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Maternal Mortality Risk Factors in Regional Hospital of Burkina Faso

Open Journal of Epidemiology 2014年第2期4卷 57-62页

作者： Léon G. Blaise Savadogo Aminata Zombra cécile tamini Maurice Kinda Philipe Donnen centre Hospitalier Régional Banfora Burkina Faso cR3—Politiques et Systèmes de Santé—Santé Internationale School of Public Health Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgique Department of Epidemiology and Public Health—child and Mother Health Nutrition and Survival Unit—Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé Université Polytechnique Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Ecole National de Santé Publique Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Individual causes and community determinants are synergic in maternal death occurrence. This study aimed to identify maternal mortality risk factors in a regional hospital. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study from data of 1807 hospitalized women. To identify maternal mortality risks factors, mortality hazard ratio (HR cI95%) has been calculated in univariate analysis and cox proportional hazard model. Results: During hospitalization, 30 maternal deaths occurred. From cox regression, adjusted mortality HR confirmed that women age older than 35 (HR = 2.5, cI95%: [1.2-5.7] and younger than 19 (HR = 3.02, cI95%: [1.5-6.7]);distance to hospital ≥10 Km (HR = 4.1, cI95%: [1.8-9.4];multiple deliveries (HR = 2.4, cI95%: [1.1-7.3]), less ante natal care (cI95%: [0.97-9.48]);obstetrical maternal mortality directs causes (HR = 2.31, cI95%: [1.7-6.21]) and emergently reference (HR = 3.5, cI95%: [1.8-8.32]) were maternal mortality risk factors. conclusion: In this regional hospital of low income country, identified maternal mortality factors are related to women socio-economic determinants and quality prenatal or obstetric care access. Interventions to reduce maternal mortality rate should be conducted within both household and women socio-economic status development and in maternal health and obstetric care strengthening.

关键词： Maternal Mortality Risk Factors Regional Hospital Burkina Faso

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characteristics of Severely Anemic Pregnant Women and Perinatal Outcomes in Banfora Regional Hospital, Burkina Faso: An Epidemiological Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第5期4卷 234-238页

作者： Léon G. Blaise Savadogo Ouédraogo Salimata cécile tamini Maurice Kinda Philipe Donnen centre Hospitalier Régional de Banfora Banfora Burkina Faso cR3 Politiques et Systèmes de Santé Santé Internationale Ecole de Santé Publique Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgique Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Child and Mother Health Nutrition and Survival Unit Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé Université Polytechnique de Bobo Dioulasso Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Ecole National de Santé Publique Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Severe anemia during pregnancy remains an acute maternal health problem in low income countries and its management is a challenge. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of hospitalized pregnant women with severe anemia and issue of the management in a regional hospital of a low income country. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2008, at a regional hospital maternity. Data of the 283 pregnancy severe anemia cases have been analyzed using usual Pearson’s chi square test or Fisher’s exact test. Results: Of the 283 women with pregnancy severe anemia, 98% were illiterate, 98% were household women;majority were in the third trimester (64%);41% had no previous delivery;49% did not had antenatal care. There were no statistics association between hemoglobin values stage and gestational age, gravidity and parity. During the hospitalization, from the 283 women with pregnancy severe anemia, deliveries occurred on 22.6%;abortion on 1%. From the 64 deliveries, 45.3% were alive preterm birth, 20.3% preterm stillbirth, 25.0% at term birth and 9.4% at term stillbirth. Between the 45 alive babies, 91% were low birth weight. In global, from the 283 women, mortality rate was 2.8%. conclusion:?Severe anemia during pregnancy results in maternal mortality, preterm, low birth and stillbirth even between hospitalized women. As most of the pregnancy anemia risk factors are chronic poverty related factors, intervention must be focused on prevention including health pregnant women iron supplementation and adequate nutritional diet promoting at both health facilities and community level.

关键词： Pregnancy Severe Anemia Regional Hospital Burkina Faso

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童年创伤对强迫症患者心理理论的影响

童年创伤对强迫症患者心理理论的影响

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作者： SOONDRUM tamini 中南大学

学位级别：硕士

背景和目的:强迫症是以强迫思维和/或强迫行为为主要特征的一种精神疾病。强迫症的终身患病率高达2%-3%,12个月患病率约为1.2%,是世界第四大精神疾病,也是最容易使人致残的十种精神疾病之一。强迫思维和强迫行为的发生往往不受个体的主... 详细信息

背景和目的:强迫症是以强迫思维和/或强迫行为为主要特征的一种精神疾病。强迫症的终身患病率高达2%-3%,12个月患病率约为1.2%,是世界第四大精神疾病,也是最容易使人致残的十种精神疾病之一。强迫思维和强迫行为的发生往往不受个体的主观控制,因此常会对个体的正常生活、工作和人际关系造成不良影响,严重损害患者的社会功能,给患者及其家人带来巨大的经济与心理负担。到目前为止,强迫症的机制、预防与治疗仍然是精神心理领域的重点研究课题。心理理论是指个体推断自己和他人心理状态,如想法、意图、愿望、直觉、计划和信念等的能力,是社会认知功能的一种。心理理论是个体顺利进行社会交往的必要条件,与个体的社会功能息息相关。以往研究证明心理理论并不是一个单一的结构,其根据不同的分类依据可以区分为不同的成分。如根据任务的复杂程度,心理理论可以区分为一级和二级心理理论,其中一级心理理论指个体区分自己和他人信念的能力,二级心理理论指个体推断他人关于第三个人信念的能力。根据心理理论的具体内容,又可以将心理理论区分为情感心理理论和认知心理理论,其中认知心理理论指对个体想法、信念和意图的推测,情感心理理论着重指对个体情绪和情感的推测。以往研究发现强迫症患者存在心理理论受损,这种受损可能是影响强迫症社会功能的重要因素。但是以往关于强迫症心理理论的研究整体较少,且研究结果并不完全一致。如其中一些研究发现强迫症患者一级和二级心理理论全面受损,患者无法理解他人的心理和情绪状态。但有一些研究结果提示只有部分强迫症患者的心理理论受损,且其受损程度与强迫症状的严重程度和自知力水平显著相关。另外有研究发现强迫症患者的心理理论只存在情感成分方面的受损,其认知心理理论并无异常。以往研究结果的不一致可能和病人群体的异质性有关,如未考虑到强迫症群体不同的童年创伤水平。童年创伤指个体在生命早期(16岁之前)遭遇过一个或多个应激性生活事件并在情绪上或心理上造成痛苦的一种经历。引起早年创伤的应激性生活事件种类、性质多样。最经典的分类方式是根据创伤事件的类型将童年创伤分为躯体虐待、躯体忽视、情感虐待、情感忽视、性虐待五种类型。童年创伤最经典的测量工具是儿童期创伤问卷。已有研究发现童年创伤会影响个体的心理理论。如许多研究证实了儿童早期(0-6岁)的情感忽视可以预测个体的心理理论水平;与冲突相关的创伤与心理理论存在显著相关关系等。在精神分裂症、创伤后应激障碍、边缘型人格障碍等精神疾病中,研究者也发现心理理论与早年创伤有关,创伤的暴露可部分解释与心理理论有关的大脑功能和结构改变。童年创伤也是强迫症发生的危险因素之一,众多研究较为一致地表明童年创伤经历提高了强迫症发生的风险,表明童年创伤经历,尤其是某些特定类型的童年创伤,如躯体虐待和性虐待,与强迫症发生的风险升高有关。不同的强迫症患者可能遭受过不同水平、不同类型的童年创伤事件。强迫症的心理理论受损是否和其童年创伤水平有关,不同的童年创伤类型对不同的心理理论成分的影响是否存在差异,其和强迫症的临床表现存在何种关系还不清楚,有待进一步研究探讨。综上,本研究拟较系统地探讨童年创伤对强迫症心理理论的影响,以期探明童年创伤与强迫症心理理论受损的关系,为强迫症的心理干预提供一定的启示。方法:共189人参与了本研究,其中包括强迫症患者81人,健康对照108人。采用DSM-IV结构化临床访谈(ScID-IV)进行强迫症诊断。所有被试完成儿童期创伤问卷(cTQ)以评估童年创伤水平。根据个体在cTQ上的得分将被试划分为有无童年创伤两类。cTQ分组的依据为:受试者在任何一个分量表的得分大于或等于其中-重度创伤暴露阈值即可被认为该被试有早年创伤经历,各分量表中-重度创伤暴露分值分别为:躯体忽视≥10分,躯体虐待≥10分,情感忽视≥15分,情感虐待≥13分,性虐待≥8分。根据该标准,本研究有童年创伤经历的强迫症患者共32人,无童年创伤经历的强迫症患者共49人;有童年创伤经历的健康对照组共43人,无童年创伤经历的健康对照组为65人。采用中文版的Yoni任务评估被试的一、二阶情感和认知心理理论。Yoni任务是测量不同成分的心理理论的经典任务。其实验材料共包含54张图片,每张图片中心有个名叫“小明”的卡通人脸,周围4个角落分别有一张彩色图片(如水果、动物)。被试需要根据小明的视线和面部表情以及句子中提供的信息来对小明的心理活动进行推测和判断。任务中包含同样数量的情感条目和认知条目分别测量情感和认知心理理论。在情感条件中,所有的线索包括小明的面部表情以及言语线索等都提供了情绪信息,而在认知条件中,所有的线索都是中性的,不提供任何情绪信息(如认知条件:小明正在想;情绪条件:Yoni喜欢;控制条件:小明接近于)。情感和认知心理理论中又各含有8个一级条目和12个二级条目,用来区分情感和认知心理

关键词：强迫症童年创伤心理理论社会认知

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Factors Explaining the Dynamics of Agricultural Technological Innovations Adoption: Evidence from Senegal’s Rain Maize Farmer

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第11期13卷 1234-1258页

作者： Aminata Diagne Lota D. tamini François S. Fall Research center in Economics of Environment Agrifood Transport and Energy (CREATE) of the Department of Agri-Food Economics and Consumer Science of the Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences of Laval University Quebec Canada Economics Politics and Social Systems Study and Research Laboratory (LEREPS) of the Economics and Management Department of Toulouse 2-Jean Jaures University Toulouse France

This paper analyzes the adoption dynamics of improved rainfed maize seeds disseminated in Senegal in 2013 by the West African Agricultural Productivity Program (WAAPP). We group maize producers into five groups (non-adopters, laggards/abandoners, late adopters, followers and pioneers/innovators) and take into account the heterogeneity of unobservable characteristics of the producers. In the pioneers/innovators group, the availability of labour, household size, shocks, and frequency of access to advice positively influence adoption, whereas financial constraints and high numbers of plots reduce the probability of adoption. Producers in the followers’ category tend to be older and more educated than those in the other categories. However, food insecurity and shocks such as diseases hamper adoption. For the group of late adopters, household size and available storage infrastructures explain adoption. However, the number of plots and shocks reduces their probability of adoption. Laggards tend to face shocks and food insecurity. The authors recommend to consider the dynamics of the adoption of technological innovations and heterogeneity of the characteristics of adopters groups in future research. They also recommend farmers to increase their adoption rate of the “Early Thai” and “Suwan 1” seed varieties thanks to their higher yields compared to traditional varieties. Also, a higher adoption rate would positively impact the food security of maize farmers in Eastern Senegal and High casamance, especially in terms of availability. Other studies measuring the number of years needed for large-scale adoption of improved seed varieties should be conducted.

关键词： Adoption Technological Innovations Multinomial Logit Model Endogeneity Unobservable Heterogeneity Senegal

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colonic ductal adenocarcinoma case report: New entity or rare ectopic degeneration?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2023年第3期15卷 191-194页

作者： clara Benedetta conti Giacomo Mulinacci Nicolò tamini Marta Jaconi Nicola Zucchini Interventional Endoscopy ASST MonzaOspedale San GerardoMonza 20900Italy Department of Surgery ASST MonzaOspedale San GerardoMonza 20900Italy Department of Pathology ASST MonzaOspedale San GerardoMonza 20900Italy

BAcKGROUND Ectopic pancreatic tissue is a congenital anomaly where a part of pancreatic tissue is located outside of the pancreas and lacks vascular or anatomical communication with it but shows the same histological ***,the literature reports only two anecdotal cases of malignant transformation of colonic ectopic *** SUMMARY We present a case of an 81-year-old patient presenting with anemia,with right colonic neoplasia and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 above the normal *** underwent laparoscopic right *** final histology was consistent with a primitive adenocarcinoma with ductal morphology and solid-predominant growth *** ectopic pancreatic tissue was absent in the surgical *** The case describes a very rare complete degeneration of a colonic ectopic pancreatic ***,the absence of benign ectopic pancreatic tissue in the surgical specimen is suggestive of the first description of a primitive ductal adenocarcinoma of the colon.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer colorectal cancer colonic ductal adenocarcinoma Ectopic pancreas case report

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Relationship Between Islamic Beliefs and Psychological Well-Being

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Psychology Research 2011年第1期1卷 52-59页

作者： Bahman Kord tamini Atefeh Fadaei University of Sistan and Baluchestan Zahedan lran

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