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Pelleting and particle size reduction of corn increase net energy and digestibility of fiber,protein,and fat in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1751-1760页

作者： su A lee Diego A.Rodriguez Chad B.Paulk Hans H.Stein Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Grain Sciences and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Background Reduction of the particle size of corn increases energy digestibility and concentrations of digestible and metabolizable *** may also reduce particle size of grain,but it is not known if there are interactions between particle size reduction and *** objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that particle size reduction and pelleting,separately or in combination,increase N balance,apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of fiber and fat,and net energy(NE)in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed *** Six corn-soybean meal-based diets were used in a 3×2 factorial design with 3 particle sizes of corn(i.e.,700,500,or 300μm)and 2 diet forms(i.e.,meal or pelleted).Pigs were allowed ad libitum access to feed and ***-four castrated male pigs(initial weight:29.52 kg;standard diviation:1.40)were allotted to the 6 diets using a 6×6 Latin square design with 6 calorimeter chambers(i.e.,4 pigs/chamber)and 6 *** consumption and CO_(2)and CH_(4)productions were measured during fed and fasting states and fecal and urine samples were *** Regardless of particle size of corn,the ATTD of gross energy(GE),N,and acid-hydrolyzed ether extract(AEE),and the concentration of NE were greater(P<0.05)in pelleted diets than in meal *** of diet form,the ATTD of GE,N,and AEE,and the concentration of NE were increased(linear;P<0.05)by reducing the particle size of corn,but the increase was greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets(interaction;P<0.05).Conclusions Both pelleting and reduction of corn particle size increased nutrient digestibility and NE,but increases were greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets.

关键词： Corn Digestibility Feed technology Net energy Particle size Pelleting

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Broken-up spectra of the loop-top hard X-ray source during a solar limb flare

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第12期19卷 207-216页

作者： Hao Ning Yao Chen Jeongwoo lee Zhao Wu Yang su Xiang-Liang Kong Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment and Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Solar hard X-rays(HXRs) appear in the form of either footpoint sources or coronal sources. Each individual source provides its own critical information on acceleration of nonthermal electrons and plasma heating. Earlier studies found that the HXR emission in some events manifests a broken-up power-law spectrum, with the break energy around a few hundred keV based on spatially-integrated spectral analysis,and it does not distinguish the contributions from individual sources. In this paper, we report on the brokenup spectra of a coronal source studied using HXR data recorded by Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager(RHESSI) during the SOL2017–09–10 T16:06(GOES class X8.2) flare. The flare occurred behind the western limb and its footpoint sources were mostly occulted by the disk. We could clearly identify such broken-up spectra pertaining solely to the coronal source during the flare peak time and after. Since a significant pileup effect on the RHESSI spectra is expected for this intense solar flare, we have selected the pileup correction factor, p = 2. In this case, we found the resulting RHESSI temperature(~30MK) to be similar to the GOES soft X-ray temperature and break energies of 45–60 keV. Above the break energy, the spectrum hardens with time from spectral index of 3.4 to 2.7, and the difference in spectral indices below and above the break energy increases from 1.5 to 5 with time. However, we note that when p = 2 is assumed, a single power-law fitting is also possible with the RHESSI temperature higher than the GOES temperature by ~10MK. Possible scenarios for the broken-up spectra of the loop-top HXR source are briefly discussed.

关键词： acceleration of particles sun:corona sun:flares sun:UV radiation sun:X-rays gamma rays

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Evaluation of immobilizing agents as soil quality conditioners in addition to their metal(loid) immobilizing effect

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Pedosphere 2022年第2期32卷 307-316页

作者： Chaw su LWIN Mina lee Young-Nam KIM Gary OWENS Kwon-Rae KIM Department of Soil and Water Science Yezin Agricultural UniversityYezinNaypyitaw 15013Myanmar Department of Smart-Agro Industry Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52725Korea Institute of Agriculture and Life Science(IALS) Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea Environmental Contaminants Group Future Industries InstituteUniversity of South AustralianMawson Lakes SA 5095Australia

In trace metal (TM)-contaminated agricultural soils,management of TM availability is important for safe crop *** addition,maintenance or improvement of soil quality is vital for sustainable crop *** TM phytoavailability and increased soil quality can be achieved by the application of various immobilizing agents to soil,which can supply both macronutrients and organic *** study investigated the long-term influences of four common immobilizing agents on soil biogeochemical properties and the phytoavailability of TMs in mixed metal-contaminated soil from a cultivated upland near an abandoned mining *** (L),gypsum (G),fly ash (F),and animal manure-based compost (C) were applied to pots containing contaminated soil,either individually or in *** incubation for three years under sequential cultivation of two crops and fallow,soil biogeochemical properties were determined,and Brassica rapa plant bioassay was *** phytoavailability of all TMs (both cationic metals and anionic metalloids) remained significantly lower in soils treated with immobilizing agents even after three years,when compared with the no-agent control (CK) *** addition,the soil quality was significantly improved by treatment with immobilizing *** instance,the C and L+C treatments were the most effective in improving soil physical (bulk density,porosity,and water-resistant aggregate stability),chemical (pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,cation exchange capacity,and plant-available phosphorus,magnesium,and potassium),and biological (microbial biomass carbon and dehydrogenase activity) *** improvement of soil properties and lowering of TM bioavailability were also consistent with the most significant increase in *** biomass production observed in the C treatment,followed by the L+C,G+F,L,G,F,and L+G treatments,as compared with that in *** results indicate that the function of the TM-immobilizing agent as a soil qualit

关键词： crop production metal bioavailability metal immobilization metal phytoavailability soil amendments soil biogeochemical properties soil remediation trace metals

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Electrochemical characteristics of HVOF spray coated layer with WC-27NiCr and WC-10Co4Cr for Al bronze

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2012年第S3期22卷 753-759页

作者： Min-su HAN Seung-jun lee Min-sung KIM Seok-ki JANG Seong-jong KIM Division of Marine Engineering Mokpo Maritime University

Among the environmentally friendly marine energies,tidal current power plants require low cost because they do not need to construct a large *** power is particularly reliable energy source because the power generation capacity is predictable regardless of weather or *** materials or stainless steel have been used as materials of blades for current power ***,their strength and welding performance generated many problems in field *** alloys with excellent cavitation resistance and corrosion resistance were applied as blade materials to improve the durability of copper *** were coated with WC-27NiCr and WC-10Co4Cr using the high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) *** metal spray coating technology has the advantage in terms of the selection of materials for cost effectiveness and environmental effects of corrosion because the properties of the coat layer can be controlled *** with WC-27NiCr and WC-10Co4Cr by HVOF,WC-27NiCr shows better corrosion resistance *** reason for this seems to be that corrosion resistance improves and a stable passive film forms due to the effects of Ni and Cr.

关键词： tidal power copper alloys HVOF coating corrosion resistance

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In situ staining of the primo vascular system in the ventricles and subarachnoid space of the brain by trypan blue injection into the lateral ventricle

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第28期6卷 2171-2175页

作者： Jingxing Dai byung-Cheon lee Ping An Zhendong su Rongmei Qu Ki Hoon Eom Kwang-sup Soh Department of Human Anatomy Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong Province China Nano Primo Research Center Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology Seoul National University Seou1443-270 Korea Pharmacupuncture Medical Research Institute Korean Pharmacupuncture Institute Seoul Korea

We examined a new method for visualization of the primo vascular system in the rat brain involving lateral ventricle injection of trypan blue. Results showed that the primo vascular system in the lateral ventricles and arachnoid mater of the brain were preferentially stained relative to blood vessels and fascia. The primo-vessels along blood vessels in the brain were clearly exhibited. In addition, the primo vascular system was evident between the fourth ventricle and the quadrigeminal cistern. Our experimental findings indicate that this new technique of lateral ventricle injection of trypan blue can visualize the primo vascular system in lateral ventricles and arachnoid mater of rats in situ.

关键词： trypan blue primo vascular system fascia cerebral ventricles choroid plexus neuroanatomy neural regeneration

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[001]-texturing of(K,Na)NbO_(3)-based piezoceramics with a pseudocubic structure and their application to piezoelectric devices

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第3期10卷 632-642页

作者： su-Hwan Go Seok-Jung Park Seung-Hyun Kim Seok-June Chae Eun-Ji Kim Geun-su lee Sahn Nahm Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea

0.96(K_(0.5)Na_(0.5-z)Li_(z))(Nb_(0.92)Sb_(0.08))O_(3)-0.04(Ca_(0.5)Sr_(0.5))ZrO_(3)[(KN_(0.5-z)L_(z))NS-CSZ]piezoceramics(0≤z≤0.04)were aligned in the[001]orientation using 3%(in mole)NaNbO_(3)templates with a large Lotgering factor(>97%).Their crystal structures transformed from the orthorhombic-pseudocubic(O-P)structure to the orthorhombic-tetragonal-pseudocubic(O-T-P)structure with an increasing *** P structure was interpreted as a rhombohedral R3m *** piezoelectricity of the compositions increased after[001]-texturing,and the enhancement was proportional to the O phase *** composition(z=0.03)exhibited the highest piezoelectric constant(d_(33);670 pC/N)and electromechanical coupling factor(k_(p);0.56).Piezoelectric energy harvesters were produced using the untextured and textured samples(z=0.03).The textured harvester delivered a large power density of 26.6 mW/mm^(3),which was larger than that of the untextured harvester owing to the enhanced kp and d_(33)×g_(33) of the textured piezoceramic.A multilayer actuator was produced using the textured sample(z=0.03),and it exhibited a large acceleration(44.2 G)and displacement(±3,730 mm)at±25 ***,the[001]-textured(KN_(0.47)L_(0.03))NS-CSZ piezoceramic is suitable for piezoelectric energy harvesters and actuators.

关键词： KNN-Based piezoceramic Lead-free Energy harvester Actuator Reactive template grain growth

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Experiments and computer simulation analysis of impact behaviors of micro-sized abrasive in waterjet cutting of thin multiple layered materials

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2012年第S3期22卷 864-869页

作者： Jung-Han lee Kang-su PARK Myung Chang KANG Bo Sik KANG Bo sung SHIN Engineering Research Center Pusan National University National Core Research Center Pusan National University Mechanical System Safety Research Division Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials

The abrasive waterjet (AWJ) is now widely used in the advanced cutting processes of polymers,metals,glass,ceramics and composite materials like thin multiple-layered material (TMM).Various research and development efforts have recently been made to understand the science of ***,the interaction mechanism between a workpiece and high-velocity abrasive particles still remains a complicated *** this work,the material removal mechanisms of AWJ such as micro penetration and micro dent were experimentally *** addition,a new computer simulation model considering high strain rate effect was proposed to understand the micro impact behavior of high-velocity micro-sized abrasives in AWJ cutting.

关键词： abrasive waterjet thin multiple layered materials micro-sized abrasive micro penetration micro dent

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FACTORS OF 3GWC SYSTEMS FOR DRAWING UP CUSTOMIZED STRATEGIES OF PROMOTION

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2011年第3期20卷 365-381页

作者： Hsin-Pin FU Hwan-Yann su Fang-Hua WANG Ching-Yi CHANG Hung-Hsuan lee Department of Marketing and Distribution Management National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan China Department of Asia-Pacific Industrial and Business Management National University of Kaohsiung Taiwan China Antai College of Economics ＆ Management Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Antai College of Economics ＆ Management Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Institute of Management National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology Taiwan China

This study utilizes fuzzy analytic hierarchy process （FAHP） to analyze decision-making pattems with regard to third-generation wireless communications （3GWC） service adoption, and to provide customized strategic recommendations to suppliers of 3GWC services regarding marketing and resource allocation in the context of the Chinese 3GWC market. First of all, a three-layer hierarchy of 3GWC adoption factors is developed by referring to the relevant literature and industry reports. A questionnaire of pairwise comparisons in the fuzzy AHP format is then designed and distributed to experts familiar with the handset market in Shanghai, China. These surveys are then analyzed using fuzzy AHP to establish an understanding of the weights and impacts of the various factors. The results show that the four most important factors for the adoption of 3GWC systems are：（i） handset price and voice and data-transmission fees; （ii） handset aesthetics; （iii） personalization; and （iv） network coverage. These findings suggest that providers of such services should customize and diversify the content/applications they offer and ensure the speed and reliability of network access. In addition, handset designs should be in accordance with consumer demands. If these steps can be achieved, then consumers will adopt 3GWC services more rapidly.

关键词： 3GWC (third generation mobile) adoption factors FAHP

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On the Weissenberg effect of turbulence

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2019年第4期9卷 236-245,I0003页

作者： Yu-Ning Huang Wei-Dong su Cun-Biao lee State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems College of Engineering Peking University

Within the framework of the Navier–Stokes equations,the Weissenberg effect of turbulence is *** begin with our investigation on the elastic effect of homogeneous turbulent shear ***,in the sense of Truesdell(Physics of Fluids,1964)on the natural time of materials,we derive the natural time of turbulence,and use it together with the natural viscosity of turbulence derived in the article of Huang et al.(Journal of Turbulence,2003)to define the natural Weissenberg number of turbulence as a measure of the elastic effect of homogeneous ***,we define a primary Weissenberg number of turbulence,which in laminar flow reduces to the Weissenberg number widely applied in rheology to characterize the elasticity of visco-elastic *** analysis based on the experimental results of Tavoularis and Karnik(Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1989)indicates that the larger is the Weissenberg number of turbulence,the more elastic becomes the turbulent flow ***,we put forth a general Weissenberg number of turbulence,which includes the primary Weissenberg number of turbulence as a special case,to measure the overall elastic effects of ***,it is shown that the general Weissenberg number can also be used to characterize the elastic effects of non-Newtonian fluids in laminar flow.

关键词： Normal stress difference Natural time of turbulence Weissenberg number of turbulence Elastic effect Non-Newtonian fluid

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Orostachys japonicus ethyl acetate fraction suppresses MRSA biofilm formation

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第1期13卷 38-45页

作者： Jae-Hyeon Kim su-Yeon Han Ji-Hye Kwon Dong-Seok lee Department of Smart Foods and Drugs Graduate School of Inje UniversityGimhae 50834Republic of Korea

Objective:To investigate the effect of Orostachys(O.)japonicus,a perennial herbaceous plant of the Family Crassulaceae,on biofilm formed by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Methods:Powdered *** was extracted by 95%methanol,concentrated,and then,systematically fractionated with n-hexane,dichloromethane(DCM),ethyl acetate(EtOAc),n-butanol,and H2 O according to *** them,the flavonoid-rich EtOAc fraction demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity and was used in this *** the biofilm inhibition assay,cell-surface attachment assay,confocal laser scanning microscopy,latex agglutination assay,and real time qRT-PCR,we examined whether the EtOAc fraction inhibited the formation of MRSA ***:The EtOAc fraction exhibited distinct activity against biofilm formation and cell-surface attachment of MRSA up to 1 mg/m L through down-regulating the expression of mec A gene and the production and agglutination of penicillin-binding protein 2 a as solidly observed in biofilm inhibition assay,cell-suface attachment assay,confocal laser scanning microscopy,latex agglutination assay,and real time qRT-PCR ***:These results suggest that *** could be utilized as a potential resource for the development of new antibiofilm formation of MRSA and antibacterial agents in the future.

关键词： Orostachys japonicus MRSA Biofilm formation

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