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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第7期24卷 181-189页

作者： Arijit Manna Sabyasachi pal Department of Physics and Astronomy Midnapore City CollegePaschim MedinipurWest Bengal721129India

In star formation regions,the complex organic molecules(coMs)that contain peptide bonds(-NH-c(=o)-)play a major role in the metabolic process because-NH-c(=o)-is connected to amino acids(r-cHNH_2-cooH).over the past few decades,many coMs containing peptide-like bonds have been detected in hot molecular cores(HMcs),hot corinos,and cold molecular clouds,however,their prebiotic chemistry is poorly *** present the first detection of the rotational emission lines of formamide(NH_2cHo)and isocyanic acid(HNco),which contain peptide-like bonds toward the chemically rich HMc G358.93-0.03 MM1,using high-resolution and high-sensitivity Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array bands 6 and *** estimate that the column densities of NH_2cHo and HNco toward G358.93-0.03 MM1 are(2.80±0.29)×10~(15)cm~(-2)and(1.80±0.42)×10~(16)cm~(-2)with excitation temperatures of 165±21 k and 170±32 k,*** fractional abundances of NH_2cHo and HNco toward G358.93-0.03 MM1 are(9.03±1.44)×10~(-10)and(5.80±2.09)×10^(-9).We compare the estimated abundances of NH_2cHo and HNco with the existing threephase warm-up chemical model abundance values and notice that the observed and modeled abundances are very *** conclude that NH_2cHo is produced by the reaction of NH_2and H_2co in the gas phase toward G358.93-0.03 ***,HNco is produced on the surface of grains by the reaction of NH and co toward G358.93-0.03 *** also find that NH_2cHo and HNco are chemically linked toward G358.93-0.03 MM1.

关键词： ISM individual objects(G358.93-0.03)-ISM abundances-ISM kinematics and dynamics-stars formation-astrochemistry

Study of complex Nitrogen and oxygen-bearing Molecules toward the High-mass Protostar IrAS 18089–1732

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 81-93页

作者： Arijit Manna Sabyasachi pal Tapas Baug Sougata Mondal Department of Physics Midnapore City CollegePaschim MedinipurWest Bengal721129India S.N.Bose National centre for Basic Sciences Block-JDSector-IIISalt Lake CityKolkata700106 India

The observation of oxygen(o)-and nitrogen(N)-bearing molecules gives an idea about the complex prebiotic chemistry in the interstellar *** millimeter and submillimeter wavelength observations have shown the presence of complex o-and N-bearing molecules in the star formation ***,the investigation of those molecules is crucial to understanding the chemical complexity in the star-forming *** this article,we present the identification of the rotational emission lines of N-bearing molecules ethyl cyanide(c_(2)H_(5)cN)and cyanoacetylene(Hc_(3)N),and o-bearing molecule methyl formate(cH_(3)ocHo)toward high-mass protostar IrAS18089–1732 using the Atacama compact *** also detected the emission lines of both the N-and o-bearing molecule formamide(NH_(2)cHo)in the envelope of IrAS 18089–*** have detected the v=0 and 1 state rotational emission lines of cH_(3)*** also detected the two vibrationally excited states of Hc_(3)N(v7=1 and v7=2).The estimated fractional abundances of c_(2)H_(5)cN,Hc_(3)N(v7=1),Hc_(3)N(v7=2),and NH_(2)cHo toward IrAS 18089–1732 are(1.40±0.5)×10^(-10),(7.5±0.7)×10^(-11),(3.1±0.4)×10^(-11),and(6.25±0.82)×10^(-11)***,the estimated fractional abundances of cH_(3)ocHo(v=0)and cH_(3)ocHo(v=1)are(1.90±0.9)×10^(-9)and(8.90±0.8)×10^(-10),*** also created the integrated emission maps of the detected molecules,and the observed molecules may have originated from the extended envelope of the *** show that c_(2)H_(5)cNand Hc_(3)N are most probably formed via the subsequential hydrogenation of the cH_(2)cHcNand the reaction between c_(2)H_(2)and cN on the grain surface of IrAS 18089–*** found that NH_(2)cHo is probably produced due to the reaction between NH_(2)and H_(2)co in the gas ***,cH_(3)ocHo is possibly created via the reaction between radical cH_(3)o and radical Hco on the grain surface of IrAS 18089–1732.

关键词： ISM:individual objects(IrA 18089-1732)(except) ISM:abundances ISM:kinematics and dynamics stars:formation astrochemistry

Assessment of soil erosion in the Irga watershed on the eastern edge of the chota Nagpur Plateau,India

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regional Sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 54-68页

作者： ratan pal Buddhadev HEMBrAM Narayan chandra JANA Department of Geography the University of BurdwanWest Bengal-713104India

Human activities to improve the quality of life have accelerated the natural rate of soil *** turn,these natural disasters have taken a great impact on *** activities,particularly the conversion of vegetated land into agricultural land and built-up area,stand out as primary contributors to soil *** present study investigated the risk of soil erosion in the Irga watershed located on the eastern fringe of the chota Nagpur Plateau in Jharkhand,India,which is dominated by sandy loam and sandy clay loam soil with low soil organic carbon(Soc)*** study used the revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(rUSLE)and Geographical Information System(GIS)technique to determine the rate of soil *** five parameters(rainfall-runoff erosivity(r)factor,soil erodibility(k)factor,slope length and steepness(LS)factor,cover-management(c)factor,and support practice(P)factor)of the rUSLE were applied to present a more accurate distribution characteristic of soil erosion in the Irga *** result shows that the r factor is positively correlated with rainfall and follows the same distribution pattern as the *** k factor values in the northern part of the study area are relatively low,while they are relatively high in the southern *** mean value of the LS factor is 2.74,which is low due to the flat terrain of the Irga *** is a negative linear correlation between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)and the c factor,and the high values of the c factor are observed in places with low *** mean value of the P factor is 0.210,with a range from 0.000 to *** calculating all parameters,we obtained the average soil erosion rate of 1.43 t/(hm^(2)•a),with the highest rate reaching as high as 32.71 t/(hm^(2)•a).Therefore,the study area faces a low risk of soil ***,preventative measures are essential to avoid future damage to productive and constructive activities caused by soil *** study also ident

关键词： Soil erosion Soil organic carbon rainfall-runoff erosivity factor Soil erodibility factor Slope length and steepness factor cover-management factor Support practice factor Irga watershed

role of forests in headwater control with changing environment and society

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International Soil and Water conservation research 2021年第1期9卷 143-157页

作者： Josef krecek Jana Nováková Ladislav palán Eva Pazourková Evzen Stuchlík Department of Hydrology Czech Technical University in PragueThákurova 7CZ-16629Prague 6Czech Republic Independent Botanist Na Vrcholu 4CZ-13000PragueCzech Republic AoN Impact Forecasting Václavskénáměstí19CZ-11000PragueCzech Republic Institute of Hydrobiology Biology CentreCzech Academy of SciencesNa Sádkách 7CZ-37005(C)eskéBudějoviceCzech Republic

Forest practices in headwater catchments are related to environmental and social *** aim of this study is to analyse the changing protective functions of forests in the upper plain of the Jizera Mts.(North Bohemia,czech republic)since the second half of the 19th *** time,forests have gradually changed from native stands to spruce plantations(Picea abies),introducing exotic conifers(more resistant to air pollution),and,recently,back to more diverse mixed *** priority in pro-tective forest functions there shifted from flood protection to integrated control of water resources(quantity and quality).In the 1980s,forest-water interactions were degraded by consequences of extreme acid atmospheric deposition,forest die-back,and extensive *** the Jizerka catchment,first signs of recovery were observed in the early *** waters there are still affected by prolonged *** reconstruction of stream water chemistry at Jizerka follows the drop of the acid deposition in some 5 years,the revival of stream biota takes 10-15 *** 2071-2100,the pro-jected climate change shows rising annual air temperatures by 3.0-4.6℃,decreasing water yield by 65-123 mm,60%drop in'minimum residual discharge',and 20-30%rise in ***,these projected environmental changes cannot substantially decline the high potential in water resource recharge,or,start reverse processes in recent recovery from acidification and radically affect the exis-tence of planned mixed forests in the upper plain of the Jizera Mts.

关键词： Headwater catchment Forest functions Water resource recharge Acid atmospheric deposition climate change

Water Intake and Utilization in Mithun (Bos frontalis):Effect of Environmental Temperature,rearing System and concentrate Feed Supplement

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Journal of Mountain Science 2008年第2期5卷 178-188页

作者： D.T.pal A.Dhali S.k.Mondal c.rajkhowa k.M.Bujarbaruah National research centre on Mithun IcAr complex Jharnapani Medziphema Nagaland-797106 India Scientist NRC on Mithun Nagaland India Scientist (SS) Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar Bareilly UP-243122 India Director NRC on Mithun Nagaland India Deputy Director General (AS) ICAR Krishi Bhavan New Delhi India

Seasonal and sexual variations as well as the effect of dry feed supplement on total drinking water intake and its utilization were observed in mithun （Bosfrontalis） - a semi-wild animal found in North Eastern Hill region （NEHr） of India. In a completely randomized design, twelve adult mithuns （B. frontalis） as per their sex and body weight were assigned in two different rearing systems （free grazing and free grazing with dry concentrate feed supplementation）, and ten growing male mithuns as per their body weight assigned in two different levels of dry concentrate feed supplementation （1.o kg and 2.0 kg dry concentrate feeds on green forage based diet） and in two different seasons （summer and winter）. It was observed that the environmental temperature had a significant effect on drinking water intake by mithuns. Drinking water consumption （per unit of body weight） was significantly （P 〈 0.05） higher in summer than in winter. Supplementation of concentrate feed on free grazing animals resulted in increase in water consumption. Total water consumption （drinking as well as performed water） was found to be 15.18 litres per 100 kg body weight by growing mithun. Feed dry matter and digestible nutrient intakes by growing mithun were observed to be increased with the increase of supplementation of dry concentrate feed. roughage to concentrate ratio did not affect the nutrient digestibility. Mithun calves drank an average of 4.30 litres water for each kg of dry matter intake. Metabolic water was significantly （P〈0.01） increased with the increase of supplementation of concentrate feed whereas water turn over, which depends upon the body weight of the animals, did not differ significantly on offering of lower or higher level of dry feed. Faecal water loss of growing mithun was decreased with the increase in intake of concentrate feed and was estimated to be 33 - 46 % of total water intake. Excretion of water through faeces of mithun was about 3.8 % of body weight. It could, t

关键词： Mithun water intake water excretion seasons grazing concentrate feed feed utilization

Effect of laminate thickness on moisture diffusion of polymer matrix composites in artificial seawater ageing

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2012年第3期6卷 225-235页

作者： ratna pal H.N.NArASIMHA MUrTHY M.SrEEJlTHz,k.r.VISHNU MAHESH M.krISHNA IS.c.SHArMA Department of Mechanical Engineering R.V.College of EngineeringBangalore-560059KarnatakaIndia Department of P.G.Studies and research in Industrial chemistry Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghattaShimoga-577451KarnatakaIndia Tumkur University Tumkur-572103KarnatakaIndia

The influence of laminate thickness of polymer matrix composites on moisture diffusion in seawater immersion, as well as the resulting mechanical property degradation for composites of glass/isopolyester （G/IPE）, carbon/isopolyester （c/IPE）, glass/vinylester （G/VE） and carbon/vinylester （cNE）, was investigated in this paper. Laminates 3 and 10 mm in thickness, fabricated using the wet hand lay-up technique, were characterized for moisture absorption in artificial seawater medium, and their flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength （ILSS） degradations were studied. Moisture diffusion was observed to be anamolous to the Fick＇s law for both 3 and 10 mm thick samples in the later stage of diffusion. Moisture permeability of 10 mm thick samples was two to three order greater than that of 3 mm thick ones, while the time to moisture saturation remained unchanged. With the increase of laminate thickness, moisture saturation increased by 1.4% for cNE and 7% for GriPE. The residual flexural strength and ILSS were greater in case of 10 mm thick specimens after 200 days of exposure. SEM examination of the fractured specimens showed greater levels of fibre/matrix debonding in 10 mm thick specimens.

关键词： polymer matrix composite diffusion coefficient Fick's law degradation

A Linearized Branch Flow Model considering Line Shunts for radial Distribution Systems and Its Application in Volt/VAr control

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and clean Energy 2023年第4期11卷 1191-1200页

作者： Hanyang Lin Firdous Ul Nazir Bikash c.pal Ye Guo Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518071China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowG4 OBAU.K. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW72AZU.K.

When urban distribution systems are gradually modernized,the overhead lines are replaced by underground cables,whose shunt admittances can not be *** power flow(PF)model withπequivalent circuit shows non-convexity and long computing time,and most recently proposed linear PF models assume zero shunt *** of them are not suitable for fast calculation and optimization problems of modern distribution systems with non-negligible line ***,this paper proposes a linearized branch flow model considering line shunt(LBFS).The strength of LBFS lies in maintaining the linear structure and the convex nature after appropriately modeling theπequivalent circuit for network equipment like *** results show that the calculation accuracy in nodal voltage and branch current magnitudes is improved by considering shunt *** show the application scope of LBFS by controlling the network voltages through a two-stage stochastic Volt/VAr control(VVc)problem with the uncertain active power output from renewable energy sources(rESs).Since LBFS results in a linear VVc program,the global solution is *** study exhibits that VVc framework can optimally dispatch the discrete control devices,*** transformers and shunt capacitors,and also optimize the decision rules for real-time reactive power control of ***,the computing efficiency is significantly improved compared with that of traditional VVc methods.

关键词： Line shunt linear power flow model stochastic optimization Volt/VAr control(VVc)

An analytical study on the rayleigh wave generation in a stratified structure

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第7期41卷 1039-1054页

作者： A.MANDI S.kUNDU P.PATI P.c.pal Department of Mathematics and computing Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanbad 826004India

In this paper,an analytical method is used to investigate the rayleigh wave generation in a stratified structure and the wave generation in a dry sandy layer constrained between the couple stress and inhomogeneous orthotropic *** study is devoted to analyzing the impact of various effective parameters associated with the media on the phase velocities of the *** displacement components for each medium are derived by implementing the separable variable *** frequency equa-tion is secured by using the displacement components in the boundary conditions,imposed at the interfaces between the layer and ***,the secured equation is the relation between the phase velocity and the wave *** computations are performed,and graphical representations are demonstrated between the phase velocity and the wave number for both phase velocities with different values of the *** comparison between the phase velocities is observed for the same value of each pa-rameter.

关键词： rayleigh wave dry sandy layer couple stress orthotropic phase velocity wave number

Incidence of urinary incontinence following endoscopic laser enucleation of the prostate by en-bloc and non-en-bloc techniques:a multicenter,real-world experience of 5068 patients

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 233-238页

作者： Daniele castellani Vineet Gauhar khi Yung Fong Mario Sofer Moisés rodríguez Socarrás Azimdjon N Tursunkulov Lie kwok Ying Sarvajit Biligere Ho Yee Tiong Dean Elterman Abhay Mahajan Mark Taratkin Sorokin Nikolai Ivanovich Tanuj pal Bhatia Dmitry Enikeev Nariman Gadzhiev Mohammed Taif Bendigeri Jeremy Yuen-chun Teoh Marco Dellabella Fernando Gómez Sancha Bhaskar kumar Somani Thomas reinhard William Herrmann Urology Unit IRCCS INRCAAncona 60127Italy Urology Unit Marche University HospitalLe Marche Polytechnic UniversityAncona 60126Italy Department of Urology Ng Teng Fong General HospitalSingapore 609606Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Department of Urology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterAffiliated to the Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6423906Israel Department of Urology and robotic Surgery ICUA-Clínica CEMTROMadrid 28701Spain Urology Division Akfa Medline HospitalTashkent 100211Uzbekistan Advanced Urology Gleneagles HospitalSingapore 258499Singapore Department of Urology National University HospitalSingapore 119228Singapore Divisionof Urology Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoOntarioToronto M5G 2C4Canada Department of Urology Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s Medical College and HospitalAurangabad 431003India Institute for Urology and reproductive Health Sechenov UniversityMoscow119435Russian Federation Department of Urologyand Andrology Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119992Russian Federation Department of Urology Sarvodaya Hospital and Research CentreFaridabadHaryana 121006India Department of Urology Medical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Department of Urology Saint-Petersburg State University HospitalSaint-Petersburg 199034Russian Federation Department of Urology Asian Institute of Nephrology and UrologyHyderabad 500082India S.H.Ho Urologycentre Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 96H2+Q9China Department of Urology University Hospitals Southampton NHS TrustSouthampton SO166YDUnited Kingdom Department of Urology Cantonal Hospital Thurgau AGFraunfeld 8500Switzerland

We aim to evaluate the incidence of incontinence following laser endoscopic enucleation of the prostate(EEP)comparing en-bloc(Group 1)versus 2-lobe/3-lobe techniques(Group 2).We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing EEP for benign prostaticenlargement in 12 centers between January 2020 and January *** were presented as median and interquartile range(IQr).Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate factors associated with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and mixed urinary incontinence(MUI).There were 1711 patients in Group 1 and 3357 patients in Group *** in Group 2were significantly younger(68[62–73]years vs 69[63–74]years,P=0.002).Median(interquartile range)prostate volume(PV)wassimilar between the groups(70[52–92]ml in Group 1 vs 70[54–90]ml in Group 2,P=0.774).There was no difference in preoperativeInternational Prostate Symptom Score,quality of life,or maximum flow ***,morcellation,and total surgical time weresignificantly shorter in Group *** 1 month,overall incontinence rate was 6.3%in Group 1 versus 5.3%in Group 2(P=0.12),and urge incontinence was significantly higher in Group 1(55.1%vs 37.3%in Group 2,Pr 3 months,the overall rate ofincontinence was 1.7%in Group 1 versus 2.3%in Group 2(P=0.06),and SUI was significantly higher in Group 2(55.6%vs 24.1%in Group 1,P=0.002).At multivariable analysis,PV and IPSS were factors significantly associated with higher odds of transient SUI/***,surgical time,and no early apical release technique were factors associated with higher odds of persistent SUI/MUI.

关键词： benign prostatic hyperplasia en-bloc enucleation endoscopic enucleation of the prostate laser therapy stress urinaryincontinence urge urinary incontinence