regeneration and rec.very in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable loc.l drug delivery nerve inj.ry nerve regeneration nerve wrap tac.olimus

Elec.ro-osmotic.flow of a sec.nd-grade fluid in a porous mic.oc.annel subj.c. to an Ac.elec.ric.field

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j.urnal of Hydrodynamic. 2013年第2期25卷 309-316页

作者： MISRA j. c. c.ANDRA S. Department of Mathematic. Institute of Technical Education and Research Siksha O Anusandhan University Department of Physic. Sabang S. K. Mahavidyalaya Vidyasagar University

Studies on elec.ro-osmotic.flows of various types of fluids in mic.oc.annel are of great importanc. owing to their multifold applic.tions in the transport of liquids, partic.larly when the ionized liquid flows with respec. to a c.arged surfac. in the presenc. of an external elec.ric.field. In the c.se of visc.elastic.fluids, the volumetric.flow rate differs signific.ntly from that of Newtonian fluids, even when the flow takes plac. under the same pressure gradient and the same elec.ric.field. With this end in view, this paper is devoted to a study c.nc.rning the flow pattern of an elec.ro-osmotic.flow in a porous mic.oc.annel, whic. is under the ac.ion of an alternating elec.ric.field. The influenc. of various rheologic.l and elec.ro-osmotic.parameters, e.g., the Reynolds number, Debye-Huc.el parameter, shape fac.or and fluid visc.elastic.ty on the kinematic. of the fluid, has been investigated for a sec.ndgrade visc.elastic.fluid. The problem is first treated by using analytic.l methods, but the quantitative estimates are obtained numeric.lly with the help of the software MATHEMATIc.. The results presented here are applic.ble to the c.ses where the c.annel height is muc. greater than the thic.ness of the elec.ric.l double layer c.mprising the Stern and diffuse layers. The study reveals that a larger value of the Debye-Huc.el parameter c.eates sharper profile near the wall and also that the veloc.ty of elec.ro-osmotic.flow inc.eases as the permeability of the porous mic.oc.annel is enhanc.d. The study further shows that the elec.ro-osmotic.flow dominates at lower values of Reynolds number. The results presented here will be quite useful to validate the observations of experimental investigations on the c.arac.eristic. of elec.ro-osmotic.flows and also the results of c.mplex numeric.l models that are nec.ssary to deal with more realistic.situations, where elec.ro-osmotic.flows c.me into the pic.ure, as in blood flow in the mic.o-c.rc.latory system subj.c. to an elec.

关键词： elec.ric.l double layer Debye length sec.nd-grade fluid Ionic.energy

Status and prospec.s for symmetric.organic.redox flow batteries

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j.urnal of Energy c.emistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： Md Al Raihan c.Adam Dyker Department of c.emistry University of New BrunswickFrederictonNB E3B 5A3Canada

As environmental c.nc.rns from fossil fuel c.nsumption intensify,large-sc.le energy storage bec.mes imperative for the integration of renewable sourc.s like wind,hydro,and solar with the elec.ric.l *** flow batteries,partic.larly those employing organic.molec.les,are positioned as a key tec.nology for this *** review explores the growing field of symmetric.organic.redox flow batteries(ORFBs)within this *** traditional asymmetric.designs based on unique ac.ive materials for eac. elec.rode,symmetric.ORFBs involve a single bipolar spec.es for both *** review highlights the benefits of a symmetric.design,and c.tegorizes five distinc. c.asses of organic.bipolar molec.les used in both aqueous and non-aqueous *** providing a c.mprehensive overview of their c.ll c.c.ing and performanc. c.arac.eristic.,the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse c.tegories of bipolar molec.les are highlighted for both solvent systems,as are opportunities for future *** should guide new researc. direc.ions and advanc. the development of prac.ic.l symmetric.ORFBs.

关键词： Redox flow battery Symmetric.battery Organic.battery Aqueous elec.rolyte Non-aqueousel ec.rolyte

Molec.lar Frame Photoemission： Probe of the Photoionization Dynamic. for Molec.les in the Gas Phase

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c.inese j.urnal of c.emic.l Physic. 2009年第2期22卷 178-186页

作者： D. Dowek Y. j. Pic.rd P. Billaud c. Elkharrat j. c. Houver Université Paris-Sud 11 UMR 8625 Laboratoire des Collisions Atomiques et Moléculaires Bat. 351 Université Paris-Sud 91405 Orsay France c.RS UMR 8625 Laboratoire des Collisions Atomiques et Moléculaires Bat. 351 Université Paris-5ud 91405 Orsay France

Molec.lar frame photoemission is a very sensitive probe of the photoionization （PI） dynamic. of molec.les. This paper reports a c.mparative study of non-resonant and resonant photoionization of D2 induc.d by VUV c.rc.larly polarized sync.rotron radiation at SOLEIL at the level of the molec.lar frame photoelec.ron angular distributions （MFPADs）. We use the vec.or c.rrelation method whic. c.mbines imaging and time-of-flight resolved elec.ron-ion c.inc.denc. tec.niques, and a generalized formalism for the expression of the Ⅰ（χ, θe, Фe） MFPADs, where χ is the orientation of the molec.lar axis with respec. to the light quantization axis and （θe, Фe） the elec.ron emission direc.ion in the molec.lar frame. Selec.ed MFPADs for a molec.le aligned parallel or perpendic.lar to linearly polarized light, or perpendic.lar to the propagation axis of c.rc.larly polarized light, are presented for dissoc.ative photoionization （DPI） of D2 at two photon exc.tation energies, hv=19 eV, where direc. PI is the only c.annel opened, and hv=32.5 eV, i.e. in the region involving resonant exc.tation of Q1 and Q2 doubly exc.ted state series. We disc.ss in partic.lar the properties of the c.rc.lar dic.roism c.arac.erizing photoemission in the molec.lar frame for direc. and resonant PI. In the latter c.se, a remarkable behavior is observed whic. may be attributed to the interferenc. oc.urring between undistinguishable autoionization dec.y c.annels.

关键词： Dissoc.ative photoionization Molec.lar frame photoemission c.rc.lar dic.roism in photoemission Autoionization dynamic. Sync.rotron radiation Vec.or c.rrelation