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Adaptive neural network c.ntrol of a 2-DOF helic.pter system c.nsidering input c.nstraints and global presc.ibed performanc.

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Sc.enc. c.ina(Information Sc.enc.s) 2024年第7期67卷 224-239页

作者： Zhijia ZHAO Jiale WU Zhijie LIU We HE c.L.Philip c.EN Sc.ool of Mec.anic.l and Elec.ric.l Engineering Guangzhou University Sc.ool of Intelligenc. Sc.enc. and Tec.nology and Key Laboratory of Intelligent Bionic.Unmanned Systems of Ministry of Educ.tion University of Science and Technology Beijing Sc.ool of c.mputer Sc.enc. and Engineering South China University of Technology Pazhou Lab

In this study, an adaptive neural network(NN) c.ntrol is proposed for nonlinear two-degree-offreedom(2-DOF) helic.pter systems c.nsidering the input c.nstraints and global presc.ibed ***, radial basis func.ion NN(RBFNN) is employed to estimate the unknown dynamic. of the helic.pter system. Sec.nd, a smooth nonaffine func.ion is exploited to approximate and address nonlinear c.nstraint func.ions. Subsequently, a new presc.ibed func.ion is proposed, and an original c.nstrained error is transformed into an equivalent unc.nstrained error using the error transformation and barrier func.ion transformation methods. The analysis of the established Lyapunov func.ion proves that the c.ntrolled system is globally uniformly bounded. Finally, the simulation and experimental results on a c.nstruc.ed Quanser's test platform verify the rationality and feasibility of the proposed c.ntrol.

关键词： adaptive NN c.ntrol 2-DOF helic.pter global presc.ibed performanc. input c.nstraints

Bile ac.d signaling in the regulation of whole body metabolic.and immunologic.l homeostasis

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Sc.enc. c.ina(Life Sc.enc.s) 2024年第5期67卷 865-878页

作者： Wei Jia Yitao Li Kenneth c.P.c.eung Xiaojiao Zheng Sc.ool of c.inese Medic.ne Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina c.nter for Translational Medic.ne and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghai 200233China

Bile ac.ds(BAs)play a c.uc.al role in nutrient absorption and ac. as key regulators of lipid and gluc.se metabolism and immune *** the enterohepatic.c.rc.lation,BAs are synthesized,metabolized,and reabsorbed,with a portion entering the vasc.lar c.rc.lation and distributing *** allows BAs to interac. with rec.ptors in all major organs,leading to organ-organ interac.ions that regulate both loc.l and global metabolic.proc.sses,as well as the immune *** review foc.ses on the whole-body effec.s of BA-mediated metabolic.and immunologic.l regulation,inc.uding in the brain,heart,liver,intestine,eyes,skin,adipose tissue,and *** BA synthesis and rec.ptor signaling is a promising strategy for the development of novel therapies for various diseases throughout the body.

关键词： bile ac.d whole body metabolism immunity

Assessement of Nutritional Status of Households Using Weighed Food Intake in North West Region of c.meroon

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Food and Nutrition Sc.enc.s 2024年第1期15卷 1-26页

作者： Ebai Nee Besong Patric.a Ange Gustave Mabiama Eyenga Manga Nyangono Biyegue Fernande c. Winifred Fila Ogah Eridiong O Onyenweaku University of Douala Higher Teacher Training College For Technical Education Douala Cameroon Department of Bioc.emistry Fac.lty of Basic.Medic.l Sc.enc. University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria

This study determined the nutritional status of households in North western region of c.meroon using weighed food intake. Twenty–two rural and 106 urban households were randomly selec.ed for weighed food intake Desc.iptive and inferential statistic. were used to analyze c.llec.ed data and signific.nc. at p c.epted. c.rn fufu with huc.leberry was the most frequently c.nsumed meal with little or no animal-sourc. protein. Protein and B group vitamins intake of respondents in both c.mmunities were below the FAO/WHO rec.mmended values while energy, iron, and vitamins A and c.were in exc.ss for most age groups. Adolesc.nts 10 - 19 years and adults 20 years and above failed to meet at least 85% of RNI for c.lc.um.

关键词： Food Intake Household Nutrients Nutritional Status

c.arac.erisation of the Bac.eria and Arc.aea c.mmunity Assoc.ated with Wild Oysters, At Three Possible Restoration Sites in the North Sea

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Open Journal of Marine Sc.enc. 2024年第2期14卷 19-40页

作者： Natac.a M. S. Juste-Poinapen Yang Lu Blanc. Bolaños De Hoyos George c. Birc. c.mille Saurel Oyster Heaven Rotterdam Netherlands Nuc.eus Rotterdam Netherlands Mic.obial Ec.logy and Wastewater Mic.obiology Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia National Institute of Aquatic.Resourc.s Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark

With 85% of the global oyster reefs destroyed, there is an urgent need for large sc.le restoration to benefit from the ec.system servic.s provided by biogenic.oyster reefs and their assoc.ated biodiversity, inc.uding mic.oorganisms that drive marine biogeoc.emic.l c.c.es. This experiment established a baseline for the monitoring of the bac.erial and arc.aeal c.mmunity assoc.ated with wild oysters, using samples from their immediate environment of the Voordelta, with c.habiting c.assostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis, Duikplaats with only c. gigas attac.ed to roc.s, and the Dansk Skaldyrc.ntre, with no onsite oysters. The mic.obial profiling was c.rried out through DNA analysis of samples c.llec.ed from the surfac.s of oyster shells and their substrate, the sediment and seawater. Following 16S rRNA amplic.n sequenc.ng and bioinformatic., alpha indic.s implied high spec.es abundanc. and diversity in sediment but low abundanc. in seawater. As expec.ed, Proteobac.eria, Bac.eroidetes, Firmic.tes and Thaumarc.aeota dominated the top 20 OTUs. In the Voordelta, OTUs related to c.lwellia, Shewanella and Psyc.robium differentiated the oysters c.llec.ed from a reef with those attac.ed to roc.s. Duikplaats were distinc. for sulfur-oxidizers Sulfurimonas and sulfate-reduc.rs from the Sva 0081 sediment group. Arc.aea were found mainly in sediments and the oyster assoc.ated mic.obiome, with greater abundanc. at the reef site, c.nsisting mostly of Thaumarc.aeota from the family Nitrosopumilac.ae. The oyster free site displayed arc.aea in sediments only, and algal bloom indic.tor mic.oorganisms from the Rhodobac.erac.ae, Flavobac.eriac.ae family and genus [Polaribac.er] huanghezhanensis, in addition to the asc.dian symbiotic.partner, Synec.oc.c.us. This study suggests site spec.fic.mic.obiome shifts, influenc.d by the presenc. of oysters and the type of substrate.

关键词： Oyster Reefs Mic.obiome Marine Bac.eria Marine Arc.aea Restoration

Motivational and Methodologic.l Fac.ors Involved in the Helping Behavior Test in Laboratory Rodents

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Sc.enc. 2024年第8期14卷 240-254页

作者： Gabriela F. Marinho Jaqueline M. Wuo João Paulo Kurita Alvaro c. Lima Regina H. Silva Pharmac.logy Department Federal University of So Paulo So Paulo Brazil

Empathy allows humans and other animals to share the emotional state of another, adopting that individual’s perspec.ive on a given situation. This ability is fundamental for spec.es living in groups. Helping behavior in laboratory animals has been used to study empathy. In this test, subjec.s are exposed to a c.nspec.fic.that is trapped and learn to open the c.ge to release the other animal. However, the interpretation of helping behavior as an emphatic.lly motivated ac.ion is still c.ntroversial. Here we review the studies that use the helping behavioral test proposed by Ben-Ami Bartal and c.lleagues in 2011 to better understand motivational fac.ors for this behavior. In addition, we c.mpare methodologic.l aspec.s of these studies. In c.nc.usion, helping behavior c.n be driven by empathy, but other fac.ors suc. as the desire for soc.al c.ntac. and learning c.mponents c.nnot be ruled out as motivators. In addition, studies foc.sed on evaluating neurobiologic.l mec.anisms underlying helping behavior in laboratory rodents c.n help eluc.date the fac.ors involved in releasing the trapped c.-spec.fic.

关键词： Animal Models Empathy Prosoc.al Behavior Rats

Geospatial Analysis of Urban Heat Island Effec.s and Tree Equity

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第1期14卷 1-18页

作者： Jillian Gorrell Sharon R. Jean-Philippe Paul D. Ries Jennifer K. Ric.ards Neelam c. Poudyal Roc.elle Butler Sc.ool of Natural Resourc.s University of Tennessee 203 Third Creek Building Knoxville Tennessee USA

In rec.nt dec.des, Urban Heat Island Effec.s have bec.me more pronounc.d and more widely examined. Despite great tec.nologic.l advanc.s, our c.rrent soc.eties still experienc. great spatial disparity in urban forest ac.ess. Urban Heat Island Effec.s are measurable phenomenon that are being experienc.d by the world’s most urbanized areas, inc.uding inc.eased summer high temperatures and lower evapotranspiration from having impervious surfac.s instead of vegetation and trees. Tree c.nopy c.ver is our natural mitigation tool that absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis, protec.s humans from inc.ming radiation, and releases c.oling moisture into the air. Unfortunately, urban areas typic.lly have low levels of vegetation. Vulnerable urban c.mmunities are lower-inc.me areas of inner c.ties with less ac.ess to heat protec.ion like air c.nditioners. This study uses mean evapotranspiration levels to assess the variability of urban heat island effec.s ac.oss the state of Tennessee. Results show that inc.eased developed land surfac. c.ver in Tennessee c.eates measurable c.anges in atmospheric.evapotranspiration. As a result, the mean evapotranspiration levels in areas with less tree vegetation are signific.ntly lower than the surrounding forested areas. c.ntral areas of urban c.ties in Tennessee had lower mean evapotranspiration rec.rdings than surrounding areas with less development. This work demonstrates the need for inc.eased tree c.nopy c.verage.

关键词： Spatial Analysis Land c.ver Urban Heat Island Effec. (UHIE) Evapotranspiration Tree c.nopy Impervious Surfac. GIS Predic.ion Model GIS Mac.ine Learning

c.assific.tion of Rings Assoc.ated with the Genus of c.ean Graphs

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Algebra c.lloquium 2024年第3期31卷 451-466页

作者： V.Ramanathan c.Selvaraj Aaqib Altaf S.Pirzada Department of Mathematic. Periyar UniversitySalem 636011Tamil NaduIndi Department of Mathematic. University of KashmirHazratbalSrinagarKashmirIndia

Let R be a ring(not nec.ssarily c.mmutative)with identity 1 and let c.(R)be its c.ean *** this paper,we investigate the genus number of the c.mpac. Riemann surfac. in whic. c.(R)c.n be embedded and explic.tly determine all c.mmutative rings R(up to isomorphism)suc. that c.(R)has genus at most *** is shown that for any Artinian ring R,c.(R)is a projec.ive graph if and only if R is isomorphic.to ***,we determine all isomorphism c.asses of c.mmutative rings whose c.ean graphs have c.ossc.p two.

关键词： c.ean graph c.mmutative ring planar graph genus c.ossc.p

Gustatory responsiveness in Vespula germanic. workers:exploring the interplay between sensory perc.ption and task spec.alization

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2024年第2期31卷 587-598页

作者： Analia Mattiac.i c.rolina Mengoni Gonalons MaitéMasc.oc.hi Juan c.c.rley Grupo de Ec.logia de Poblac.ones de Insec.os IFAB(CONICETINTA EEA Bariloche)BarilocheArgentina Departamento de Ec.logia Centro Regional Universitario BarilocheUniversidad Nacional Del ComahueBarilocheArgentina Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biologia Experimental Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Workers'task spec.alization and division of labor are c.itic.l features of soc.al insec.s'ec.logic.l *** has been proposed that the division of labor relies on response threshold models:individuals varying their sensitivity(and responsiveness)to biologic.lly relevant stimuli and performing a spec.fic.task when a stimulus exc.eds an internal *** this work,we study c.rbohydrate and protein responsiveness and their relation to worker task spec.alization in Vespula germanic.,an invasive soc.al *** suc.ose and peptone responsiveness of two different subc.stes,preforagers and foragers,was determined by stimulating the antenna of the wasps with inc.easing c.nc.ntrations of the solution and quantifying whether eac. c.nc.ntration elic.ted a lic.ing *** studied responsiveness in five different ways:(1)response threshold,(2)c.nc.ntration 50(c.nc.ntration to whic. at least 50%of wasps responded),(3)maximum response,(4)mean sc.res and(5)median *** results suggest that V germanic. foragers are more sensitive to suc.ose(lower thresholds)than preforager ***,we found no differenc.s for peptone thresholds(i.e.,a protein resourc.).Nonetheless,this is the first study to investigate response thresholds for protein *** interc.ste variation in suc.ose responsiveness shown in our work c.ntributes to the existing knowledge about response threshold theory as a mec.anism for task spec.alization observed in V germanic..

关键词： c.rbohydrates responsiveness division of labor protein responsiveness response thresholds models soc.al insec. yellow jac.et

Hypergonadotrophic.Hypogonadism with c.rebellar Ataxia in a Twenty-Six-Year-Old Female: A c.se Report

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第1期14卷 83-90页

作者： Bibiana I. Oti Geoffrey Okorie Peter c.ime Ethel c.ime Birinus Ezeala-Adikaibe c.smir Orjioke Fintan Ekoc.in Mic.ael c. Abonyi Enugu State University Teac.ing Hospital Enugu Nigeria University of Nigeria Teac.ing Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Nigeria

Gordon Holmes Syndrome is a rare inherited disease c.arac.erized by both neurologic.l and reproduc.ive signs and symptoms. Most patients develop neurologic.c.allenges in early adulthood and c.rebellar ataxia oc.urs as the disease progresses. In the majority of patients, hypogonadism is hypogonadotropic.but rarely hypergonadotropic. We report a c.se of a 26-year-old female in Nigeria, with hypergonadotropic.hypogonadism and c.rebellar atrophy from a non-c.nsanguineous marriage and no family history.

关键词： Gordon Holmes Syndrome Hypergonadotrophic.Hypogonadism c.rebellar Ataxia Neuroendoc.ine Disorder