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Effect of Geogenic lead on Fungal and collembolan communities in Garden Topsoil

土壤圈：英文版 2018年第2期28卷 215-226页

作者： Sophie JOIMEL Hervé cAPIAUX christophe ScHWARTZ Mickael HEDDE Thierry leBEAU cécile le guern Johanne NAHMANI céline PERNIN Sandrine SALMON Lucia SANTORUFO Béatrice BEcHET Jérome cORTET Université de Lorraine Laboratoire Sols et Environnement UMR 1120 Vandceuvre-lès-Nancy 54500 (France) INRA Laboratoire Sols et Environnement UMR 1120 Vandceuvre-lès-Naney 54500 (France) UMR EcOSYS INRA AgroParisTech Universitè Paris-Saclay Thiverval-Grignon 78850 (France) Plateforme d'Analyse Moléculaire Biodiversitg-Environnement IUT Ggnie Biologique La Roche sur Yon 85035 (France) Institut de Recherche sur les Sciences et Techniques de la Ville (IRSTV) CNRff 2488 Ecole Centrale de Nantes 1 rue de la Noē Nantes 44321 (France) Laboratoire Plandtologie & Gdodynamique Nantes Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques 2 rue de la Houssinière Nantes 44322 (Franee) Bureau de Reeherches Gdologiques et Minières (BRGM) Regional Geological Survey Direction Régionale des Pays de la Loire 1 rue des Saumonières Nantes 44000 (France) UMR cEFE 5175 Universitd de Montpellier EPHE Université Paul-Valdry Montpellier Montpellier 34199 (France) Université Lille 1 EA 4515 Laboratoire Gdnie Civil & Géo Environnement Villeneuve D'Ascq 59655 (France) Musdum National d'Histoire Naturelle CNRS UMR 7179 4 Avenue du Petit-Chateau Brunoy 91800 (France) Department of Biology University of Naples Federico Ⅱ Via Cinthia Naples 80126 (Italy) French Institut of Science and Technology for Transport Development and Networks Water and Environment Laboratory Route de Bouaye Bouguenais 44344 (France)

Geogenic lead (Pb) is considered to be less bioavailable than anthropogenic Pb and exerts less effect on the soil fauna. However,Pb contamination in vegetables has been reported in the case of geogenic anomalies, even at moderate concentrations (around 170 mgkg^(-1)). In this study, we investigated collembolan communities using both taxonomic- and trait-based approaches and observed fungal communities to assess the effects of a moderate geogenic Pb anomaly on collembolans and fungi in an urban vegetable garden *** indicated that geogenic Pb indeed modified fungi communities and altered the functional structure of collembolan communities in garden soils. Although geogenic Pb presented low bioavailability, it affected soil fauna and vegetables similar to anthropogenic Pb.

关键词： functional diversity functional trait soil fauna soil food web vegetable garden urban soil

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Plasma phospholipid transfer protein （PLTP） modulates adaptive immune functions through alternation of T helper cell polarization

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第6期13卷 795-804页

作者： catherine Desrumau Stephanie lemaire-Ewing Nicolas Ogier Akadiri Yessoufou Arlette Hammann Anabelle Sequeira-le Grand Valerie Deckert Jean-Paul Pais de Barros Naig le guern Julien Guy Naim A Khan Laurent Lagrost INSERM UMR866 - F21079 Dijon France Univ. Bourgogne Franche-comte F-21000 Dijon France LipSTIc LabEx Fondation de Cooperation Scientifique Bourgogne-Franche Comte F-21000 Dijon France cHU Hopital du Bocage Dijon France plateforme de cytometrie en Flux Universite de Bourgogne Dijon France

Objective： Plasma phospholipid transfer protein （PLTP） is a key determinant of lipoprotein metabolism, and both animal and human studies converge to indicate that PLTP promotes atherogenesis and its thromboembolic complications. Moreover, it has recently been reported that PLTP modulates inflammation and immune responses. Although earlier studies from our group demonstrated that PLTP can modify macrophage activation, the implication of PLTP in the modulation of T-cell-mediated immune responses has never been investigated and was therefore addressed in the present study. Approach and results： In the present study, we demonstrated that PLTP deficiency in mice has a profound effect on cD4＋ ThO cell polarization, with a shift towards the anti-inflammatory Th2 phenotype under both normal and pathological conditions. In a model of contact hypersensitivity, a significantly impaired response to skin sensitization with the hapten-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene （DNFB） was observed in PLTP-deficient mice compared to wild-type （WT） mice. Interestingly, PLTP deficiency in mice exerted no effect on the counts of total white blood cells, lymphocytes, granulocytes, or monocytes in the peripheral blood. Moreover, PLTP deficiency did not modify the amounts of cD4＋ and cD8＋ T lymphocyte subsets. However, PLTP-deficiency, associated with upregulation of the Th2 phenotype, was accompanied by a significant decrease in the production of the pro-Thl cytokine interleukin 18 by accessory cells. conclusions： For the first time, this work reports a physiological role for PLTP in the polarization of cD4＋ T cells toward the pro-inflammatory Th I phenotype.

关键词： lipid transfer protein lymphocyte polarization T cell

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