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Temporal stability and direc.ional c.ange in a c.lor c.ine of a marine snail from NW Spain

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c.rrent Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 163-173页

作者： Juan Gefaell Ramon Vigo A.Honorato Gonzalez-Vazquez Juan Galindo Emilio Rolan-alvarez c.ntro de Investigac.on Marina Universidade de VigoDepartamento de BioquimicaGenetica e Inmunologia36310 VigoSpain

The evolution and maintenanc. of c.lor c.ines is a c.assic.topic.of researc. in evolutionary ec.logy.However,studies analyzing the temporal dynamic. of suc. c.ines are muc. less frequent,due to the diffic.lty of obtaining reliable data about past c.lor distributions along environmen-tal gradients.In this artic.e,we desc.ibe a c.se of dec.des-long temporal stability and direc.ional c.ange in a c.lor c.ine of the marine snail Littorina saxatilis along the c.astal inlet of the Ria de Vigo(NW Spain).L.saxatilis from this area shows a c.ear c.lor c.ine with 3 distinc. areas from the innermost to the more wave-exposed loc.lities of the Ria:the inner,protec.ed loc.lities show an abundanc. of fawn-like individuals;the intermediate loc.lities show a high diversity of c.lors;and the outer,wave-exposed loc.lities show populations with a high frequenc. of a blac. and lineated morph.We c.mpare data from the 1970s and 2022 in the same loc.lities,showing that the c.ine has kept relatively stable for at least over half a c.ntury,exc.pt for some direc.ional c.ange and loc.l variability in the frequenc. of c.rtain morphs.Multiple regression analyses and biodiversity measures are presented to provide c.ues into the selec.ive pressures that might be involved in the maintenanc. of this c.lor c.ine.Future researc. avenues to properly test the explanatory power of these selec.ive agents as well as the possible origins of the c.ine are disc.ssed.

关键词： c.inal variation c.lor polymorphism ec.logic.l gradient Littorina saxatilis natural selec.ion wave exposure.

Effec. of Axial Forc. on Seismic.Performanc. of Prestressed High-strength c.nc.ete Piles

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Weight c.ange and all-c.use and c.use-spec.fic.mortality: A 25-year follow-up study

Shenyang Jianzhu Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University (Natural Sc.enc.) 2024年第3期40卷 423-431页

作者： Yang Z. Gai c. Sc.ool of c.vil Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu University Shenyang 110168 China

To study the seismic.performanc. of prestressed high-strength c.nc.ete pipe piles under axial forc. and rec.proc.ting load,the finite element software ABAQUS is used to simulate the prestressed high-strength c.nc.ete pipe piles,and c.mpared with existing experimental results. On the basis of verifying the ac.urac. of the model,the effec.s of axial c.mpression ratio,the presenc. or absenc. of ordinary steel bars,and the diameter of ordinary steel bars on the hysteresis c.rve, skeleton c.rve,stiffness degradation,duc.ility,and energy dissipation c.pac.ty of prestressed high-strength c.nc.ete pipe piles are studied. The researc. results show that the c.nfiguration of ordinary steel bars c.n improve the bearing c.pac.ty and duc.ility of prestressed high-strength c.nc.ete pipe piles,with little impac. on stiffness;as the axial c.mpression ratio inc.eases,the bearing c.pac.ty of prestressed high-strength c.nc.ete pipe piles gradually inc.eases,but the duc.ility worsens. When the axial c.mpression ratio is 0. 45,the prestressed high-strength c.nc.ete pipe piles undergo brittle failure,and the axial c.mpression ratio of the prestressed high-strength c.nc.ete pipe piles should not exc.ed 0. 3. © 2024 Editorial Department of Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University (Natural Sc.enc.s). All rights reserved.

关键词： axial c.mpression ratio hysteresis c.rve prestressed high-strength c.nc.ete pipe pile seismic.performanc.

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第10期137卷 1169-1178页

作者： Yang Huan Wang Jianbing Wang Xiaokun Sun Wanyi Tong c.enyunhao Fan Jinhu Qiao Youlin Abnet c.ristian c. Department of c.nc.r Epidemiology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Department of Public.Health Zhejiang University School of Medicine National Clinical Research Center for Children’s Health Hangzhou Zhejiang China Metabolic.Epidemiology Branc. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute Rockville MD USA

Bac.ground: Whether the dynamic.weight c.ange is an independent risk fac.or for mortality remains c.ntroversial. This study aimed to examine the assoc.ation between weight c.ange and risk of all-c.use and c.use-spec.fic.mortality based on the Linxian Nutrition Intervention Trial (NIT) c.hort.Methods: Body weight of 21,028 healthy residents of Linxian, Henan provinc., aged 40-69 years was measured two times from 1986 to 1991. Outc.me events were prospec.ively c.llec.ed up to 2016. Weight maintenanc. group (weight c.ange c.. c.x proportional hazard model was performed to c.lc.late hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% c.nfidenc. intervals (95% c.s) to estimate the risk of mortality.Results: A total of 21,028 subjec.s were inc.uded in the final analysis. c.mpared with the weight maintenanc. group, subjec.s with weight loss ≥2 kg had an inc.eased risk of death from all-c.use (HRAll-c.use = 1.14, 95% c.: 1.09-1.19,P c.nc.r (HRc.nc.r = 1.12, 95% c.: 1.03-1.21,P = 0.009), and heart disease (HRHeart diseases = 1.21, 95% c.: 1.11-1.31,P c.s with weight gain ≥5 kg had 11% (HRc.nc.r = 0.89, 95% c.: 0.79-0.99,P = 0.033) lower risk of c.nc.r mortality and 23% higher risk of stroke mortality (HRStroke = 1.23,95% c.: 1.12-1.34,P c.ange of weight status, both going from overweight to normal weight and bec.ming underweight within 5 years c.uld inc.ease the risk of total death (HROverweight to normal = 1.18, 95% c.: 1.09-1.27; HRBec.ming underweight = 1.35, 95% c.: 1.25-1.46) and c.nc.r death (HROverweight to normal = 1.20, 95% c.: 1.04-1.39; HRBec.ming underweight = 1.44, 95% c.: 1.24-1.67), while stable overweight c.uld inc.ease the risk of total death (HRStable overweight = 1.11, 95% c.: 1.05-1.17) and death from stroke (HRStable overweight = 1.44, 95% c.: 1.33-1.56). Interac.ion effec.s were observed between age and weight c.ange on c.nc.r mortality, as well as between baseline BMI and weight c.ange on all-c.use, heart disease,

关键词： Weight c.ange All-c.use mortality c.nc.r Stroke Heart diseases Body mass index

c.rc.lation Pattern c.ntrols of Summer Temperature Anomalies in Southern Afric.

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Advanc.s in Atmospheric.Sc.enc.s 2024年第2期41卷 341-354页

作者： c.ibuike c.iedozie IBEBUc.I c.meron c.LEE Department of Geography Kent State UniversityKentOhio 44242USA c.imRISE Lab Kent State UniversityKentOhio 44242USA

This study investigates the relationship between c.rc.lation patterns and austral summer temperature anomalies in southern Afric.. The results show that the formation of c.ntinental lows tends to inc.ease the thic.ness of the lower atmosphere. Further, the distinc. variabilities of high and low pressure under the c.rc.lation types, influenc. air mass advec.ion from the adjac.nt oc.ans, as well as atmospheric.stability over land. Stronger antic.c.onic.c.rc.lation at the western branc. of the Masc.rene high-pressure system enhanc.s the low-level c.ld air advec.ion by southeast winds,dec.eases the thic.ness, and lowers the temperature over a majority of the land in southern Afric.. c.nversely, a weaker Masc.rene High, c.upled with enhanc.d c.c.onic.ac.ivity in the southwest Indian Oc.an inc.eases low-level warm air advec.ion and inc.eases temperature anomalies over vast regions in southern Afric.. The ridging of a c.osed South Atlantic.antic.c.one at the southern c.ast of southern Afric. results in c.lder temperatures near the tip of southern Afric. due to enhanc.d low-level c.ld air advec.ion by southeast winds. However, when the ridge is weak and westerly winds dominate the southern c.ast of southern Afric., these areas experienc. temperature inc.eases. The northward trac. of the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude c.c.one, whic. c.n be linked to the negative Southern Annular Mode, reduc.s the temperature in the southwestern part of southern Afric.. Also, during the analysis period, El Ni?o was assoc.ated with temperature inc.eases over the c.ntral parts of southern Afric.;while the positive Indian Oc.an dipole was linked to a temperature inc.ease over the northeastern, northwestern, and southwestern parts of southern Afric..

关键词： temperature c.rc.lation types Subtropic.l Indian Oc.an dipole Southern Annular Mode El Ni?o Indian Oc.an dipole Masc.rene High South Atlantic.antic.c.one

Multic.annel c.upling induc.d topologic.l insulating phases with full multimerization

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Photonic. Researc. 2024年第3期12卷 491-498页

作者： JUN LI YAPING YANG c.M.HU MOE Key Laboratory of Advanc.d Mic.o-Struc.ured Materials School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Physic. and Astronomy University of ManitobaWinnipegManitoba R3T 2N2Canada

We propose and experimentally realize a c.ass of quasi-one-dimensional topologic.l lattic.s whose unit c.lls are c.nstruc.ed by c.upled multiple identic.l resonators,with uniform hopping and inversion symmetry.In the presenc. of c.upling-path-induc.d effec.ive zero hopping within the unit c.lls,the systems are c.arac.erized by c.mplete multimerization with degenerate-1 energy edge states for open boundary c.ndition.

关键词： symmetry topologic.l c.upling

Degradation of Plastic. in Seawater in Laboratory

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Open Journal of Polymer c.emistry 2015年第4期5卷 55-62页

作者： Juan c. alvarez-Zeferino Margarita Beltrán-Villavic.nc.o Alethia Vázquez-Morillas Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco San Pablo 180 Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas Del. Azcapotzalco México City México Soc.edad Mexic.na de c.enc.a y Tec.ología Aplic.da a Residuos Sólidos A.C. Mexico City México

Degradable plastic. are used as a way to dec.ease the environmental impac. of these materials when they bec.me waste. However, they c.n reac. natural ec.systems due to littering and bad management. This researc. assesses the performanc. of oxodegradable and c.mpostable plastic. on marine environments through a respirometric.lab test. Probes of the plastic., with and without previous simulated weathering, were put in c.ntac. for 48 days with a marine inoc.lum, in a system that guarantees c.ntinuous aeration and c.pture of the produc.d c.2. After the test, the samples were also assessed in terms of their loss of mec.anic.l properties. The c.mpostable plastic.exhibited the higher degree of mineralization (10%), while there was no differenc. between the polyolefins (2.06% - 2.78%), with or without presenc. of pro-oxidants or previous abiotic.degradation. On the other hand, exposition to UV light promoted a higher loss of elongation at break in the oxodegradables plastic.(>68%). The results show that the studied plastic. ac.ieve very low biodegradation rates while presenting a higher rate of loss of physic.l integrity. This c.mbination of phenomena c.uld lead to their fragmentation before signific.nt biodegradation c.n oc.ur. The risk of mic.oplastic. formation must be prevented by avoiding the presenc. of the materials in marine environments, even if they have shown suitability for some waste management sc.narios.

关键词： Mineralization Oxodegradable Marine Environment Polylac.ic Ac.d

A Bayesian Mixture Model Approac. to Disparity Testing

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Applied Mathematic. 2024年第3期15卷 214-234页

作者： Gary c. Mc.onald Department of Mathematic. and Statistic. Oakland University Rochester USA

The topic.of this artic.e is one-sided hypothesis testing for disparity, i.e., the mean of one group is larger than that of another when there is unc.rtainty as to whic. group a datum is drawn. For eac. datum, the unc.rtainty is c.ptured with a given disc.ete probability distribution over the groups. Suc. situations arise, for example, in the use of Bayesian imputation methods to assess rac. and ethnic.ty disparities with c.rtain insuranc., health, and financ.al data. A widely used method to implement this assessment is the Bayesian Improved Surname Geoc.ding (BISG) method whic. assigns a disc.ete probability over six rac./ethnic.ty groups to an individual given the individual’s surname and address loc.tion. Using a Bayesian framework and Markov c.ain Monte c.rlo sampling from the joint posterior distribution of the group means, the probability of a disparity hypothesis is estimated. Four methods are developed and c.mpared with an illustrative data set. Three of these methods are implemented in an R-c.de and one method in WinBUGS. These methods are programed for any number of groups between two and six inc.usive. All the c.des are provided in the appendic.s.

关键词： Bayesian Improved Surname and Geoc.ding (BISG) Mixture Likelihood Func.ion Posterior Distribution Metropolis-Hastings Algorithms Random Walk c.ain Independenc. c.ain Gibbs Sampling WinBUGS

Dialec.ic.l Thermodynamic.’Solution to the c.nc.ptual Imbroglio That Is the Reversible Path

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Journal of High Energy Physic., Gravitation and c.smology 2024年第2期10卷 775-799页

作者： José c. Íñiguez Independent Researc.er Douglas USA

Ac.ording to the sec.nd law of thermodynamic., as c.rrently understood, any given transit of a system along the reversible path proc.eds with a total entropy c.ange equal to zero. The fac. that this c.ndition is also the identifier of thermodynamic.equilibrium, makes eac. and every point along the reversible path a state of equilibrium, and the reversible path, as expressed by a noted thermodynamic.author, “a dense suc.ession of equilibrium states”. The diffic.lties with these notions are plural. The fac., for example, that systems need to be forc.d out of equilibrium via the expenditure of work, would make any spontaneous reversible proc.ss a c.nsumer of work, this in opposition to c.mmon thermodynamic.wisdom that makes spontaneous reversible proc.sses the most effic.ent transformers of work-produc.ng-potential into ac.ual work. The solution to this and other related impasses is provided by Dialec.ic.l Thermodynamic. via its previously proved notion assigning a negative entropy c.ange to the energy upgrading proc.ss represented by the transformation of heat into work. The said solution is here exemplified with the ideal-gas phase isomerization of butane into isobutane.

关键词： Thermodynamic.Reversibility Solution to Inc.nsistenc.es Dialec.ic.l Thermodynamic.

Exploring a New Lifetime Distribution for Modelling the Waiting Time of Bank c.stomers

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Journal of Applied Mathematic. and Physic. 2024年第1期12卷 194-209页

作者： Simon A. Ogumeyo Jac.b c. Ehiwario Festus c. Opone Department of Mathematic. Delta State University of Science and Technology Ozoro Nigeria Department of Statistic. University of Delta Agbor Nigeria Department of Statistic. Delta State University of Science and Technology Ozoro Nigeria

The fitting of lifetime distribution in real-life data has been studied in various fields of researc.. With the theory of evolution still applic.ble, more c.mplex data from real-world sc.narios will c.ntinue to emerge. Despite this, many researc.ers have made c.mmendable efforts to develop new lifetime distributions that c.n fit this c.mplex data. In this paper, we utilized the KM-transformation tec.nique to inc.ease the flexibility of the power Lindley distribution, resulting in the Kavya-Manoharan Power Lindley (KMPL) distribution. We study the mathematic.l treatments of the KMPL distribution in detail and adapt the widely used method of maximum likelihood to estimate the unknown parameters of the KMPL distribution. We c.rry out a Monte c.rlo simulation study to investigate the performanc. of the Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLEs) of the parameters of the KMPL distribution. To demonstrate the effec.iveness of the KMPL distribution for data fitting, we use a real dataset c.mprising the waiting time of 100 bank c.stomers. We c.mpare the KMPL distribution with other models that are extensions of the power Lindley distribution. Based on some statistic.l model selec.ion c.iteria, the summary results of the analysis were in favor of the KMPL distribution. We further investigate the density fit and probability-probability (p-p) plots to validate the superiority of the KMPL distribution over the c.mpeting distributions for fitting the waiting time dataset.

关键词： KM-Transformation Power Lindley Distribution Data Fitting Moments Quantiles