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Artificial intelligence and liver transplantation:Looking for the best donor-recipient pairing

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第4期21卷 347-353页

作者： Javier Briceno Rafael calleja César Hervás Unit of Liver Transplantation Department of General SurgeryHospital Universitario Reina SofíaCórdobaSpain Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of córdoba(IMIBIc) CórdobaSpain Department of computer sciences and Numerical Analysis Universidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain

Decision-making based on artificial intelligence(AI)methodology is increasingly present in all areas of modern medicine.In recent years,models based on deep-learning have begun to be used in organ transplantation.Taking into account the huge number of factors and variables involved in donor-recipient(DR)matching,AI models may be well suited to improve organ allocation.AI-based models should provide two solutions:complement decision-making with current metrics based on logistic regression and improve their predictability.Hundreds of classifiers could be used to address this problem.However,not all of them are really useful for D-R pairing.Basically,in the decision to assign a given donor to a candidate in waiting list,a multitude of variables are handled,including donor,recipient,logistic and perioperative variables.Of these last two,some of them can be inferred indirectly from the team’s previous experience.Two groups of AI models have been used in the D-R matching:artificial neural networks(ANN)and random forest(RF).The former mimics the functional architecture of neurons,with input layers and output layers.The algorithms can be uni-or multi-objective.In general,ANNs can be used with large databases,where their generalizability is improved.However,they are models that are very sensitive to the quality of the databases and,in essence,they are black-box models in which all variables are important.Unfortunately,these models do not allow to know safely the weight of each variable.On the other hand,RF builds decision trees and works well with small cohorts.In addition,they can select top variables as with logistic regression.However,they are not useful with large databases,due to the extreme number of decision trees that they would generate,making them impractical.Both ANN and RF allow a successful donor allocation in over 80%of D-R pairing,a number much higher than that obtained with the best statistical metrics such as model for end-stage liver disease,balance of risk score,and survival outcomes following liver tra

关键词： Donor-recipient matching Artificial intelligence Deep learning Artificial neural networks Random forest Liver transplantation outcome

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cyst fluid glucose: An alternative to carcinoembryonic antigen for pancreatic mucinous cysts

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第19期25卷 2271-2278页

作者： césar Vivian Lopes Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Santa Casa Hospital

Pancreatic cystic lesions(PcLs) have been increasingly recognized in clinical practice. Although inflammatory cysts(pseudocysts) are the most common PcLs detected by cross-sectional imaging modalities in symptomatic patients in a setting of acute or chronic pancreatitis, incidental pancreatic cysts with no symptoms or history of pancreatitis are usually neoplastic cysts. For these lesions,it is imperative to identify mucinous cysts(intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms) due to the risk of their progression to malignancy. However, no single imaging modality alone is sufficient for a definitive diagnosis of all PcLs. The cyst fluid obtained by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration provides additional information for the differential diagnosis of PcLs. current recommendations suggest sending cyst fluid for cytology evaluation and measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen(cEA) levels. Unfortunately, the sensitivity of cytology is greatly limited, and cyst fluid cEA has demonstrated insufficient accuracy as a predictor of mucinous cysts. More recently, cyst fluid glucose has emerged as an alternative to cEA for distinguishing between mucinous and nonmucinous lesions. Herein, the clinical utility of cyst fluid glucose and cEA for the differential diagnosis of PcLs was evaluated.

关键词： carcinoembryonic antigen Differential diagnosis Fine-needle biopsy Glucose Pancreatic cyst Tumor marker

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Effects of the availability of floral resources and neighboring plants on nectar robbery in a specialized pollination system

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current Zoology 2022年第5期68卷 541-548页

作者： Júlia Mendonça Almeida caio césar corrêa Missagia Maria Alice santos Alves Graduação Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro(UNIRIO)CEPAvenida Pasteur458Rio de Janeiro 22290-240Brazil Departamento de Ecologia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e EvoluçãoInstituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes(IBRAG)Laboratório de Ecologia de Aves e ComportamentoUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro(UERJ)Rua São Francisco Xavier524 Rio de JaneiroRJCEPRio de Janeiro 20550-011Brazil Departamento de Ecologia IBRAGLaboratório de Ecologia de Aves UERJ.Rua São Francisco Xavier524 Rio de JaneiroRJCEPRio de Janeiro 20550-011Brazil

Many plants pollinated by nectar-foraging animals have to maintain a balance between legitimate visitor attraction strategies and mechanisms that minimize illegitimate visits.This study investigated how floral display and neighboring species composition influences nectar robbing by hummingbirds in the tropical ornithophilous herb Heliconia spathocircinata.We tested the role of inflorescence display,flower abundance,and neighboring species in the reduction of nectar robbing in H.spathocircinata.Our results indicate that nectar robbing hummingbird activity was higher in moderately large inflorescence displays and that the frequency of nectar robbing in H.spathocircinata decreases with increased flower abundance and the presence of neighboring plant species.Neighboring non-ornithophilous plants decreased the frequency of nectar robbing in H.spathocircinata flowers to a greater extent than ornithophilous ones.These results suggest that nectar robbing hummingbirds are attracted to similar conditions that attract legitimate visitors and that spatial aggregation and mixed-species displays may represent a mechanism to dilute nectar robbing effects at an individual level.

关键词： Brazilian Atlantic forest density floral antagonists Heliconiaceae

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Oxygen-vacancy induced magnetic phase transitions in multiferroic thin films

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npj computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1047-1055页

作者： césar Menéndez Dewei chu claudio cazorla school of Materials science and Engineering UNSW SydneySydneyNSW 2052Australia

Multiferroics in which giant ferroelectric polarization and magnetism coexist are of tremendous potential for engineering disruptive applications in information storage and energy conversion.Yet the functional properties of multiferroics are thought to be affected detrimentally by the presence of point defects,which may be abundant due to the volatile nature of some constituent atoms and the high temperatures involved in the synthesis of materials.Here,we demonstrate with theoretical methods that oxygen vacancies may enhance the functionality of multiferroics by radically changing their magnetic interactions in thin films.specifically,oxygen vacancies may restore missing magnetic super-exchange interactions in large axial ratio phases,leading to full antiferromagnetic spin ordering,and induce the stabilization of ferrimagnetic states with considerable net magnetizations.Our theoretical study should help to clarify the origins of long-standing controversies in bismuth ferrite and improve the design of technological applications based on multiferroics.

关键词： magnetic Oxygen transitions

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Non-sT elevation acute coronary syndrome in the elderly

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Journal of Geriatric cardiology 2020年第1期17卷 9-15页

作者： Pablo Díez-Villanueva césar Jiménez Méndez Fernando Alfonso cardiology Department Hospital Universitario La Princesa Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

1 Introduction societies are ageing at an accelerated pace.This scenario is a well-known challenge for health care systems,as chronic diseases,multiple comorbidities and dependency are all entities that often converge in the elderly.Besides,there is an issue regarding a reduction in the general incidence of acute coronary syndrome(Acs)together with a delayed in the age of presentation,which,in sum,lead to an increase in both incidence and prevalence of Acs with age,especially non-sT elevation myocardial infarction(NsTEMI).

关键词： Acute coronary syndrome Myocardial infarction The elderly

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Heart failure in the elderly

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Journal of Geriatric cardiology 2021年第3期18卷 219-232页

作者： Pablo Díez-Villanueva césar Jiménez-Méndez Fernando Alfonso cardiology Department Hospital Universitario La PrincesaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCIBER-CVMadridSpain

Heart failure(HF)is a clinical syndrome caused by structural and/or functional cardiac abnormalities,resulting in a reduced cardiac output and/or elevated intracardiac filling pressures at rest or during stress.HF is a major public health problem with high prevalence and incidence,involving both high morbidity and mortality,but also high economic costs.The incidence of HF progressively increases with age,reaching around 20%among people over 75 years old.Indeed,HF represents the leading cause of hospitalization in patients older than 65 years in Western countries.Hence,some authors even consider HF a geriatric syndrome,entailing worse prognosis and high residual disability,and often associating some complex comorbidities,common in older population,that may further complicate the course of the disease.On the other hand,however,clinical course and prognosis may be often difficult to predict.In this article,main pathophysiological issues related to the aging heart are addressed,together with key aspects related to both diagnosis and prognosis in elderly patients with HF.Besides,main geriatric conditions,common in the elderly population,are reviewed,highlighting the importance of a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach.

关键词： diagnosis elevated mortality

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Effects of drinking water supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri,and a mixture of reuterin and microcin J25 on the growth performance,caecal microbiota and selected metabolites of broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 1209-1221页

作者： Liya Zhang Laila Ben said Nadège hervé séverine Zirah Moussa sory Diarra Ismail Fliss Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods UniversitéLavalQCQuébecCanada sollio Agriculture MontréalQCCanada Molécules de communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleParisFrance Guelph Research and Development centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaGuelphONCanada.

Background:since the overuse of antibiotics in animal production has led to a selection of antibiotic-resistant pathogens that affect humans and animals as well.scientists are therefore searching for novel natural alternatives to antibiotics.In this study Lactobacillus reuteri and a combination of reuterin and microcin J25(RJ)were evaluated as promoters of growth and modulators of the cecal microbiota and metabolite profiles in broiler chickens.Oneday-old cobb 500 male broilers were distributed to 8 treatments:negative control(without antibiotic),positive control(bacitracin),three concentrations of RJ and three doses of L.reuteri plus glycerol.The birds(2176,34 per pen,8 pens per treatment)were reared for 35 d.Results:The body weight of the bacitracin and 5 mmol/L reuterin combined with 0.08μmol/L microcin J25(10RJ)treatment group was significantly higher than that of the negative control group(Psignificant effect on broiler growth.Miseq high-throughput sequencing of 16s rRNA showed clustering of cecal microbial operational taxonomic unit diversity according to treatment.The influence of bacitracin and 10RJ on bacterial community overall structure was similar.They promoted Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillaceae,increased the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and decreased the abundance of Bacteroides and Alistipes,while the negative control condition favored Bacteroidaceae and Rikenellaceae.Furthermore,10RJ increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acid in the cecum and changed the metabolome overall.conclusions:These overall suggest that 10RJ can promote a host-friendly gut environment by changing the cecal microbiome and metabolome.This combination of natural antimicrobial agents in the drinking water had a positive effect on broiler growth and may be suitable as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters.

关键词： Broiler chicken Lactobacillus reuteri Metabolome Microbiome Microcin J25 Reuterin scFA

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Port Integration in china: Temporal Pathways, spatial Patterns and Dynamics

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中国地理科学：英文版 2015年第5期25卷 612-628页

作者： WANG chengjin césar DUcRUET WANG Wei Key Laboratory of Regional sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences French National centre for scientific Research (cNRs) UMR 8504 Géographie-citésParis F-75006 France University of chinese Academy of sciences

Over the past two decades, numerous ports located in china have participated in port integration strategies, thus influencing the entire port system. The current research is initiated in order to examine the nature of port integration in china, including associated temporal pathways, spatial patterns and dynamics. Results indicate that port integration in china has been characterized by a significant increase at the turn of the 21 st century, comprising thirteen distinguishable pathways typified by differing dynamics, particularly between the northern and southern ports. Pathways were found to include 44 seaports and river ports, chiefly concentrated in the Bohai Rim, Yangtze(changjiang) River Delta, Beibu Gulf and the southeastern Fujian, thus representing significant spatial regions. categorically larger seaports have become the primary beneficiaries of port integration. Integration cases were divided into four categories based upon quantified dynamic magnitude including the government-driven mode, market-driven mode, government/market-driven mode and strategic alliance, and into five further categories based upon spatial extent including port internal integration, jurisdictional port integration, port integration across neighbor region, regional port integration and hub-feeder port integration. Results suggest that several factors have effectively driven port integration in china, including legislative tools and spatial planning, optimization of shoreline resources and port functionality, and port competition with the same hinterland.

关键词：中国港口空间格局整合路径时间市场驱动一体化港口体系

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Q＆P钢中碳配分的有限元数值模拟

Q＆P钢中碳配分的有限元数值模拟

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作者： Julio césar González Lainez 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

近些年来,汽车厂商在汽车上越来越多的使用热成形件。热成形件拥有很好的碰撞性能并能降低能耗。22MnB5热成形QP钢最有望达到此目的,其成分及多相组织特点能提高汽车服役性能。基于此,对热成形QP钢的研发需要弄清其性能及生产技术。对... 详细信息

近些年来,汽车厂商在汽车上越来越多的使用热成形件。热成形件拥有很好的碰撞性能并能降低能耗。22MnB5热成形QP钢最有望达到此目的,其成分及多相组织特点能提高汽车服役性能。基于此,对热成形QP钢的研发需要弄清其性能及生产技术。对此钢种的制造工艺包括淬火配分热处理,使其增加强度同时不降低钢构件的塑性。经Hs-QP处理后组织为马氏体基体和富碳的残余奥氏体。目前,研究者们致力于寻找生产低成本Hs-QP钢的最合适的生产参数。本研究使用Galerkin有限元方法分析淬火配分（QP）过程中碳从马氏体扩散到奥氏体的过程。不同于经典的或复杂的扩散场模型,本研究选用基于化学势和成分的非线性控制方程。此模型被用于模拟1步法和2步法QP处理过程中的碳扩散行为。模拟中设定奥氏体与马氏体相界面不移动。模拟结果与0.8 si-22MnB5淬火配分处理后的用磁性法测的残余奥氏体量（RA）的实验结果进行了对比。模拟结果预测并揭示了碳和硅的含量对最终淬火组织中的残余奥氏体含量的影响。

关键词： carbon partitioning Quenching Galerkin finite element silicon Retained Austenite

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Early cretaceous to Middle Eocene Magmatic Evolution of Eastern Pontides:Zircon U-Pb Ages and Hf Isotopes,and Geochemical and sr-Nd Isotopic constraints from Multiphase Granitoids,NE Turkey

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Journal of Earth science 2023年第2期34卷 518-535页

作者： Abdullah sar sevcan Kurum Ahmet Feyzi Bingol Department of Geological Engineering Firat UniversityElazig 23119Turkey

The Eastern Pontides orogenic belt(EPOB)represents a significant segment of the AlpineHimalayan orogenic belt that evolved from the Paleozoic to cenozoic periods.Here we report new zircon U-Pb ages,together with Lu-Hf isotopes,and whole-rock geochemical and sr-Nd isotopic analyses of plutonic rocks from EPOB,northeastern Turkey.Our aim is to interpret magmatic evolution in which the granitoids formed.Zircon U-Pb dating of six samples yielded crystallization ages of~134,~82,~39 Ma,respectively.They show a wide range of87sr/86sr((i))(0.7039–0.7109),andεNd(t)values varying from-9 to+4.6,yielding model ages(TDM)from 520 to 1623 Ma,suggesting a heterogeneous magma source.Dated zircons show exlusively positiveεHf(t)values(+12.4 to+1.4),yielding model ages(TDM)from 352 to 1059 Ma,implying that they are most likely derived from a juvenile lower crust rather than the mature continental crust.In this study,we suggested that the northward subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab began from the Early cretaceous and resulted in the Late cretaceous magmatism.Moreover,the Middle Eocene magmatism in the EPOB was related to the collision of the Anatolide Taurid Platform(ATP)with the Pontides.

关键词： zircon U-Pb ages Hf isotope sr-Nd isotope cretaceous to Eocene Magmatism Eastern Pontides geochemistry

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