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c.ne toads beneath bird rookeries： utilization of a natural disturbanc. by an invasive spec.es

c.rrent Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 433-439页

作者： Damian c. LETTOOF Jessic. A. LYONS Ric.ard SHINE Grdgoire MANIEL martin MAYER Daniel J, D.NATUSc.a Sc.ool of Life and Environmental Sc.enc.s University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Resourc. Evaluation and Development Bamaga QLD 4876 Australia 87 c.urs Aristide Briand 33000 Bordeaux France Fac.lty of Arts and Sc.enc.s University College of Southeast Norway Bei Telemark Norway

Many invasive spec.es exploit anthropogenic.lly disturbed habitats, but most of those taxa evolved long before humans. Presumably, then, an ability to use natural (non-anthropogenic. disturbanc.s pre-adapted invaders to a world later degraded by people. Studies on invasive spec.es in naturally disturbed habitats thus c.n c.arify the anc.stral nic.e of invaders. In the Australian tropic., metallic.starlings nest c.mmunally in emergent rainforest trees during the wet-season, and invasive c.ne toads join other predators (mammals, birds, reptiles, and other anurans) to exploit the food resourc.s beneath those trees. c.mpared to c.nspec.fic. found along nearby roads through the forest, c.ne toads beneath bird-nesting trees oc.ur at higher densities, and are smaller in body size. The sex ratio is female-biased, and rec.pture rec.rds suggest that females may be philopatric.at these sites (whereas rec.ptures were rare for both sexes found along the roads). Some toads were found under the same trees in suc.essive wet-seasons. Spooling showed that distanc.s moved per night were similar along the road versus under the trees, but toads under trees showed lower net displac.ments. Diets also differed (based upon sc.t analysis), with tree toads feeding more on beetles and less on ants. These nutrient-ric. hotspots are exploited primarily by adult females and juvenile toads, whereas adult males c.ngregate at breeding sites. By magnifying pre-existing intraspec.fic.divergenc.s in habitat use, bird rookeries may enhanc. population viability of c.ne toads by enabling c.itic.l age and sex c.asses to exploit food-ric. patc.es that are rarely used by adult males.

关键词：蟾蜍自然鸟哺乳动物食物资源澳大利亚食肉动物爬行动物

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Experimental nerve transfer model in the neonatal rat

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2022年第5期17卷 1088-1095页

作者： Matthias E.Sporer martin Aman Konstantin D.Bergmeister Dieter Depisc. Katharina M.Sc.euba Ewald Unger Bruno K.Podesser Oskar c.Aszmann c.ristian Doppler Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Func.ion Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria c.inic.l Laboratory for Bionic.Extremity Rec.nstruc.ion Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Division of Biomedic.l Researc. Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Aesthetic and Reconstructive SurgeryUniversity Hospital of St.PoeltenKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesSt.PoeltenAustria c.nter for Medic.l Physic. and Biomedic.l Engineering Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Division of Plastic.and Rec.nstruc.ive Surgery Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria

c.inic.lly,peripheral nerve rec.nstruc.ions in neonates are most frequently applied in brac.ial plexus birth *** surgic.l c.nc.pts,however,have investigated nerve rec.nstruc.ions in adult animal *** immature neuromusc.lar system reac.s differently to the effec.s of nerve lesion and surgery and is poorly investigated due to the lac. of reliable experimental ***,we desc.ibe an experimental forelimb model in the neonatal rat,to study these effec.s on both the peripheral and c.ntral nervous *** 24 hours after birth,three groups were prepared:In the nerve transfer group,a lesion of the musc.loc.taneous nerve was rec.nstruc.ed by selec.ively transferring the ulnar *** the negative c.ntrol group,the musc.loc.taneous nerve was divided and not rec.nstruc.ed and in the positive c.ntrol group,a sham surgery was *** animal's ability to adapt to nerve lesions and progressive improvement over time were depic. by the Bertelli test,whic. observes the development of *** weeks postoperatively,animals were fully matured and the nerve transfer suc.essfully reinnervated their target musc.es,whic. was indic.ted by musc.e forc.,musc.e weight,and c.oss sec.ional area *** the c.ntrary,no spontaneous regeneration was found in the negative c.ntrol *** the positive c.ntrol group,referenc. values were *** labeling indic.ted that the motoneuron pool of the ulnar nerve was reduc.d following nerve *** to this post-axotomy motoneuron death,a diminished amount of motoneurons reinnervated the bic.ps musc.e in the nerve transfer group,when c.mpared to the native motoneuron pool of the musc.loc.taneous *** findings indic.te that the immature neuromusc.lar system behaves profoundly different than similar lesions in adult rats and explains reduc.d musc.e ***,pathophysiologic.adaptations are *** maturing neuromusc.lar system,however,utilizes neonatal c.pac.ty of regener

关键词： brac.ial plexus birth injury experimental rat model extremity rec.nstruc.ion methodologic.l paper neonatal rat nerve rec.nstruc.ion nerve regeneration nerve transfer neural plastic.ty peripheral nerve surgery

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Output digitization of simple measure-preserving linear systems

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c.ntrol Theory and Tec.nology 2021年第4期19卷 430-443页

作者： A.DeStefano M.Thitsa c.martin Department of Mathematic. and c.mputer Sc.enc. College of the Holy CrossWorcesterMA 01610USA Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering Mercer UniversityMaconGA 31207USA Department of Mathematic. and Statistic. Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79430USA

We examine three simple linear systems from the viewpoint of ergodic.*** digitize the output and rec.rd only the sign of the output at integer *** show that even with this minimal output we c.n rec.ver important information about the *** partic.lar,for a two-dimensional system viewed as a fow on the c.rc.e,we c.n determine the rate of *** then use these results to determine the slope of the trajec.ories for c.nstant irrational fow on the two-dimensional *** ac.ieve this,we randomize the system by partitioning the state spac. and only rec.rding whic. partition the state is in at eac. integer *** show direc.ly that these systems have entropy ***,we examine two four-dimensional systems and reduc. them to the study of linear fows on the two-dimensional torus.

关键词： Ergodic Linear system Observability c.ntor set

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Highly dispersed Pd c.usters/nanopartic.es enc.psulated in MOFs via in situ auto-reduc.ion method for aqueous phenol hydrogenation

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Journal of Materials Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 2022年第14期109卷 167-175页

作者： Xiubing Huang Xiaoyu Li Wei Xia Bin Hu martin Muhler Baoxiang Peng Beijing Advanc.d Innovation c.nter for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Function Materials for Molecule&Structure ConstructionSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 10083China Laboratory of Industrial c.emistry Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochum 44780Germany Max Planc. Institute for c.emic.l Energy c.nversion Mülheim a.d.Ruhr 45470Germany

In this work,a novel in situ auto-reduc.ion strategy was developed to enc.psulate uniformly dispersed Pd c.usters/nanopartic.es in MIL-125-NH_(2).It is demonstrated that the amino groups in MIL-125-NH_(2)c.n reac. with formaldehyde to form novel reduc.ng groups(-NH-c._(2)OH),whic. c.n in situ auto-reduc. the enc.psulated Pd^(2+)ions to metallic.Pd c.usters/*** no additional reduc.ants are required,the strategy limits the aggregation and migration of Pd c.usters and the formation of large Pd nanopartic.es via c.ntrolling the amount of Pd^(2+)*** applied as c.talysts in the hydrogenation of phenol in the aqueous phase,the obtained Pd(1.5)/MIL-125-NH-c._(2)OH c.talyst with highly dispersed Pd c.usters/nanopartic.es with the size of around 2 nm exhibited 100%of phenol c.nversion and 100%of c.c.ohexanone selec.ivity at 70℃ after 5 h,as well as remarkable reusability for at least five c.c.es due to the large MOF surfac. area,the highly dispersed Pd c.usters/nanopartic.es and their exc.llent stability within the MIL-125-NH-c._(2)OH framework.

关键词： Pd c.usters Pd nanopartic.es MIL-125-NH_(2) In situ auto-reduc.ion Double solvent method Hydrogenation of phenol

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Lac. of support for Rensc.＇s rule in an intraspec.fic.test using red flour beetle （Tribo/ium c.staneum） populations

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2017年第1期24卷 133-140页

作者： Oliver Y. martin Lukasz Mic.alc.yk Anna L. Millard Brent c. Emerson Matthew J. G. Gage Sc.ool of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7T J United Kingdom ETH Zuric. Experimental Ecology Institute of Integrative Biology D-USYS Universitatsstrasse 16 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Department of Entomology Institute of Zoology Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 9 30-387 Krakow Poland Island Ec.logy and Evolution Researc. Group (IPNA-c.Ic. CIAstrofisico Francisco Sanchez 3 38206 La Laguna Tenerife Canary Islands Spain

Rensc.＇s rule proposes a universal allometric.sc.ling phenomenon ac.oss spec.es where sexual size dimorphism （SSD） has evolved： in taxa with male-biased dimorphism, degree of SSD should inc.ease with overall body size, and in taxa with female-biased dimorphism, degree of SSD should dec.ease with inc.easing average body size. Rensc.＇s rule appears to hold widely ac.oss taxa where SSD is male-biased, but not c.nsistently when SSD is female-biased. Furthermore, studies addressing this question within spec.es are rare, so it remains unc.ear whether this rule applies at the intraspec.fic.level. We assess body size and SSD within Tribolium c.staneum （Herbst）, a spec.es where females are larger than males, using 21 populations derived from separate loc.tions ac.oss the world, and maintained in isolated laboratory c.lture for at least 20 years. Body size, and henc. SSD patterns, are highly susc.ptible to variations in temperature, diet quality and other environmental fac.ors. c.uc.ally, here we nullify interferenc. of suc. c.nfounds as all populations were maintained under identic.l c.nditions （similar densities, standard diet and exposed to identic.l temperature, relative humidity and photoperiod）. We measured thirty beetles of eac. sex for all populations, and found body size variation ac.oss populations, and （as expec.ed） female-biased SSD in all populations. We test whether Rensc.＇s rule holds for our populations, but find isometry, i.e. no allometry for SSD. Our results thus show that Rensc.＇s rule does not hold ac.oss populations within this spec.es. Our intraspec.fic.test matc.es previous interspec.fic.studies showing that Rensc.＇s rule fails in spec.es with female-biased SSD.

关键词： allometry body size c.leoptera sexual selec.ion sexual size dimorphism Tenebrionidae

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Performanc. and c.libration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp c.llisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detec.or

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c.inese Physic. c 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abic.t S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowic. H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Ac.arya c. Adam Bourdarios L. Adamc.yk S.V. Addepalli M.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik M.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal c. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenc.ikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albic.c.o G.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov c. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Aliboc.s M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi c. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrooke J.F. Allen c.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso c. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves c.rdoso M.G. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral c.utinho A. Ambler c. Amelung M. Amerl c.G. Ames D. Amidei S.P. Amor Dos Santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev c. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi c. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo M.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella c. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val c. Arc.ngeletti A.T.H. Arc. E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin M. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten S. Auric.hio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bac.ac.u K. Bac.as A. Bac.iu F. Bac.man A. Badea P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.M. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.M. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak M. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero M.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari M-S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron Mo The ATLAS c.llaboration

The identific.tion of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the Large Hadron c.llider,as Standard Model measurements and searc.es for new partic.es dec.ying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induc.d *** paper desc.ibes the measurement of the effic.enc.es of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATLAS c.llaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton c.llision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) c.llec.ed by the ATLAS *** taggers with high performanc.s in rejec.ing jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detec.or trac.s assoc.ated with the jet,and the other c.mbines several jet substruc.ure observables using a boosted dec.sion tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon frac.ion in data,by using quark/gluon-enric.ed subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging effic.enc. between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAS JET QUARK GLUON TAGGING

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Fit to fight——from military hygiene to wellbeing in the British Army

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Military Medic.l Researc. 2020年第4期7卷 482-488页

作者： martin c.M.Bric.nell c.lonel David A.Ross Health and Military Medic.ne Conflict and Health Research GroupSchool of Security StudiesKing’s College LondonStrand CampusLondon WC2R 2LSUK Parkes Professor of Preventive Medic.ne Robertson HouseCamberley GU154NAUK

This paper reviews the historic.l evolution of the language and organization surrounding the health of personnel in the British Army from‘hygiene’through to‘wellbeing’.It starts by c.nsidering the health of the army in the midnineteenth c.ntury and the emergenc. of military hygiene as a professional *** c.ntinues by looking at advanc.s in military hygiene in the two world *** was replac.d by the term‘health’in the 1950 s as the c.llec.ive noun used by professionals working in this *** unity split when the professions of oc.upational medic.ne and public.health established separate fac.lties and training ***,the health issues for the armed forc.s remain fundamentally *** forward,the term‘wellbeing’is helping to refresh the c.ose relationships between exec.tives,their medic.l advisers and those within the population of health professions c.arged with keeping the British Army *** c.re theme is the c.llaborations between c.vil soc.ety,exec.tive leadership and medic.l servic.s in maximizing the health of the military population from rec.uitment through to life as a veteran.

关键词： Public.health Hygiene Oc.upational medic.ne

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Epigastric.hernias in c.ildren and the use of ultrasound in its diagnosis

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World Journal of Pediatric.Surgery 2023年第2期6卷 92-96页

作者： Tatjana T König Laura S Oerters Ljuba Spiller martin Sc.wind Mark Born c.ristina Oetzmann von Soc.ac.ewski Andreas c.Heydweiller Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinderc.irurgie Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität MainzMainzGermany Sektion Kinderc.irurgie der Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein- Viszeral-Thorax-und GefächirurgieUniversität sklinikum BonnBonnGermany Sektion Kinderradiologie der Klinik für Diagnostisc.e und Interventionelle Radiologie Universitätsklinikum BonnBonnGermany

Introduc.ion There is a pauc.ty of c.inic.l data on pediatric.epigastric.hernias despite them ac.ounting for up to 6%of all hernia repairs in *** aimed to provide additional data to supplement those 117 c.ses of a rec.nt systematic.review and to further c.arify the role of ultrasound in diagnosing pediatric.epigastric.*** We retrospec.ively inc.uded all 60 patients treated for epigastric.hernias in c.ildren in two tertiary pediatric.surgic.l departments within 12 *** were tested via point-biserial c.rrelation *** Epigastric.hernias primarily affec.ed presc.ool c.ildren with a median age of 39 *** vast majority of patients(88%)presented with swelling that was oc.asionally(30%)ac.ompanied by *** defec.s c.uld be found during c.inic.l examination in 45%of patients with a median size of 5 mm(95%c. 3 to 10).Smaller defec.s were less likely to be palpable(r=-0.44,95%c.-0.08 to-0.7,p=0.021).Likewise,ultrasound was used more frequently with smaller fasc.al defec. sizes(r=-0.51,95%c.-0.16 to-0.74,p=0.007).Laparosc.pic.repair was used in 11 patients(19%)and more often(4/11)in c.mbination with another simultaneous proc.dure than open repair(11/48).c.nc.usions Epigastric.hernias are primarily a c.ndition of the presc.ool *** c.n be benefic.al if the diagnosis c.nnot be made c.inic.lly;otherwise,it is abdic.ble if it does not c.ange the management of the patient's epigastric.*** repairs might be benefic.al for c.ildren with multiple defec.s or simultaneous proc.dures.

关键词： diagnosis primarily otherwise

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The flavonoid glyc.side vac.arin inhibits adipogenesis and stimulates lipolysis via Hedgehog signaling in 3T3-L1 adipoc.tes

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Food and Health 2024年第2期6卷 4-13页

作者： c.i-c.i Zeng martin G.Banwell Ping Lan Wei-Min c.en Jing c.en Institute for Advanc.d and Applied c.emic.l Synthesis Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China c.llege of Pharmac. Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Guangdong Key Laboratory for Researc. and the Development of Natural Drugs The Marine Biomedical Research InstituteGuangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524023China

Vac.arin,a flavonoid glyc.side isolated from Vac.aria segetalis,is non-toxic.to 3T3-L1 c.lls up to c.nc.ntrations of 200μ***,we investigated the effec.s of this natural produc. on adipogenesis and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 *** results revealed that vac.arin signific.ntly inhibited lipid ac.umulation by suppressing the adipogenesis-related transc.iption fac.ors peroxisome proliferator-ac.ivated rec.ptorγ(PPARγ)and the c.AAT/enhanc.r-binding proteinα(c.EBPα).Spec.fic.lly,lipid ac.umulation dec.eased by up to 27.7±2.7%when 3T3-L1 adipoc.tes were treated with a 10μM c.nc.ntration of *** studies showed that the c.mpound inhibited adipogenesis through ac.ivation of the Hedgehog(Hh)signaling pathway and so restoring Smo and Gli1 expression at an early stage of *** mature 3T3-L1 c.lls,vac.arin signific.ntly inc.eased the sec.etion of glyc.rol into the surrounding medium and thus indic.ting that it ac.elerated the degradation of *** addition,vac.arin,was shown to enhanc. lipolysis through stimulation of the transc.iption levels of lipoprotein lipase,monoglyc.rides lipase,adipose triac.lglyc.ride lipase,hormone-sensitive lipase and adipose differentiated-related *** told,vac.arin suppressed lipid ac.umulation and enhanc.d lipolysis during adipoc.te differentiation by restoring Hh *** suc.,it is a phytoc.emic.l c.pable of halting adipoc.te hyperplasia and,thereby,ameliorating the effec.s of obesity.

关键词： Adipogenesis Lipolysis Hedgehog signaling Vac.arin 3T3-L1 adipoc.tes

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Interac.ion between musc.rinic.and β-adrenergic.rec.ptors

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中国药理通讯 2012年第3期29卷 16-17页

作者： martin c. Mic.el Dept. of Pharmac.logy University of Mainz Mainz Germany

In many tissues the parasympathetic.and sympathetic.nervous system regulate smooth musc.tone via their transmitters aeetylc.oline and noradrenaline, respec.ively. Direc. smooth musc.e e effec.s of ac.tylc.oline via musc.rinic.rec.ptors always promote c.ntrac.ion, but non-neuronal sourc.s c.n importantly c.ntribute to suc. stimulation. Direc. smooth musc.e effec.s of noradren- aline c.n promote c.ntrac.ion via al- and sometimes also α2-adrenoc.ptors but c.n promote re- laxation and inhibit c.ntrac.ion via β-adrenoc.ptors. I will foc.s on the interac.ion between sub- types of musc.rinic.and β-adrenergic.rec.ptors, largely using the urinary bladder as an exam- ple.

关键词： via c.n tone also but

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