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Results of Surgical Management of Malignant Obstruction of the common Bile Duct in Yaoundé

Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 265-277页

作者： Eric patrick Savom gaël Tsanga Nomo Richard II Mbele Mahamat Yannick Ekani Boukar cédric pa.erson a.a.ga.a.fred dikongue dikongue Guy Aristide Bang Arthur Essomba Yaoundé General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the Universityof Yaoundé I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Yaoundé Teaching Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: In cameroon, surgery remains the only approach in malignant obstructions of the common bile duct (MOcBD) even in palliative situations. The aim of this work was to describe the modalities of surgical treatment of MOcBD, evaluate the results and detect the factors associated with postoperative morbidity and mortality. patients and Methods: We conducted an analytical observational study, with retrospective data collection from the files of patients operated upon for MOcBD. This was done in four referral hospitals in the city of Yaoundé for a 42-month period spanning from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2023. Demographic data, clinical presentation, surgical data, and 30-day postoperative outcomes were collected. Results: We collected 71 files. The sex ratio was 1.4 and the mean age was 56 ± 11 years. Fifty-three (53) patients (74.6%) were overweight or obese and 10 patients (14.1%) were hypertensive. A clinical cholestasis syndrome was present in 69 patients (97.2%). Fifty-five (55) patients (77.5%) had a cancer of the head of the pancreas, 8 patients (11.3%) had an extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma and 8 patients (11.3%) had an ampullary adenocarcinoma. Eight (8) resections (11.3%) with curative intent had been carried out and in 63 cases (88.7%), surgery was palliative. Postoperative morbidity was 55.7%, influenced by advanced WHO stage (p = 0.02). Postoperative mortality was 25.7%, associated with a high ASA score (p = 0.01). conclusion: pancreatic head cancer is the main etiology of malignant obstructions of the common bile duct in cameroon. Surgical treatment is most often palliative. Postoperative morbidity and mortality are high, influenced by high WHO and ASA scores.

关键词： Malignant Obstruction common Bile Duct palliative Treatment Morbidity Mortality

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Results of Surgical Management of Malignant Obstruction of the common Bile Duct in Yaoundé

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Surgical Science（外科学） 2024年第4期 265页

作者： Eric patrick Savom gaël Tsanga Nomo Richard II Mbele Mahamat Yannick Ekani Boukar cédric pa.erson a.a.ga.a.fred dikongue dikongue Guy Aristide Bang Arthur Essomba

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Adsorption mechanisms of PFOA onto activated carbon anchored with quaternary ammonium/epoxide-forming compounds: A combination of experiment and model studies

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第12期32卷 94-102页

作者： chen Yuan Yang Huang fred Scannon Zhiwei Zhao Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Science Shenzhen 518001China college of Urban construction and Environmental Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Department of civil and Environmental Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA college of Resources and Environment Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China

When wood-based activated carbon was tailored with quaternary ammonium/epoxide(QAE) forming compounds(QAE-Ac), this tailoring dramatically improved the carbon's effectiveness for removing perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) from groundwater. With favorable tailoring, QAE-Ac removed PFOA from groundwater for 118,000 bed volumes before halfbreakthrough in rapid small scale column tests, while the influent PFOA concentration was 200 ng/L. The tailoring involved pre-dosing QAE at an array of proportions onto this carbon, and then monitoring bed life for PFOA removal. When pre-dosing with 1 mL QAE, this PFOA bed life reached an interim peak, whereas bed life was less following 3 mL QAE pre-dosing, then PFOA bed life exhibited a steady rise for yet subsequently higher QAE pre-dosing levels. Large-scale atomistic modelling was used herein to provide new insight into the mechanism of PFOA removal by QAE-Ac. Based on experimental results and modelling, the authors perceived that the QAE's epoxide functionalities cross-linked with phenolics that were present along the activated carbon's graphene edge sites, in a manner that created mesopores within macroporous regions or created micropores within mesopores regions. Also, the QAE could react with hydroxyls outside of these pore, including the hydroxyls of both graphene edge sites and other QAE molecules. This latter reaction formed new pore-like structures that were external to the activated carbon grains. Adsorption of PFOA could occur via either charge balance between negatively charged PFOA with positively charged QAE, or by van der Waals forces between PFOA's fluoro-carbon tail and the graphene or QAE carbon surfaces.

关键词： Perfluorooctanoic acid Nitrate carbon Atomistic model Adsorption mechanism

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Physical Simulation of Thermally Induced Martensite Formation from Retained Austenite in TRIP Steels

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2003年第z1期19卷 105-108页

作者： Lie ZHAO fred J. VERMOLEN Jilt SIETSMA Sybrand van der ZWAAG Netherlands Institute for Metals Research P.O.Box 5008 2600 GA Delft The Netherlands Department of Materials Science Delft University of Technology R otterdamseweg 137 2628 AL Delft The Netherlands Department of Applied Mathematics Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 4 2628 CD Delft The Netherlands Department of Materials ScienceDelft University of TechnologyRotterdamseweg 1372628 AL DelftThe Netherlands Netherlands Institute for Metals Research P.O.Box 5008 2600 GA Delft The Netherlands Faculty of Aerospace Engineering Delft University of Technology Kluyverweg 1 2629 HS Delft The Netherlands

The present work analyses the total free energy of the material during the martensitic transformation. A general expression for the martensite fraction as a function of temperature is derived, assuming that the nonchemical free energyis proportional to the volume of martensite. This expression indicates that the temperature-dependent martensitefraction can be predicted once the characteristic transformation temperatures and the relation between the chemicalfree energy and temperature of the martensite and austenite are known. An advantage of this development is thatthe proposed equation is valid for all types of relations between the chemical free energy and temperature. Thissimulation is successfully applied to the martensitic transformation upon further cooling of retained austenite in alow-alloyed TRIP steel, in which the relation between chemical free energy and temperature is quadratic and thefraction is determined from a thermo-magnetic measurement.

关键词： Thermodynamics, Martensitic transformation, Retained austenite, TRIP steels.

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抑制火电机组超低频振荡的一次调频建模及仿真

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自动化与仪器仪表 2024年第9期 177-180+185页

作者：张顺李生鹏姚洪宇柏建华曹士保国网甘肃省电力公司电力科学研究院兰州陇能电力科技有限公司

近年来，火电机组因调速系统稳定性变差引发超低频振荡现象时有发生，对电网的安全稳定运行带来较大影响。文章基于这一背景，通过分析某电网发生的超低频振荡案例，研究火电机组超振荡现象与调速系统中一次调频动作之间的关联性，设计... 详细信息

近年来，火电机组因调速系统稳定性变差引发超低频振荡现象时有发生，对电网的安全稳定运行带来较大影响。文章基于这一背景，通过分析某电网发生的超低频振荡案例，研究火电机组超振荡现象与调速系统中一次调频动作之间的关联性，设计一种能够高度识别低频振荡发生甄别策略，以及基于广义滤波的一次调频优化控制策略。建模仿真及优化应用结果表明，该方案既能够有效抑制因机组调速系统不稳定引发的超低频振荡事件的发生，又能够显著提升调频动作积分电量，从而提高电力系统的本质安全。

关键词：火电机组超低频振荡一次调频建模仿真

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A novel power-on-reset circuit for passive UHF RFID tag chip

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Journal of Semiconductors 2018年第12期39卷 173-179页

作者： Ang Wang Lina Yu Dehua Wu Shibo Fu Wanlin ga Wan'ang Xiao Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China college of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China School of Microelectronics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Informationization Standardization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100083China

A novel power-on-reset(POR) circuit with simple architecture, small values of capacitances, ultralower power consumption, and self-adjustable delay time of reset pulse for passive UHF RFID tags is presented in this paper. A proposed delay element was adopted for the features of small capacitances and wide power supply rise time range. An inverter was used as a two-inputs logic device to simplify the architecture of the circuit. The technology used for design and simulation is SMIc 0.18 μm RF. Simulation results show that the circuit functions well under different process corners with different power supply rise time, and is able to generate a POR signal after the power supply is briefly powered off. The static power consumption is less than 30 pa. Moreover, the circuit operates properly along with other modules of analog front-end.

关键词： RFID analog circuit power-on-reset ultra-lower power delay element

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Electric Anisotropy and Two－dimensional Energy Band of Undoped and Heavily Doped Polyacetylene

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chemical Research in chinese Universities 1995年第3期11卷 228-231页

作者： Huang, Zong-hao Wang, Xiu-jun Tong, La-ga Li, Bai-tao Wang, Rong-shun Bei, Yong-ping

ased on the known crystal data , we used the EHMAcc(EHMO/cO) methodto calculate the twotlimensional energy band of both undoped and heavily iodine-doped polyacetylene (pa). The results show that (1 ) I-doping obviously reducesthe niagnitudes of Eg , Egi; (2) in the conducting process along the direction per-pendicular to pa chain , the P-type AO of iodine plays a very important role, i- e. ,the conducting bridge to transport the charge between the two neighbor pa chains.I-doping reniarkably increases σ_T value while the conducting process will reduce theratio magnitude of σ/σ. Therefore, heavily I-doping makes pa change fromsimeconductor to conductor which obviously has 2-D conductive ability.

关键词： conductive polymer 2-D energy band Electric anisotropy

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美国病理住院医师培训制度

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中华病理学杂志 2008年第9期37卷 645-648页

作者：程亮张绍渤 fred G.Silva Departments of pathology and Urology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN 46202 U S A The United States and canadian Academy of pathology Augusta GA U S A

鉴于国内病理医师培养的现状，在本文中拟介绍美国病理住院医师培训制度，以供国内同仁参考、借鉴。病理学研究疾病的机制、形态和分子改变，是临床与基础学科间的桥梁学科。其专业范围涉及疾病诊断、医学教育和基础研究。病理学涵盖解... 详细信息

鉴于国内病理医师培养的现状，在本文中拟介绍美国病理住院医师培训制度，以供国内同仁参考、借鉴。病理学研究疾病的机制、形态和分子改变，是临床与基础学科间的桥梁学科。其专业范围涉及疾病诊断、医学教育和基础研究。病理学涵盖解剖病理、细胞病理、内、外、妇、儿、眼、耳鼻咽喉、口腔、皮肤、尸检解剖和法医学等病理专科及其众多相关学科，如细胞化学、细胞学和遗传学、流行病学、影像诊断学、医学文献与数据库、实验室管理等。

关键词：医师培训制度病理学住院美国疾病诊断解剖病理影像诊断学实验室管理

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《藏医药史纲》的文献价值探讨

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西藏大学学报（藏文版） 2022年第1期 121-133,191,192页

作者：央嘎西藏藏医药大学

《藏医药史纲》是由若氏家族后裔聂朵贡嘎顿珠大师(1268-1328)所著,是现存最早的藏医药历史著作,成书约13世纪末至14世纪初。该书的问世对后期藏医药及其史籍的编撰产生了巨大影响。文章围绕《藏医药史纲》的作者、主要内容、成书年代... 详细信息

《藏医药史纲》是由若氏家族后裔聂朵贡嘎顿珠大师(1268-1328)所著,是现存最早的藏医药历史著作,成书约13世纪末至14世纪初。该书的问世对后期藏医药及其史籍的编撰产生了巨大影响。文章围绕《藏医药史纲》的作者、主要内容、成书年代的研究,重点探讨了该书的后期影响。

关键词：《藏医药史纲》《四部医典》聂朵·贡嘎顿珠

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基于物理指标的全叶卷雪茄烟吸阻控制方法

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烟草科技 2019年第3期52卷 92-96页

作者：常月勇仕小伟陈平赵嘎山东中烟工业有限责任公司济南卷烟厂

为了确立基于物理指标的全叶卷雪茄烟吸阻控制方法,采用了单因子试验分析方法,分别分析了吸阻与烟支单支质量、圆周、长度和含水率的关系;采用三次曲面拟合方法,确立了吸阻与单支质量和圆周的函数关系。结果表明:①根据相关系数矩阵计... 详细信息

为了确立基于物理指标的全叶卷雪茄烟吸阻控制方法,采用了单因子试验分析方法,分别分析了吸阻与烟支单支质量、圆周、长度和含水率的关系;采用三次曲面拟合方法,确立了吸阻与单支质量和圆周的函数关系。结果表明:①根据相关系数矩阵计算得到了吸阻与烟支单支质量、圆周、长度、含水率和密度的相关系数分别为0.760 3、-0.492 9、0.020 6、0.055 4和0.897 1,说明在允差范围内单支质量和圆周是影响吸阻的显著指标。②三次曲面拟合模型的平均误差为31.417 6 pa,最大误差为69.802 8 pa,最小误差为3.777 5 pa。

关键词：雪茄烟吸阻物理指标统计分析

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