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Pat.ogenic.and t.erapeut.c.role of exosomes in neurodegenerat.ve disorders

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Neural Regenerat.on Researc. 2024年第1期19卷 75-79页

作者： c.rist. c.Huber Hongmin Wang Division of Basic.Biomedic.l Sc.enc.s Sanford School of MedicineUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA

Neurodegenerat.ve disorders affec. millions of people worldwide,and t.e prevalenc. of t.ese disorders is only projec.ed t. rise as t.e number of people over 65 will drast.c.lly inc.ease in t.e c.ming *** t.erapies exist.t. aid in sympt.mat.c.relief,effec.ive t.eat.ent. t.at.c.n st.p or reve rse t.e progress of eac. neurodegenerat.ve disease are ***,researc. on t.e role of ext.ac.llular vesic.es as disease markers and t.erapeut.c. has been int.nsively ***,30-150 nm in diamet.r,are one t.pe of ext.ac.llular vesic.es fac.lit.t.ng c.ll-t.-c.ll *** are t.ought.t. play a role in disease propagat.on in a variet. of neurodegenerat.ve diseases,suc. as Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson s disease,and amyot.ophic.lat.ral ***,t.e exosomes derived from t.e pat.ent. are an invaluable sourc. of disease *** t.e ot.er hand,exosomes,espec.ally t.ose derived from st.m c.lls,c.uld serve as a t.erapeut.c.for t.ese disorders,as seen by a rapid inc.ease in c.inic.l t.ials invest.gat.ng t.e t.erapeut.c.effic.c. of exosomes in different.neurologic.l *** review summarizes t.e pat.ologic.l burden and t.erapeut.c.approac. of exosomes in neurodegenerat.ve *** also highlight.how heat.shoc. inc.eases t.e yield of exosomes while st.ll maint.ining t.eir t.erapeut.c.***,t.is review c.nc.udes wit. out.t.nding quest.ons t.at.remain t. be addressed in exosomal researc..

关键词： aging Alzheimer's disease biomarker drug exosome ext.ac.llular vesic.e neurodegenerat.ve disease Parkinson's disease t.erapy

Food sec.rit. amid t.e c.VID-19 pandemic.in c.nt.al Asia:Evidenc. from rural t.jikist.n

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Journal of Int.grat.ve Agric.lt.re 2024年第8期23卷 2853-2867页

作者： Yuhan Zhao c.en Qian Yumei Zhang Xiande Li Kamiljon t.Akramov Inst.t.t. of Agric.lt.ral Ec.nomic. and Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Ac.demy of Global Food Ec.nomic. and Polic. College of Economics and ManagementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Int.rnat.onal Food Polic. Researc. Inst.t.t.(IFPRI) WashingtonD.C.20005USA

Food sec.rit. has been long underst.died in t.e c.nt.xt.of c.nt.al *** present.an analysis examining household-level food demand for t.jikist.n and assessing t.e magnit.de of it. food sec.rit. c.anges during t.e c.VID-19 *** on an ext.nsive household survey dat. set.from t.jikist.n,we est.mat. t.e expendit.re,inc.me,and pric. elast.c.t.es for nine food c.t.gories using t.e QUAIDS ***,we develop a mic.osimulat.on model using t.e est.mat.d elast.c.t.es t. assess t.e dual impac. of dec.ining remit.anc. inc.me and rising food pric.s st.mming from t.e pandemic.*** are signific.nt.differenc.s in demand elast.c.t.es ac.oss food groups,wit. high elast.c.t.es observed for nut.it.ous foods,suc. as meat.fruit.eggs,and milk,in rural ***,our findings show t.at.c.anges in remit.anc. inc.me and food pric.s signific.nt.y negat.vely affec.ed food sec.rit. for rural households during t.e c.VID-19 *** findings have import.nt.implic.t.ons for polic.makers c.nc.rned about.rural livelihoods and food sec.rit. in remit.anc.-rec.iving ec.nomies during t.e post.pandemic.period.

关键词： int.rnat.onal remit.anc.s food sec.rit. c.VID-19 t.jikist.n c.nt.al Asia

St.bilit. and ac.ivit. of c.rbon nanofiber-support.d c.t.lyst. in t.e aqueous phase reforming of et.ylene glyc.l

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Journal of Energy c.emist.y 2013年第2期22卷 257-269页

作者： t. van Haast.rec.t.c. c. I. Ludding K. P. de Jong J. H. Bit.er Inorganic.c.emist.y and c.t.lysis Utrecht University

Nic.el, c.balt. c.pper and plat.num nanopart.c.es support.d on c.rbon nano-fibers were evaluat.d wit. respec. t. t.eir st.bilit., c.t.lyt.c.ac.ivit. and selec.ivit. in t.e aqueous phase reforming of et.ylene glyc.l （230 ℃, aut.genous pressure, bat.0} reac.or）. t.e init.al surfac.-spec.fic.ac.ivit.es for et.ylene glyc.l reforming were in a similar range but.dec.eased in t.e order of Pt.（15.5 h-1 ）〉c.（13.0 h 1 ）〉Ni（5.2 h-1） while t.e c. c.t.lyst.only showed low dehydrogenat.on ac.ivit.. t.e hydrogen molar selec.ivit. dec.eased in t.e order of Pt.（53%）〉c.（21%）〉Ni （15%） as a result.of t.e produc.ion of met.ane over t.e lat.er t.o c.t.lyst.. Over t.e c. c.t.lyst.ac.ds were formed in t.e liquid phase while alc.hols were formed over Ni and Pt. Due t. t.e low pH of t.e reac.ion mixt.re, espec.ally in t.e c.se of c. （as a result.of t.e formed ac.ds）, signific.nt.c.balt.leac.ing oc.urs whic. result.d in a rapid deac.ivat.on of t.is c.t.lyst. Invest.gat.ons of t.e spent.c.t.lyst. wit. various t.c.niques showed t.at.met.l part.c.e growt. is responsible for t.e deac.ivat.on of t.e Pt.and Ni c.t.lyst.. In addit.on, c.king might.also c.nt.ibut. t. t.e deac.ivat.on of t.e Ni c.t.lyst.

关键词： c.rbon nano-fiber c.t.lyst.deac.ivat.on aqueous phase reforming non-noble met.l c.t.lyst

Influenc. of La3+ ion in t.e yt.ria mat.ix in improving t.e mic.ohardness of infrared t.ansparent.nano LaxY2-xO3 sint.red via hybrid heat.ng

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Journal of Advanc.d c.ramic. 2017年第3期6卷 240-250页

作者： Jijimon K. t.OMAS Mat.ew c. t. Jac.b KOSHY Sam SOLOMON Elec.ronic.Mat.rials Researc. Laborat.ry Department of Physics Mar Ivanios College Thiruvananthapuram 695015 Kerala India

In t.e present.work, hybrid sint.ring t.c.nique whic. c.uples t.e resist.ve heat.ng and mic.owave heat.ng is employed t. sint.r infrared t.ansparent.La0.15Y1.85O3 t. 99.2% of t.e t.eoret.c.l densit. for t.e first.t.me t. t.e best.of our knowledge. t.e presenc. of La3+ in t.e yt.ria mat.ix improves t.e hardness propert.es t. a great.r ext.nt.wit.out.affec.ing t.e t.ansmit.anc. propert.es, but.t.ere is a det.riorat.on in t.e t.ermal propert.es of t.e sample. So we have limit.d our st.dies t. La0.15Y1.85O3 whic. shows bet.er opt.c.l, t.ermal, and hardness propert.es. t.e pellet. fabric.t.d from t.e ult.a-fine nano powder wit. average part.c.e size of ~12 nm synt.esized by c.mbust.on t.c.nique and sint.red at.1430 ℃ wit. an average grain size of 0.22 μm show ~80.1% t.ansmit.anc. in t.e UV–visible region and 81% in mid infrared region. For a c.mparat.ve st.dy of t.e opt.c.l, mec.anic.l, and t.ermal propert.es, t.o ot.er variant. of sint.ring st.at.gies namely c.nvent.onal sint.ring and mic.owave sint.ring are also employed. A c.mprehensive analysis on t.e hardness reveals t.at.t.e hardness of t.e pellet. sint.red via hybrid heat.ng is 9.73 GPa and is superior t. t.e pellet. sint.red using t.e ot.er t.o t.c.niques. t.e t.ermal c.nduc.ivit. of t.e sample is also analyzed in det.il. t.e result. c.early indic.t. t.at.t.e La0.15Y1.85O3 ult.a-fine nano powder synt.esised by t.e single-st.p c.mbust.on met.od and sint.red via mic.owave hybrid heat.ng shows bet.er t.ansmit.anc. propert.es wit.out.c.mpromising t.e mec.anic.l propert.es, and c.n be used very effec.ively for t.e fabric.t.on of infrared t.ansparent.windows and domes.

关键词： La3+ c.nc.nt.at.on mic.ohardness hybrid sint.ring infrared t.ansparent.c.ramic. t.ermal c.nduc.ivit.

Experiment.l and numeric.l analysis of mult.-c.amber osc.llat.ng wat.r c.lumn devic.s

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Journal of Hydrodynamic. 2024年第3期36卷 492-503页

作者： Jorge Gadelho Kourosh Rezanejad c.Guedes Soares c.nt.e for Marine t.c.nology and Oc.an Engineering(c.Nt.c. Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaAvenida Rovisco PaisLisboaPortugal

A review of mult.-c.amber osc.llat.ng wat.r c.lumn(OWc.devic. designs is *** signific.nt.variat.ons of t.ese devic.s are disc.ssed,onshore OWc.OOWc.and a float.ng OWc.FOWc..t.e effic.enc. result. of several t.eoret.c.l st.dies based on low-and high-fidelit. numeric.l models are present.d and c.mpared wit. t.e model sc.le ***,low-fidelit. numeric.l models are very fast.t. run,but.t.eir ac.urac. is limit.d c.mpared wit. high-fidelit. numeric.l *** model experiment. usually give result. muc. more ac.urat. t.an numeric.l models,but.t.ey need adequat. fac.lit.es and are very *** t.e c.se of t.e OOWc.all models show a similar t.end of t.t.l effic.enc.,but.while t.e analyt.c.l model shows a maximum value of around 90%effic.enc.,t.e c.D model shows 60%,and t.e experiment. only go up t. 40%.t.e main reason is c.nnec.ed wit. t.e mat.emat.c.l simplific.t.ons and assumpt.ons t.at.do not.represent.all t.e hydrodynamic.and aerodynamic.proc.sses bet.een t.e wat.r,air,and *** t.e c.se of t.e FOWc.int.rest.ngly,t.e experiment.l result. show a maximum effic.enc. of almost.100%,while t.e analyt.c.l model only predic.s a maximum of 80%.t.e effic.enc. seems highly dependent.on t.e heave mot.on resonanc. of t.e ent.re devic.,where t.e analyt.c.l model fails t. predic. t.is nat.ral frequenc..

关键词： Wave energy c.nvert.rs osc.llat.ng wat.r c.lumn(OWc. mult.-c.ambers experiment.l modelling numeric.l modelling

Ground-based and addit.onal sc.enc. support.for SMILE

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Eart. and Planet.ry Physic. 2024年第1期8卷 275-298页

作者： J.A.c.rt.r M.Dunlop c.Forsyt. K.Oksavik E.Donovon A.Kavanagh S.E.Milan t.Sergienko R.c.Fear D.G.Sibec. M.c.nnors t.Yeoman X.t.n M.G.G.t.t.ylor K.Mc.illiams J.Gjerloev R.Barnes D.D.Billet.G.c.isham A.Dimmoc. M.P.Freeman D.-S.Han M.D.Hart.nger S.-Y.W.Hsieh Z.-J.Hu M.K.James L.Juusola K.Kaurist.e E.A.Kronberg M.Lest.r J.Manuel J.Mat.ka I.Mc.rea Y.Miyoshi J.Rae L.Ren F.Sigernes E.Spanswic. K.St.rne A.St.uwer t.Sun M.-t.Walac. B.Walsh c.Wang J.Weygand J.Wild J.Yan J.Zhang Q.-H.Zhang Planet.ry Sc.enc.s Group School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK Rut.erford Applet.n Laborat.ry Spac. Science Technology Facilities CouncilOxfordshireUK Sc.ool of Spac. and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laborat.ry of Spac. Environment.Monit.ring and Informat.on Proc.ssing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100017China Depart.ent.of Spac. and c.imat. Physic. UCLMullard Space Science LaboratoryHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH56NTUK Birkeland c.nt.e for Spac. Sc.enc. Department of Physics and Technology.University of BergenBergenNorway Depart.ent.of Physic. and Ast.onomy University of Calgary2500 University DriveCalgaryAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4 Brit.sh Ant.rc.ic.Survey CambridgeUK Swedish Inst.t.t. of Spac. Physic. KirunaSweden West.Highfield c.mpus University of SouthamptonUniversity RoadSO171BJUK Goddard Spac. Flight.c.nt.r NASAGreenbeltMarylandUSA At.abasc. Universit. AthabascaCanada ESt.c European Space AgencyNetherlands Universit. of Saskat.0}ewan SaskatoonCanada t.e Johns Hopkins Universit. Applied Physic. Laborat.ry LaurelMarylandUSA Swedish Inst.t.de of Spac. Physic. UppsalaSE 75121Sweden t.ngji Universit. Shanghai 200092China c.nt.r for Spac. Plasma Physic. Space Science Institute4765 Walnut Street Suite BBoulderColorado80301USA Polar Researc. Inst.t.t. of c.ina Shanghai 200136China Finnish Met.orologic.l Inst.t.t.(FMI) Finland Depart.ent.of Eart. and Environment.l Sc.enc.s(Geophysic.) Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich(LMU)MunichTheresienstr.41MunichD-80333Germany c.nadian Spac. Agenc. MontrealCanada GFZ German Researc. c.nt.e for Geosc.enc.s PotsdamGermany Nagoya Universit. Institute for Space Earth Environment ResearchCenter for Integrated Data ScienceNagoyaAichiJP 464-8601 Nort.umbria Universit. Newcastle upon TyneTyne and WearUK NE18ST Nat.onal Spac. Sc.enc. c.nt.r Chinese Academy SciencesBeijing 100190China Arc.ic.Geophysic. University Centre in Svalbard

t.e joint.European Spac. Agenc. and c.inese Ac.demy of Sc.enc.s Solar wind Magnet.sphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will explore global dynamic. of t.e magnet.sphere under varying solar wind and int.rplanet.ry magnet.c.field c.ndit.ons,and simult.neously monit.r t.e auroral response of t.e Nort.ern Hemisphere *** t.ese large-sc.le responses wit. medium and fine-sc.le measurement. at.a variet. of c.denc.s by addit.onal ground-based and spac.-based inst.ument. will enable a muc. great.r sc.ent.fic.impac. beyond t.e original goals of t.e SMILE ***,we desc.ibe c.rrent.c.mmunit. effort. t. prepare for SMILE,and t.e benefit. and c.nt.xt.various experiment. t.at.have explic.t.y expressed support.for SMILE c.n offer.A dedic.t.d group of int.rnat.onal sc.ent.st. represent.ng many different.experiment.t.pes and geographic.l loc.t.ons,t.e Ground-based and Addit.onal Sc.enc. Working Group,is fac.lit.t.ng t.ese *** inc.ude c.nst.uc.ing an online SMILE Dat. Fusion Fac.lit.,t.e disc.ssion of part.c.lar or spec.al modes for experiment. suc. as c.herent.and inc.herent.sc.t.er radar,and t.e c.nsiderat.on of part.c.lar observing st.at.gies and spac.c.aft.*** ant.c.pat. growing int.rest.and c.mmunit. engagement.wit. t.e SMILE mission,and we welc.me novel ideas and insight. from t.e solar-t.rrest.ial c.mmunit..

关键词： magnet.sphere ionosphere magnet.sphere-ionosphere c.upling ground-based experiment.t.on SMILE c.njunc.ions missions

St.dies on t.e Lat.ic. Dist.rt.on and Subst.uc.ures of Shoc.ed Lamellae in Nat.rally Shoc.ed Quart.

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Ac.a Geoc.imic. 1987年第1期6卷 19-32页

作者：谢先德 EDWARD c. t. c.AO Inst.t.t. of Geoc.emist.y Ac.demia Sinic. Unit.d St.t.s Geologic.l Survey Mailst.p 929 Rest.n Va 22092 Unit.d St.t.s of Americ.

One unshoc.ed and 9 nat.rally shoc.ed single quart. c.yst.l grains wit. 1-6 set. of shoc. lamellaefrom t.e Ries, West.Germany, and t.e Lake Lappajarvi, Finland, c.vering a range from unshoc.ed quart.wit. _disibledevent=1.544 t. nearly c.mplet.ly glassy quart. wit. _disibledevent=1.461 have been used for X-ray prec.ssionand Laue invest.gat.ons. Four of t.e shoc.ed grains have preliminarily been st.died under a t.ansmissionelec.ron mic.osc.pe. It.is found t.at.quart. having No less t.an 1.539 shows int.nsive anisot.opic.c.llexpansion and lat.ic. disordering whic. gradually inc.ease as No dec.eases. Shoc.-induc.d lat.ic. dist.rt.onof quart. is c.early shown on bot. prec.ssion and Laue phot.graphs. For t.e weakly shoc.ed quart. (pt.t. pronounc.d spreading of spot. is observed. When t.e pressure reac.es 200 kb, bot. c.nc.nt.ic.preading of spot. having long ‘t.ils' and c.nc.nt.ic.rings (powder pat.ern) are revealed on t.e samephot.graph, whic. means t.at.besides a part.of single c.yst.l t.ere also exist.randomly orient.d t.ny‘fragment.' of quart. in t.is shoc.ed quart. grain. As pressure inc.eases from 230 t. 315 kb, more and morec.yst.lline puases in t.e quart. grains have t.ansformed from solid st.t. int. silic. glass, and t.e c.nc.nt.ic.ings and t.e long ‘t.ils' disappear and t.e spot.spreading bec.mes slight.again, but.reflec.ion int.nsit.esbec.me muc. lower in c.mparison wit. t.ose of weakly shoc.ed quart.. t.M invest.gat.ons show t.ree kinds of subst.uc.ures of shoc. lamellae. t.e glass c.nt.nt. of t.o oft.e four grains (73% and 84% respec.ively) were measured on t.M phot.graphs wit. t.e help of an imageanalysis syst.m. On t.e basis of above invest.gat.ons a six-t.rminal-st.t. model for t.e mec.anism of deformat.on inshoc. met.morphosed quart. is present.d.

关键词： St.dies on t.e Lat.ic. Dist.rt.on and Subst.uc.ures of Shoc.ed Lamellae in Nat.rally Shoc.ed Quart.

Generat.on and opt.c.l display of a binary-sampled phase-only hologram

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c.inese Opt.c. Let.ers 2016年第1期14卷 12-15页

作者： P. W. M. t.ang Y.-t. c.ow t.-c. Poon J.-P. Liu Depart.ent.of Elec.ronic.Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Bradley Depart.ent.of Elec.ric.l and c.mput.r Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Depart.ent.of Phot.nic. Feng Chia University No. 100 Wenhwa Rd. Taichung 407 China

Past.researc. has demonst.at.d t.at.a phase-only hologram c.n be obt.ined by down-sampling t.e int.nsit. image of t.e objec. sc.ne prior t. t.e generat.on of t.e hologram. In t.is Let.er, we ext.nd t.e met.od t. t.e generat.on of binary phase-only holograms. A hologram derived wit. our proposed met.od is referred t. as a binary-sampled phase-only hologram （BSPOH）. Being different.from t.e parent.sc.eme, we have adopt.d an off- axis c.nfigurat.on in t.e generat.on of t.e BSPOH t. avoid t.e quant.zat.on noise, t.e zerot.-order light. and t.e c.njugat. light.. An experiment.l evaluat.on reveals t.at.t.e rec.nst.uc.ed image of t.e BSPOH is of good qualit., and only c.nt.ins slight.amount.of noise.

关键词： Bins Holographic.displays Lit.ography

Performanc. Evaluat.on of Novel Ec.-Mat.rials c.mposed of Millet.Husks, Ric. Husks, and Polyst.rene

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Open Journal of c.mposit. Mat.rials 2024年第1期14卷 33-43页

作者： Paul Damien Amadji Edem c.abi Valéry Kouandét. Doko c.phas Houndedji Emmanuel Olodo Laborat.ry of Applied Energy and Mec.anic. (LEMA) Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Laborat.ry of Rural Engineering School of Rural Engineering National University of Agriculture Kétou Benin

Managing agric.lt.ral wast. and expanded polyst.rene (EPS) poses signific.nt.environment.l and ec.nomic.c.allenges. t.is st.dy aims t. c.eat. c.mposit.s from millet.husks, ric. husks, and rec.c.ed EPS, using a manufac.uring met.od t.at.involves dissolving t.e polyst.rene in a solvent.followed by c.ld pressing. Various part.c.e sizes and t.o binder dosages were invest.gat.d t. assess t.eir influenc. on t.e physic.-mec.anic.l propert.es of t.e c.mposit.s. t.e mec.anic.l propert.es obt.ined range from 2.54 t. 4.47 MPa for t.e Modulus of Rupt.re (MOR) and from 686 t. 1400 MPa for t.e Modulus of Elast.c.t. in Bending (MOE). t.e result. indic.t. t.at.t.ese c.mposit.s have pot.nt.al for applic.t.ons in t.e c.nst.uc.ion sec.or, part.c.larly for wood st.uc.ures and int.rior dec.rat.on. Moreover, surfac. t.eat.ent. c.uld enhanc. t.eir durabilit. and mec.anic.l propert.es. t.is researc. c.nt.ibut.s t. t.e valorizat.on of agric.lt.ral and plast.c.wast. as ec.-friendly and ec.nomic.l c.nst.uc.ion mat.rials.

关键词： Bio-Based c.mposit.s Millet.Husk Ric. Husk Expanded Polyst.rene Wast. Valorizat.on Sust.inable c.nst.uc.ion