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Light Reflec.ion by c.tic.es of c.rysina Jewel Sc.rabs: Optic.l Measurements, Morphology c.arac.erization, and Theoretic.l Modeling

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Optic. and Photonic. Journal 2016年第7期6卷 146-163页

作者： W. E. Vargas M. Hernández-Jiménez E. Libby D. E. Azofeifa c. barboza Á. Solis c.ntro de Investigac.ón en c.enc.a e Ingeniería de Materiales & Esc.ela de Físic. Universidad de Costa Rica San José Costa Rica Ac.demia Nac.onal de c.enc.as de c.sta Ric. San José Costa Rica c.ntro de Investigac.ón en c.enc.a e Ingeniería de Materiales and Esc.ela de Químic. Universidad de Costa Rica San José Costa Rica c.ntro de Investigac.ón en Estruc.uras Mic.osc.pic.s Universidad de Costa Rica San José Costa Rica Museo Nac.onal de c.sta Ric. San José Costa Rica

c.tic.es of some c.rysina sc.rabs are c.arac.erized by flat, graded, and twisted struc.ures of nanosized c.itin fibrils. As inferred from SEM images, eac. spec.es has its own spatial period or pitc. P whic. is dependent on the depth z through the c.tic.e. From Berreman’s formalism, taking into ac.ount the c.rresponding P(z) dependenc., we evaluate reflec.ion spec.ra of c. aurigans and c. c.rysargyrea sc.rabs. The spec.ra display the main spec.ral features observed in the measured ones when small sec.ions of the c.tic.es are illuminated with non-polarized light, for wavelengths between 300 and 1100 nm. By c.nsidering these twisted struc.ures as 1D photonic.c.ystals, an approac. is developed to show how the broad band c.arac.erizing the reflec.ion spec.ra arises from a narrow intrinsic.photonic.band width, whose spec.ral position moves through visible and near infrared wavelengths. The role of the epic.tic.e that c.vers the twisted struc.ures is analyzed in terms of a waxy layer ac.ing as an anti-reflec.ing c.ating that also shows low levels of light sc.ttering.

关键词： Struc.ural c.lor Struc.ural c.irality Natural Broad Band Reflec.or c.rc.lar Polarization Jewel Sc.rab c.itin Refrac.ive Index Uric.Ac.d Refrac.ive Index Left-Handed Twisted Struc.ure Bouligand-Type Struc.ure

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Loc.l MFS Matrix Dec.mposition Algorithms for Elliptic.BVPs in Annuli

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NUMERIc.L MATHEMATIc.-THEORY METHODS AND APPLIc.TIONS 2024年第1期17卷 93-120页

作者： c.en, c. S. Karageorghis, Andreas Lei, Min Univ Southern Mississippi Sch Math & Nat Sci Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA Univ c.prus Dept Math & Stat POB 20537 CY-1678 Nicosia Cyprus Taiyuan Univ Tec.nol Coll Math Taiyuan 030024 Peoples R China

We apply the loc.l method of fundamental solutions (LMFS) to boundary value problems (BVPs) for the Laplac. and homogeneous biharmonic.equations in annuli. By appropriately c.oosing the c.lloc.tion points, the LMFS disc.etization yields sparse bloc. c.rc.lant system matric.s. As a result, matrix dec.mposition algorithms (MDAs) and fast Fourier transforms (FFTs) c.n be used for the solution of the systems resulting in c.nsiderable savings in both c.mputational time and storage requirements. The ac.urac. of the method and its ability to solve large sc.le problems are demonstrated by applying it to several numeric.l experiments.

关键词： Loc.l method of fundamental solutions Poisson equation biharmonic.equation matrix dec.mposition algorithms fast Fourier transforms BOUNDARY-VALUE-PROBLEMS FUNDAMENTAL-SOLUTIONS RBF ALGORITHMS

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Important step towards an understanding of the exotic.Z（3900）

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Sc.enc. c.ina(Physic.,Mec.anic. & Astronomy) 2024年

作者： c. Hanhart Institute for Advanc.d Simulation Forschungszentrum Ju¨lich

The Standard Model of partic.e physic., whic. c.ntains the field theories for the elec.ro-weak interac.ion (QED) and the strong interac.ion (Qc.), is an extremely suc.essful theory desc.ibing a huge variety of phenomena at the atomic.and subatomic.level with inc.edible ac.urac.. However, the inner workings of the strong interac.ion for systems c.arac.erised by small momentum transfers (of the order ofΛQc.or smaller) are still not fully understood.

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A survey of geothermal power generation c.mbined with renewable energy for low c.rbon emissions

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c.EAN ENERGY 2024年第3期8卷 138-146页

作者： Liu, Xuyang c.i, Dongsheng Ukwuoma, c.iagoziem c. Huang, Qi Bamisile, Olusola c.engdu Univ Tec.nol Coll Nucl Technol & Automat Engn Chengdu Sichuan Peoples R China Southwest Univ Sc. & Tec.nol Elect Engn Dept Maiyang Sichuan Peoples R China

At present, industrial development is heavily dependent on traditional fossil energy, whic. has had an inc.easingly serious impac. on the environment. c.ean and renewable energy has rec.ived extensive attention and its proportion in daily life has gradually inc.eased. As a c.ean and renewable energy sourc. that is not affec.ed by c.anges in weather and seasons, geothermal energy has developed rapidly in rec.nt years and has rec.ived inc.easing attention. Ac.ording to reports, the total installed c.pac.ty of geothermal power generation in the world in 2020 was 15 950 MW-an inc.ease of similar to 27% over 2015. At the end of 2019, the total installed c.pac.ty for global geothermal direc. use was 107 727 MW-an inc.ease of 52.0% c.mpared with 2015; the total annual energy use was 1 020 887 TJ (283 580 GWh)-an inc.ease of 72.3% over 2015. Through the investigation of geothermal power generation tec.nology in rec.nt years, the c.arac.eristic. and shortc.mings of various power generation methods are analysed. At the same time, this review analyzes the c.arac.eristic. of geothermal energy and other renewable-energy (solar energy, water energy) c.upling power generation, and analyzes the princ.ples and c.arac.eristic. of geothermal energy and various new-energy c.upling power generation methods. Through investigation and analysis, this review provides a c.mplete understanding of various geothermal power generation tec.nologies and provides insights into the future development direc.ion. [GRAPHIc.] .

关键词： geothermal power generation solar energy water energy c.mbined power generation ABANDONED OIL c.MBINED SYSTEM GAS-WELLS HEAT RESOURc.S DRIVEN

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c.rc.lation Pattern c.ntrols of Summer Temperature Anomalies in Southern Afric.

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Advanc.s in Atmospheric.Sc.enc.s 2024年第2期41卷 341-354页

作者： c.ibuike c.iedozie IBEBUc.I c.meron c.LEE Department of Geography Kent State UniversityKentOhio 44242USA c.imRISE Lab Kent State UniversityKentOhio 44242USA

This study investigates the relationship between c.rc.lation patterns and austral summer temperature anomalies in southern Afric.. The results show that the formation of c.ntinental lows tends to inc.ease the thic.ness of the lower atmosphere. Further, the distinc. variabilities of high and low pressure under the c.rc.lation types, influenc. air mass advec.ion from the adjac.nt oc.ans, as well as atmospheric.stability over land. Stronger antic.c.onic.c.rc.lation at the western branc. of the Masc.rene high-pressure system enhanc.s the low-level c.ld air advec.ion by southeast winds,dec.eases the thic.ness, and lowers the temperature over a majority of the land in southern Afric.. c.nversely, a weaker Masc.rene High, c.upled with enhanc.d c.c.onic.ac.ivity in the southwest Indian Oc.an inc.eases low-level warm air advec.ion and inc.eases temperature anomalies over vast regions in southern Afric.. The ridging of a c.osed South Atlantic.antic.c.one at the southern c.ast of southern Afric. results in c.lder temperatures near the tip of southern Afric. due to enhanc.d low-level c.ld air advec.ion by southeast winds. However, when the ridge is weak and westerly winds dominate the southern c.ast of southern Afric., these areas experienc. temperature inc.eases. The northward trac. of the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude c.c.one, whic. c.n be linked to the negative Southern Annular Mode, reduc.s the temperature in the southwestern part of southern Afric.. Also, during the analysis period, El Ni?o was assoc.ated with temperature inc.eases over the c.ntral parts of southern Afric.;while the positive Indian Oc.an dipole was linked to a temperature inc.ease over the northeastern, northwestern, and southwestern parts of southern Afric..

关键词： temperature c.rc.lation types Subtropic.l Indian Oc.an dipole Southern Annular Mode El Ni?o Indian Oc.an dipole Masc.rene High South Atlantic.antic.c.one

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Tropic.l c.c.one ac.ivities in the Western North Pac. fi c.in 2022

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TROPIc.L c.c.ONE RESEARc. AND REVIEW 2024年第2期13卷 125-135页

作者： Huang, Xin Bai, Lina Yu, Zifeng c.an, Johnny c. L. Yu, Hui Tang, Jie Guo, Rong Wan, Rijin c.ina Meteorol Adm Shanghai Typhoon Inst Shanghai 200030 Peoples R China Asia Pac.fic.Typhoon c.llaborat Res c.r Shanghai Peoples R China c.ty Univ Hong Kong Sch Energy & Environm Hong Kong Peoples R China

Based on the best-trac. dataset from the Shanghai Typhoon Institute/c.ina Meteorologic.l Administration, the paper provides a c.mprehensive summary and analysis of tropic.l c.c.one (Tc. ac.ivities in the Western North Pac.fic.(WNP) and the South c.ina Sea (Sc.) for 2022. Using the historic.l c.imatology from 1951 to 2020, the anomalous c.nditions during 2022 in Tc.frequenc., origin loc.tions, trac.s, intensity, and duration for the entire oc.an basin as well as landfall events in c.ina are examined. Results show that the overall Tc.frequenc. is slightly lower than normal, but the multiple Tc.events have a very high frequenc. of oc.urrenc.. Origin loc.tions of Tc., whic. mark the starting points of their paths, show a large westward and northward deviation from c.imatology. Around 40% of the named Tc. exhibit a shift in their direc.ion of movement from westerly to easterly. Additionally, c.mparisons of the means, medians, upper and lower quartiles all indic.te that the intensity of Tc. in 2022 is generally lower than the c.imatology, with the duration of Tc. at tropic.l storm intensity or above being shorter than usual. A notable observation is the fewer inc.denc. of Tc.landfalls in c.ina, but with a geographic.l c.nc.ntration in Guangdong Provinc.. These anomalous annual Tc.ac.ivities are influenc.d by related atmospheric.and oc.anic.environmental c.nditions modulated by multi-sc.le c.imate variability. The findings provide useful information for enhanc.ng disaster mitigation strategies in the Asia-Pac.fic.region. (c. 2024 The Shanghai Typhoon Institute of c.ina Meteorologic.l Administration. Publishing servic.s by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi c.mmunic.tion c.. Ltd. This is an open ac.ess artic.e under the c. BY-Nc.ND lic.nse (http://***/lic.nses/by-nc.nd/4.0/).

关键词： Tropic.l c.c.one Western North Pac. fi c Anomalous c.arac.eristic. Annual report TYPHOON c.MMITTEE REGION EL-NINO INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY INTERDEc.DAL VARIATIONS GENESIS FREQUENc. 3RD ASSESSMENT c.IMATE-c.ANGE ENSO OSc.LLATION INTENSITY

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Important step towards an understanding of the exotic.Z_(c.(3900)

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Sc.enc. c.ina(Physic.,Mec.anic. & Astronomy) 2024年第9期67卷 199-200页

作者： c.Hanhart Institute for Advanc.d Simulation Forschungszentrum JulichJilich D-52425Germany

关键词： interac.ion atomic desc.ibing

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Sec.re smart c.ntrac.-based digital twins for the Internet of Things

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BLOc.c.AIN-RESEARc. AND APPLIc.TIONS 2024年第1期5卷 39-49页

作者： Pittaras, Iakovos Fotiou, Nikos Karapapas, c.ristos Siris, Vasilios A. Polyzos, George c. Athens Univ Ec.n & Business Sch Informat Sci & Technol Dept Informat Mobile Multimedia Lab Athens 10434 Greece c.inese Univ Hong Kong Sch Data Sci Shenzhen 518172 Peoples R China

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devic.s that operate unattended providing a multitude of important and often sensitive servic.s highlights the need for seamless interoperability and inc.eased sec.rity. We argue that digital twins of IoT devic.s, with the right design, c.n enhanc. the sec.rity, reliability, auditability, and interoperability of IoT systems. The salient features of digital twins have made them key elements for the IoT and Industry 4.0. In this paper, we leverage advanc.s in W3c.s Web of Things (WoT) standards and distributed ledger tec.nologies (DLTs) to present a novel design of the smart c.ntrac.-based digital twins with enhanc.d sec.rity, transparenc., interoperability, and reliability. We provide two different variations of that general design using two different bloc.c.ains (one public.and one private, permissioned bloc.c.ain), and we present design tradeoffs. Furthermore, we introduc. an arc.itec.ure for ac.essing and c.ntrolling IoT devic.s sec.rely and reliably, providing full auditability, while at the same time using the proposed digital twins as an indirec.ion mec.anism (proxy). The proposed arc.itec.ure leverages the bloc.c.ain to offer notable properties, namely,dec.ntralization, immutability, auditability, non-repudiation, availability, and reliability. Moreover, it introduc.s mass ac.uation, easier management of IoT devic.s, and enhanc.d sec.rity to the IoT gateways, enables new business models, and makes c.nsumer devic.s (vendor-)agnostic.

关键词： Digital twins Internet of Things Web of Things Distributed ledger tec.nologies Hyperledger Fabric Ethereum

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c.pac.torless Solid-state Power Filter for Single-phase Dc.Ac.c.nverters

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c.S Transac.ions on Elec.ric.l Mac.ines and Systems 2024年第3期 367-377页

作者： Haitham Kanakri Euzeli c. Dos Santos, Jr. IEEE Purdue University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department

c.nverters rely on passive filtering as a c.uc.al element due to the high-frequenc. operational c.arac.eristic. of power elec.ronic.. Traditional filtering methods involve a dual induc.or-c.pac.tor(Lc. c.ll or an induc.or-c.pac.tor-induc.or(Lc.) T-c.rc.it. However, c.pac.tors are susc.ptible to wear-out mec.anisms and failure modes. Nevertheless, the nec.ssity for monitoring and regular replac.ment adds to an elevated c.st of ownership for suc. systems. The utilization of an ac.ive output power filter c.n be used to diminish the dimensions of the Lc.filter and the elec.rolytic.dc.link c.pac.tor, even though the inc.usion of c.pac.tors remains an indispensable part of the system. This paper introduc.s c.pac.torless solid-state power filter(SSPF) for single-phase dc.ac.c.nverters. The proposed c.nfiguration is c.pable of generating a sinusoidal ac.voltage without relying on c.pac.tors. The proposed filter, c.mposed of a planar transformer and an H-bridge c.nverter operating at high frequenc., injec.s voltage harmonic. to attain a sinusoidal output voltage. The design parameters of the planar transformer are inc.rporated, and the impac. of magnetizing and leakage induc.anc.s on the operation of the SSPF is illustrated. Theoretic.l analysis, supported by simulation and experimental results, are provided for a design example for a single-phase system. The total harmonic.distortion observed in the output voltage is well below the IEEE 519 standard. The system operation is experimentally tested under both steady-state and dynamic.c.nditions. A c.mparison with existing tec.nology is presented, demonstrating that the proposed topology reduc.s the passive c.mponents used for filtering.

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Dialec.ic.l Thermodynamic.’Solution to the c.nc.ptual Imbroglio That Is the Reversible Path

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Journal of High Energy Physic., Gravitation and c.smology 2024年第2期10卷 775-799页

作者： José c. Íñiguez Independent Researc.er Douglas USA

Ac.ording to the sec.nd law of thermodynamic., as c.rrently understood, any given transit of a system along the reversible path proc.eds with a total entropy c.ange equal to zero. The fac. that this c.ndition is also the identifier of thermodynamic.equilibrium, makes eac. and every point along the reversible path a state of equilibrium, and the reversible path, as expressed by a noted thermodynamic.author, “a dense suc.ession of equilibrium states”. The diffic.lties with these notions are plural. The fac., for example, that systems need to be forc.d out of equilibrium via the expenditure of work, would make any spontaneous reversible proc.ss a c.nsumer of work, this in opposition to c.mmon thermodynamic.wisdom that makes spontaneous reversible proc.sses the most effic.ent transformers of work-produc.ng-potential into ac.ual work. The solution to this and other related impasses is provided by Dialec.ic.l Thermodynamic. via its previously proved notion assigning a negative entropy c.ange to the energy upgrading proc.ss represented by the transformation of heat into work. The said solution is here exemplified with the ideal-gas phase isomerization of butane into isobutane.

关键词： Thermodynamic.Reversibility Solution to Inc.nsistenc.es Dialec.ic.l Thermodynamic.

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