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A c.itic.l Review of the Evidenc. for M32 being a c.mpac. Dwarf Satellite of M31 rather than a More Distant Normal Galaxy

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c.inese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysic. 2008年第4期8卷 369-384页

作者： c. ke-shih young Malc.lm J. c.rrie Robert J. Dic.ens A-Li Luo Tong-Jie Zhang National Astronomic.l Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Shanghai Astronomic.l Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200030 China Department of Physic. University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Sc.ool of Physic. University of New South Wales Sydney 2052 Australia Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton Didcot Oxfordshire OX 11 0QX Great Britain Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Sinc. Baade＇s photographic.study of M32 in the mid 1940s, it has been ac.epted as an established fac. that M32 is a c.mpac. dwarf satellite of M31. The purpose of this paper is to report on the findings of our investigation into the nature of the existing evidenc.. We find that the c.se for M32 being a satellite of M31 rests upon Hubble Spac. Telesc.pe （HST） based stellar population studies whic. have resolved red-giant branc. （RGB） and red c.ump stars in M32 as well as other nearby galaxies. Taken in isolation, this rec.nt evidenc. c.uld be c.nsidered to be c.nc.usive in favour of the existing view. However, the c.nventional sc.nario does not explain M32＇s anomalously high c.ntral veloc.ty dispersion for a dwarf galaxy （several times that of either NGc.147, NGc.185 or NGc.205） or existing planetary nebula observations （whic. suggest that M32 is more than twic. as distant as M31） and also requires an elaborate physic.l explanation for M32＇s inferred c.mpac.ness. c.nversely, we find that the c.se for M32 being a normal galaxy, of the order of three times as distant as M31, is supported by：（1） a c.ntral veloc.ty dispersion typic.l of intermediate galaxies, （2） the published planetary nebula observations, and （3） known sc.ling relationships for normal early-type galaxies. However, this novel sc.nario c.nnot ac.ount for the high apparent luminosities of the RGB stars resolved in the M32 direc.ion by HST observations. We are therefore left with two apparently irrec.nc.lable sc.narios, only one of whic. c.n be c.rrec., but both of whic. suffer from potentially fatal evidenc. to the *** suggests that c.rrent understanding of some relevant fields is still very far from adequate.

关键词： galaxies:individual M32 - galaxies distanc.s and redshifts - galaxies dwarf- galaxies elliptic.l and lentic.lar, c. - galaxies fundamental parameters

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Ac.ively tunable elec.romagnetic.lly induc.d transparenc. in hybrid Dirac.VO2 metamaterials

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Optoelec.ronic. Letters 2025年第1期21卷 13-20页

作者： DI ke XIE Meng XIA Huarong c.ENG Anyu LIU Yu DU Jiajia Department of Optoelec.ronic.Engineering Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications c.ongqing key Laboratory of Autonomous Navigation and Mic.osystem Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Automation Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications

In this paper, we present a metamaterial struc.ure of Dirac.and vanadium dioxide（VO2） and investigate its optic.l properties using the finite-differenc. time-domain（FDTD） tec.nique. Using the phase transition feature of VO2, the design c.n realize ac.ive tuning of the plasmon induc.d transparenc.（PIT） effec. at terahertz frequenc., thereby c.nverting from a single PIT to a double-PIT. When VO2is in the insulating state, the struc.ure is symmetric.to obtain a single-band PIT effec.. When VO2is in the metallic.state, the struc.ure turns asymmetric.to realize a dual-band PIT effec.. This design provides a referenc. direc.ion for the design of ac.ively tunable metamaterials. Additionally, it is disc.vered that the transparent window's resonant frequenc. and the Fermi level in this struc.ure have a somewhat linear relationship. In addition, the struc.ure ac.ieves superior refrac.ive index sensitivity in the terahertz band, surpassing 1 THz/RIU. c.nsequently, the design exhibits enc.uraging potential for applic.tion in refrac.ive index sensors and optic.l switc.es.

关键词： Transparenc.

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Highly mass ac.ivity elec.roc.talysts with ultralow Pt loading on c.rbon blac. for hydrogen evolution reac.ion

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 182-190页

作者： Shaorou ke Yajing Zhao Xin Min Yanghong Li Ruiyu Mi Yangai Liu Xiaowen Wu Minghao Fang Zhaohui Huang Engineering Researc. c.nter of Ministry of Educ.tion for Geologic.l c.rbon Storage and Low c.rbon Utilization of Resourc.s Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid WastersNational Laboratory of Mineral MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and TechnologyChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Pt-based nanoc.talysts offer exc.llent prospec.s for various ***,the low loading of Pt with exc.llent performanc. for effic.ent and stable nanoc.talysts still presents a c.nsiderable *** this study,nanoc.talysts with ultralow Pt c.ntent,exc.llent performanc.,and c.rbon blac. as support were prepared through in-situ ***~2-nm partic.es uniformly and stably dispersed on c.rbon blac. bec.use of the strong s-p-d orbital hybridizations between c.rbon blac. and Pt,whic. suppressed the agglomeration of Pt *** unique struc.ure is benefic.al for the hydrogen evolution *** c.talysts exhibited remarkable c.talytic.ac.ivity for hydrogen evolution reac.ion,exhibiting a potential of 100 mV at 100 mA·c.^(-2),whic. is c.mparable to those of c.mmerc.al Pt/c.*** ac.ivity(1.61 A/mg)was four times that of a c.mmerc.al Pt/c.c.talyst(0.37 A/mg).The ultralow Pt loading(6.84wt%)paves the way for the development of next-generation elec.roc.talysts.

关键词： hydrogen evolution reac.ion ultralow platinum in-situ synthesis ultrasound

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Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for c.produc.ng multiple c.emic.ls

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Journal of Energy c.emistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongc.an Ahn Sua Jo Jonggeol Na J.Jay Liu young-Ju Kim Wangyun Won Department of c.emic.l and Biologic.l Engineering Korea University Department of c.emic.l Engineering (Integrated proc.ss) Kyung Hee University Department of c.emic.l Engineering and Materials Sc.enc. Ewha Womans University Department of c.emic.l Engineering Pukyong National University Resourc.s Engineering Plant Researc. Department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignoc.llulosic.biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly foc.sed on c.llulose and hemic.llulose restric.s the ec.nomic.and environmental feasibilities. To c.pe with this issue, we proposed an integrated proc.ss of c.-produc.ng 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic.ac.d from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To c.mpare the impac.s of lignin upgrading and feedstoc., Strategy B, whic. c.-produc.s tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy c. whic. is the traditional route to produc. 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduc. operating c.sts and indirec. c.rbon emissions due to energy c.nsumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and c.oling requirements, respec.ively, in Strategy A. The market c.mpetitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling pric. through tec.no-ec.nomic.analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impac.s through both midpoint and endpoint life-c.c.e assessments（Lc.s）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both ec.nomic.lly（USRDSc.ARDOLLAR3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg c.2eq.）. This indic.tes that lignin valorization is not only ec.nomic.lly but also environmentally preferred. Finally, c.anges in ec.nomic.and environmental feasibilities depending on ec.nomic. proc.ss, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and unc.rtainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based c.emic.l produc.ion.

关键词： c.rbon c.pture and utilization

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Potassium ions and c.ano group modified g-c.N4 for effec.ive generation of H2O2 through two-elec.ron oxygen reduc.ion

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Sc.enc. c.ina c.emistry 2025年第1期68卷 192-200页

作者： Dongying Wang Shulan Pu Yongmin c.en ke Lei Yujie Duan Linjiao Mao Xuhui Zeng Xi Luo Yuntao Zhang Yuqin Dong Jin Zhong Zhang Yan Sun Sc.ool of Mec.anic.l Engineering Chengdu University Department of c.emistry and Bioc.emistry University of California

Potassium ions （K+） doped graphitic.c.rbon nitride （g-c.N4） was prepared by a thermal etc.ing method using potassium hydroxide （KOH） as an ion *** transform infrared spec.rosc.py （FTIR） and X-ray photoelec.ron spec.rosc.py （XPS）results showed that the generation of the c.ano group was detec.ed while introduc.ng K+.Under simulated sunlight irradiation,the sample with a K+doping amount of 10%showed the highest hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） generation rate of2,140.2μmol *** apparent quantum yield （AQY） at 400 nm and the solar-to-c.emic.l c.nversion （Sc.） are 4.35%and1.23%,respec.ively.K+ac.ed as a bridge between g-c.N4layers,whic. enhanc.d c.arge transfer ***,the c.ano group enhanc.d the adsorption c.pac.ty of protons （H+） and promoted the yield of *** c.talyst exhibited exc.llent photoc.talytic.stability based on four-c.c.e *** addition,a mec.anism study showed that superoxide radic.ls （·O2-）were the most important ac.ive spec.es in the reac.ion *** produc.ion of H2O2was ac.ieved through c.nsec.tive single-elec.ron *** study deepens the understanding of the oxygen reduc.ion reac.ion proc.ss and opens up a new venue for improving H2O2generation.

关键词： photoc.talysis hydrogen peroxide oxygen reduc.ion reac.ion potassium doping c.ano group

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Bifunc.ional bridging c.pping layer enables 24.5% effic.enc. of perovskite solar c.lls with polymer-based hole transport materials

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Sc.enc. c.ina c.emistry 2025年第1期68卷 350-359页

作者： c.n Zhu Yiyang Wang Lei Meng Beibei Qiu Jing Li Shuc.eng Qin ke Hu Xin Jiang Wenbin Lai Minc.ao Liu Zhe Liu c.enxing Lu Jinyuan Zhang Yongfang Li Beijing National Laboratory for Molec.lar Sc.enc.s CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Sc.ool of c.emic.l Sc.enc. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelec.ronic.Devic.s of Zhejiang Provinc. College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal University key Laboratory of Photoc.emic.l c.nversion and Optoelec.ronic.Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Advanc.d Optoelec.ronic.Materials College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University

Developing a bridge c.pping layer between perovskite and hole transport layer materials（HTMs） in the n-i-p perovskite solar c.lls（pero-Sc.） is an effec.ive approac. to modify the morphology of HTMs and passivate the perovskite ***, we selec. the quinoxaline-based bifunc.ional passivation agent, quinoxalin-6-yl-methylamine hydroc.loride（Qx MAc.）,as the bridging layer, and a D-A c.polymer PBQ12 c.ntaining the same quinoxaline unit as an HTM for the n-i-p pero-Sc.. Due to the π-π stac.ing among the c.mmon quinoxaline units in the bridge layer and HTM, Qx MAc. induc.s the π-π stac.ing of the PBQ12 film and improves the film morphology of HTMs with better c.nduc.ivity. Additionally, Qx MAc. c.n effec.ively passivate the perovskite surfac., and PBQ12 possesses appropriate energy levels and high hole mobility. The pero-Sc. based on FAPbI3with PBQ12/Qx MAc. treatment showed a higher power c.nversion effic.enc.（Pc.） of 24.05% and outstanding stability, maintaining 95.4% and 92.1% of its initial Pc. after 750 h of storage and after over 800 h of thermal annealing at 85 °c. respec.ively. To further enhanc. the Pc. of the PBQ12/Qx MAc.-based devic.s, we developed a non-metal ion dopant for the PBQ12 HTM. Through trac. doping of PBQ12 HTM by the non-metal ion dopant, the Pc. of the PBQ12/Qx MAc.-based devic.s reac.ed 25.24%（the c.librated Pc. of 24.55% by the National Institute of Metrology, c.ina）.

关键词： D-A c.polymer, hole transport materials, bifunc.ional bridge c.pping layer, passivation perovskite solar c.lls

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High mobility group box 1 in the c.ntral nervous system:regeneration hidden beneath inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2025年第1期20卷 107-115页

作者： Hanki Kim Bum Jun Kim Seungyon Koh Hyo Jin c.o Xuelian Jin Byung Gon Kim Jun young c.oi Department of Brain Sc.enc. Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedic.l Sc.enc.s Ajou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Neurology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Geriatric. The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuqianJiangsu ProvinceChina

High-mobility group box 1 was first disc.vered in the c.lf thymus as a DNA-binding nuc.ear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields,inc.uding neurology and ***-mobility group box 1 in the extrac.llular spac. func.ions as a pro-inflammatory damage-assoc.ated molec.lar pattern,whic. has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of c.ntral nervous system disorders suc. as isc.emic.stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sc.erosis,epilepsy,and traumatic.brain *** drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-assoc.ated molec.lar pattern,suc. as glyc.rrhizin,ethyl pyruvate,and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies,are c.mmonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 ac.ivity in c.ntral nervous system *** it is c.mmonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effec.,high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have benefic.al pro-regenerative roles in c.ntral nervous system *** this narrative review,we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 researc. and its c.arac.erization as a damage-assoc.ated molec.lar pattern,its downstream rec.ptors,and intrac.llular signaling pathways,how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the c.ntral nervous system,and c.ues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory *** targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the c.ntral nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two func.ions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.

关键词： c.ntral nervous system damage-assoc.ated molec.lar pattern ethyl pyruvate glyc.rhizzin high mobility group box 1 inflammation neural stem c.lls neurodevelopment oligodendroc.te progenitor c.lls redox status regeneration

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3D Printing of Tough Hydrogel Sc.ffolds with Func.ional Surfac. Struc.ures for Tissue Regeneration

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Nano-Mic.o Letters 2025年第2期17卷 18-45页

作者： ke Yao Gaoying Hong Ximin Yuan Weic.eng Kong Pengc.eng Xia Yuanrong Li Yuewei c.en Nian Liu Jing He Jue Shi Zihe Hu Yanyan Zhou Zhijian Xie Yong He State key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mec.atronic.Systems School of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Liangzhu Laboratory Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China key Laboratory of 3D Printing Proc.ss and Equipment of Zhejiang Provinc. College of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Stomatology Hospital School of StomatologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China State key Laboratory of Advanc.d Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China Institute of Digital Medic.ne Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210006People’s Republic of China

Hydrogel sc.ffolds have numerous potential applic.tions in the tissue engineering ***,tough hydrogel sc.ffolds implanted in vivo are seldom reported bec.use it is diffic.lt to balanc. bioc.mpatibility and high mec.anic.l *** by c.inese ramen,we propose a universal fabric.ting method(printing-P,training-T,c.oss-linking-c.PTc.Pc.)for tough hydrogel sc.ffolds to fill this ***,3D printing fabric.tes a hydrogel sc.ffold with desired struc.ures(P).Then,the sc.ffold c.uld have extraordinarily high mec.anic.l properties and func.ional surfac. struc.ure by c.c.e mec.anic.l training with salting-out assistanc.(T).Finally,the training results are fixed by photo-c.oss-linking proc.ssing(c..The tough gelatin hydrogel sc.ffolds exhibit exc.llent tensile strength of 6.66 MPa(622-fold untreated)and have exc.llent ***,this sc.ffold possesses func.ional surfac. struc.ures from nanometer to mic.on to millimeter,whic. c.n effic.ently induc. direc.ional c.ll ***,this strategy c.n produc. bionic.human tissue with mec.anic.l properties of 10 kPa-10 MPa by c.anging the type of salt,and many hydrogels,suc. as gelatin and silk,c.uld be improved with PTc.or Pc. *** experiments show that this sc.ffold c.n effec.ively promote the new generation of musc.e fibers,blood vessels,and nerves within 4 weeks,prompting the rapid regeneration of large-volume musc.e loss injuries.

关键词： 3D printing Tough hydrogel sc.ffold Func.ional surfac. struc.ure Tissue regeneration Biomaterials

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生态危机的哲学根源与生态文明的政治哲学维度构建

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东北师大学报（哲学社会科学版） 2025年第1期 143-153页

作者：肖克李溪泽东北师范大学政法学院吉林长春130117

生态危机的哲学根源来自西方二元主义所导致的对立与异化。二元主义由本体论扩展到认识论,再到政治哲学,在政治关系的两个维度上展现对立:权利绝对优先于权力,导致作为权利主体的人类与作为权力工具的自然万物的对立;权力支配度的不同,... 详细信息

生态危机的哲学根源来自西方二元主义所导致的对立与异化。二元主义由本体论扩展到认识论,再到政治哲学,在政治关系的两个维度上展现对立:权利绝对优先于权力,导致作为权利主体的人类与作为权力工具的自然万物的对立;权力支配度的不同,导致生态资源在人群中分配极度不均。资本主义政治哲学试图在两个层面维护二元对立,结果加剧生态危机:一方面,主流政治哲学竭力维护异化的合理性;另一方面,改变社会偏好,异化转移,将生产的异化转变为需求的异化。很多人认识到生态危机的这一根源,力求调节和缓和人与自然的二元对立,办法就是弱化人在人与自然关系中的主导地位。近年来,沿这一路径从政治哲学角度探讨生态危机的理论主要有三类,即生态保守主义、生态激进主义和生态国家主义,这些理论并未根本解决二元对立哲学的弊端。只有生态马克思主义既通过对资本主义生产方式的批判而克服了人与自然的对立,又通过对“类解放”目标的坚守而确保了人与自然关系中人类主体地位,将权利与义务统一。生态马克思主义真正提出生态文明得以建立的根本途径:生产领域,停止过度生产;需求领域,遏制无度消费;分配领域,调节生态资源的代内与代际分配;伦理领域,由群体本位走向类本位;制度领域,坚持以社会主义制度为基础建立生态保护和治理机制。

关键词：生态文明生态危机生态马克思主义政治哲学

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Morphology and Histology of Lattic.-like Ossified Epaxial Tendons in Psittac.saurus(Dinosauria:c.ratopsia)

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Ac.a Geologic. Sinic.(English Edition) 2010年第3期84卷 463-471页

作者： ZHOU c.ang-Fu GAO ke-Qin Ric.ard c. FOX Sc.ool of Earth and Spac. Sc.enc.s Peking University Beijing 100871 China Laboratory for Vertebrate Paleontology Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2E9 Canada

Epaxial tendons play an important role in the study of the musc.loskeletal system and loc.motory style of dinosaurs. Although the ossified epaxial tendon lattic. is fairly well known in Iguanodontoidea, only rec.ntly has knowledge of this c.mplex been extended to c.ratopsians. This study c.nc.rns the gross morphology and mic.ostruc.ure of the tendon lattic. in Psittac.saurus, a basal c.ratopsian. As in the neoc.ratopsian c.asmosaurus, the ossified tendons of Psittac.saurus form a three -layered, lattic.-like struc.ure. The mic.ostruc.ure of the tendons in large psittac.saur individuals retains an early stage of ossific.tion, as in juvenile birds and nestling hadrosaurs, suggesting a slow developmental rate of ossific.tion of the tendons in psittac.saur ontogeny. c.mparative study indic.tes that a lattic.-like arrangement of three-layered epaxial tendons is widely distributed in c.rapoda. This pattern also extends to Ankylosauria, implying a similar pattern of the epaxial musc.es through the ornithisc.ian c.ade. In addition, c.mparison with c.oc.diles implies that the different morphology of ossified tendons in dinosaurs may be assoc.ated with adaptive aspec.s of their paleobiology, not simply a side effec. of skeletal ossific.tion. In c.ntrast to the short tendons in quadrupedal c.asmosaurus and Protoc.ratops, the elongated tendons in Psittac.saurus may be related to the bipedal loc.motion c.arac.eristic.of this taxon.

关键词： Psittac.saurs ossified tendons gross morphology histology

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