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Energy and economic analysis of a point-focus concentrating photovoltaic system when its installation site varies

Frontiers in Energy 2021年第2期15卷 384-395页

作者： c.RENNO A.PERONE Department of Industrial Engineering University of SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II13284084 Fisciano(Salerno)Italy

The concentrating photovoltaic (cPV) systems are a promising technology to obtain clean energy. However, these systems are not equally convenient worldwide due to different climatic conditions. The main aim of this paper is to analyze energy and economic performances of a point-focus cPV system for a residential user when its installation site varies. Three locations, Riyadh, copenhagen, and Palermo, characterized by very different weather conditions are chosen. A model that links the electrical power of a triple-junction (TJ) cell with its temperature and concentrated radiation incident on it is experimentally developed to evaluate the energy performance of the cPV system. A comparison of the three localities for typical winter and summer sunny days indicates that the higher values of the TJ cell temperature are reached in summer, over 70°c at Riyadh, and its electrical power is reduced compared to a winter day. In winter, a TJ cell in Riyadh supplies an electric power of about 20% higher than that in other two cities, while in summer, the maximum power is observed at copenhagen. On the contrary, the electrical producibility also depends on the sunlight daily hours number during the year. Hence, considering the real distribution of direct normal irradiance (DNI) and the environmental temperature for each locality, a cPV system composed of modules of 90 cells adopted for a residential user is sized. The electric producibility of the cPV system, by varying its module number, is evaluated for different localities together with the optimal number of the modules which is able to maximize the investment profitability.

关键词： cPV system point-focus experimental model energy and economic analysis

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A reference evapotranspiration map for Bosnia and Herzegovina

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International Soil and Water conservation Research 2019年第1期7卷 89-101页

作者： Sabrija(c)adro Salwa cherni-(c)adro Mihajlo Markovi(c) Jasminka(Z)urovec University of Sarajevo(UNSA) Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences(PPF)Bosnia and Herzegovina Hydro-Engineering Institute Sarajevo(HEIS) Bosnia and Herzegovina University of Banja Luka(UNIBL) Faculty of AgricultureBosnia and Herzegovina

There are three major challenges for climatic data availability for Reference Evapotranspiration (ET0) calculations in Bosnia and Herzegovina:limited data availability,discontinuity of data records,and low station *** main objective of this study was to apply reliable methods to calculate and spatially distribute ET0,while considering the impact of the elevation.A 20 m spatial resolution map was created for mean ET0 values at monthly,vegetation period (April-September) and annual temporal resolution at municipality (143 municipalities),regional (4 regions) and national spatial resolutions.108 weather stations for the period 1961-2016 (56 years) were utilized for spatial interpolation of ET0 using kriging with external drift *** required elevation for ET0 estimation at each grid node was ext'acted from the digital elevation model of Bosnia and ***0 was calculated using FAO-56 PenmanMonteith,and in cases where only minimum and maximum temperature data were available the Hargreaves-Samani equation adjusted with locally appropriate empirical radiation coefficient was used.A gradual decrease of mean ET0 values from the southern to central and northern to central part of the country is *** the all seasons (monthly,vegetation and annually),the southern region has greater ET0 than the other three regions (north,west and central-east),which are *** long-term mean annual ET0 for Bosnia and Herzegovina is 716 mm,approximately 78% (559 mm) of which occurs during in the vegetation period.

关键词： Reference evapotranspiration Interpolation Penman-Monteith Limited data calibration

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Inaccuracies in the history of a well-known introduction:a case study of the Australian House Sparrow(Passer domesticus)

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chinese Birds 2016年第2期7卷 95-109页

作者： Samuel c.Andrew Simon c.Griffith Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University

Background:Modern ecosystems contain many invasive species as a result of the activity of acclimatisation societies that operated in the second half of the nineteenth century,and these species provide good opportunities for studying invasion ***,to gain insight into the ecological and genetic mechanisms that determine the rate of colonization and adaptation to new environments,we need a good understanding of the history of the introduced species,and a knowledge of the source population,timing,and number of individuals introduced is particularly ***,any inaccuracies in the history of an introduction will affect subsequent assumptions and ***:Focusing on a single well-known species,the House Sparrow(Passer domesticus),we have documented the introduction into Australia using primary sources(*** records and newspaper articles).Results:Our revised history differs in a number of significant ways from previous *** evidence indicates that the House Sparrow was not solely introduced from source populations in England but also from Germany and most strikingly also from India—with the latter birds belonging to a different *** also clarify the distinction between the number released and the number of founders,due to pre-release captive breeding programs,as well as identifying inaccuracies in a couple of well-cited sources with respect to the range expansion of the introduced ***:Our work suggests that caution is required for those studying introductions using the key sources of historical information and ideally should review original sources of information to verify the accuracy of published accounts.

关键词： Acclimatisation Bottlenecks Propagule size Range expansion Hybridisation

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Energy storage and harvesting in BaTiO_(3)/epoxy nanodielectrics

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High Voltage 2016年第4期1卷 151-157页

作者： Georgia c.Manika Georgios c.Psarras Department of Materials Science University of Patras26504PatrasGreece

composite nanodielectrics consisted of an epoxy resin and barium titanate nanoparticles were developed and *** measurements were performed via broadband dielectric *** results reveal the presence of three relaxation processes,which are attributed to(a)glass to rubber transition of the polymer matrix(α-mode),(b)re-arrangement of polar side groups(β-mode)and(c)interfacial polarisation between system’s *** ability of the examined nanodielectrics to store and harvest energy was also examined in dc *** dc voltage varied in the range of 10–240 *** data indicate that increasing the applied dc field results to higher values of the stored and harvested *** energy efficiency was also investigated in all *** filler content enhances the coefficient of energy efficiency(neff)up to 58.2%for the 7 phr BaTiO_(3)nanocomposite at 200 V and 10 s charging/discharging time.

关键词： spectroscopy. rubber arrangement

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Sources and Deficiency Diseases of Mineral Nutrients in Human Health and Nutrition:A Review

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Pedosphere 2014年第1期24卷 13-38页

作者： U.c.GUPTA S.c.GUPTA Agriculture and Agri-canada canada Crops and Livestock Research Centre The Department of Plastic Surgery Loma Linda University

Mineral nutrients are fundamentally metals and other inorganic compounds. The life cycle of these mineral nutrients begins in soil, their primary source. Soil provides minerals to plants and through the plants the minerals go to animals and humans; animal products are also the source of mineral nutrients for humans. Plant foods contain almost all of the mineral nutrients established as essential for human nutrition. They provide much of our skeletal structure, e.g., bones and teeth. They are critical to countless body processes by serving as essential co-factors for a number of enzymes. Humans can not utilize most foods without critical minerals and enzymes responsible for digestion and absorption. Though mineral nutrients are essential nutrients, the body requires them in small, precise amounts. We require them in the form found in crops and they can be classified into three different categories： major, secondary, and micro or trace minerals. This classification is based upon their requirement rather than on their relative importance. Major minerals such as potassium （K） and phosphorus （P） are required in amounts of up to 10 g d-1. The daily requirement of secondary and micro minerals ranges from 400 to 1 500 mg d-1 and 45 ~tg d-1 to 11 mg d-1, respectively. To protect humans from mineral nutrient deficiencies, the key is to consume a variety of foods in modest quantities, such as different whole grains, low fat dairy, and different meats, vegetables and fruits. For insurance purposes, a supplement containing various mineral nutrients can be taken daily.

关键词： deficiency diseases deficiency symptoms origin recommended daily dose toxicity

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3D FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF THE DAMAGE EFFEcTS ON THE DENTAL cOMPOSITE SUBJEcT TO WATER SORPTION

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2006年第3期19卷 212-222页

作者： Tsui c.P. chow c.L. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong ChinaDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Michigan-DearbornDearbornMichiganUSA

The damage effects of water sorption on the mechanical properties of the hydroxyapatite particle reinforced Bis-GMA/TEGDMA copolymer （HA/Bis-GMA/TEGDMA） h-ave been predicted using 3D finite cell models. The plasticizer effect on the polymer matrix was considered as a variation of its Young＇s modulus. Three different cell models were used to determine the influence of varying particle contents, interphase strength and moisture concentration on the debonding damage. The stress distribution pattern has been examined and the stress transfer mode clarified. The Young＇s modulus and fracture strength of the Bis-GMA/TEGDMA composite were also predicted using the model with and without consideration of the damage. ine Iormer results with consideration of the debonding damage are in good agreement with existing literature experimental data. The shielding effect of our proposed model and an alternative approach were discussed. The Fcc cell model has also been extended to predict the critical load for the damaged and the undamaged composite subject to the 3-point flexural test.

关键词： water sorption dental composite interphase debonding finite element method (FEM) unit cell model

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Refnement of the supercontinent cycle with Hf, Nd and Sr isotopes

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第6期4卷 667-680页

作者： Kent c.condie Richard c.Aster Department of Earth and Environmental Science New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology Geosciences Department Colorado State University

The combined use of Hf,Nd and Sr isotopes is more useful in understanding the supercontinent cycle than the use of only Hf isotopic data from detrital *** and Nd seawater isotopes,although not as precise as εNd and εHf distributions,also record input from ocean ridge *** detrital zircons where sources cannot be precisely located because of crustal recycling,both the location and tectonic setting often can be constrained for whole-rock Nd isotopic ***,primary zircon sources may not reside on the same continent as derivative detrital zircons due to supercontinent breakup and *** to all of the isotopic studies are geographic sampling biases reflecting outcrop distributions,river system sampling,or geologists,and these may be responsible for most of the decorrelation observed between isotopic *** between 3.5 and 2 Ga based on εHf median values of four detrital zircon databases as well as our compiled εNd database are noisy but uniformly distributed in time,whereas data between 2 and 1 Ga data are more tightly clustered with smaller *** age peaks suggest that both isotopic systems are sampling similar types of *** after 1 Ga and before 3.5 Ga do we see wide variations and significant disagreement between databases,which may partially reflect variations in both the number of sample locations and the number of samples per *** and internal orogens show similar patterns in εNd and εHfwith age suggesting that both juvenile and reworked crustal components are produced in both types of orogens with similar ***,both types of orogens clearly produce more juvenile isotopic signatures in retreating mode than in advancing *** secular changes in εHf and εNd distributions correlate with the supercontinent *** supercontinent breakup is correlated with short-lived decreasing εHf and εNd （≤ 100 Myr） for most supercontinents,there is no isotopic evidence for

关键词： Supercontinent cycle Hf isotopes Nd isotopes collisional orogens Accretionary orogens

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A Dimension-Reduction Interval Analysis Method for Uncertain Problems

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computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2017年第3期113卷 239-259页

作者： J.c.Tang c.M.Fu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha City410082P.R.China college of Mechanical Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001P.R.China

In this paper,an efficient interval analysis method called dimension-reduction interval analysis(DRIA)method is proposed to calculate the bounds of response functions with interval variables,which provides a kind of solution method for uncertainty analysis problems of complex structures and ***,multi-dimensional function is transformed into multiple one-dimensional functions by extending dimension reduction method to the interval analysis ***,all the one-dimensional functions are transformed to standard quadratic form by second order Taylor expansion *** a result,the multi-dimensional function is approximately represented by the functions that each interval variable occurs once,and interval power arithmetic can be used to efficiently calculate the bounds of response functions in restricted ***,three numerical examples and an engineering application are investigated to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.

关键词： Interval uncertainty interval analysis dimension-reduction method over estimation

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Angular Differential cross-Section for Ionization of Helium in c^6＋ Ion collision

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chinese Physics Letters 2004年第7期21卷 1258-1261页

作者： A.c.Gagyi-Palffy I.F.Barna L.Gulyas K.Tokesi DepartmentofTheoreticalPhysics UniversityofBucharestRomania Max-Planck-InstituteforPhysicsofcomplexSystems NothnitzerStr.38O1187DresdenGermany InstituteofNuclearResearch HungarianAcademyofScience(ATOMKI)1-1-4001DebrecenPOBox51Hungary

With the help of the density operator, the angular differential cross-section for ionization of helium is calculated within the framework of the one-centre atomic-orbital close-coupling method. We consider a naked c6+ ion as projectile with an energy of 2.5MeV/a.u. Our result agrees well with the experimental data and the other theoretical calculations such as the first Born approximation, various Distorted Wave models and the classical trajectory Monte carlo simulation.

关键词： Monte carlo methods

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Artificial urinary sphincter:current status and future directions

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第2期22卷 154-157页

作者： culley c carson Department of Urology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA

Urge urinary incontinence(UUI)is one of the most troublesome complications of surgery of the prostate whether for malignancy or benign *** many decades,there have been attempts to reduce the morbidity of this outcome with variable *** its development in the 1970s,the artificial urinary sphincter(AUS)has been the“gold standard”for treatment of the most severe cases of *** attempts including injectable bulking agents,previous sphincter designs,and slings have been developed,but largely abandoned because of poor long-term efficacy and significant *** AUS has had several sentinel redesigns since its first introduction to reduce erosion and infection and increase *** of these changes in the basic AUS design have occurred in the past three decades,and the AUS remains the same despite newer technology and materials that could improve its function and ***,newer compressive devices and slings to reposition the bladder neck for men with mildto-moderate UUI have been developed with success in select ***,the AUS has had applied antibiotic coating to all portions except the pressure-regulating balloon(PRB)to reduce infection *** basic AUS design,however,has not *** newer electronic technology,the concept of the electronic AUS or eAUS has been proposed and several possible iterations of this eAUS have been *** the eAUS is as yet not available,its development continues and a prototype device may be available *** design options are discussed in this review.

关键词： artificial sphincter bladder sling prostate sphincter urinary incontinence

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