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Middle Cambrian (Upper Series 3)Protoconodonts and Paraconodonts from the Machari Formation at Eodungol Section,Yeongwol,Korea

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Journal of Earth Science 2013年第2期24卷 157-169页

作者： byung-Su Lee Department of Earth Science Education Chonbuk National University

The Machari Formation ranges from the ＂upper Series 3＂（Middle Cambrian） to Furongian （Upper Cambrian） in the Yeongwol area, Korea. It has been known to yield relatively diverse invertebrate fossils. Particularly, the trilobite biozones of the formation have been well defined. On the other hand, little has hitherto been studied on conodont microfossils for the formation. This paper reports a diverse and well-preserved protoconodonts and paraconodonts of Series 3 from the formation in the Eodungol Section, exposed along a southern mountain trail of Mt. Sambangsan, Yeongwol, Korea. Five of the 13 samples collected for conodont contain a rich protoconodont and paraconodont assemblage and numerous shelly fossils including trilobites, brachiopods, sponge spicules, hyolithids, and incertae sedis. Sample Eo 5 is extremely fossiliferous （465 elements, 96.5% of total collection）, and the most abundant species was Phakelodus elongatus （236 elements, 62% of the Eo 5 collection）. The preservation is relatively good, but some specimens are corroded and fragmentary. Some of the protoconodonts are exfoliated. Relatively larger ones were commonly preserved as phosphatized internal molds, particularly in specimens of Furnishina bigeminata, Furnishina leei n. sp., Muellerodus pomeranensis, Nogamiconus sinensis, and westergaardodids. Phakelodids were commonly preserved as clusters. Among 20 species referable to nine genera, Furnishina bigeminata, Furnishina leei n. sp., Nogamiconus sinensis, Huayuanodontus tricornis, Proscandodus obliquus, and Westergaardodina grandidens were previously undescribed species in Korea. This assemblage is named herein as the Westergaardodina matsushitai Zone, which is a new biozonal name replacing the old one, i.e., Gapparodus bisulcatus-Westergaardodina matsushitai-Westergaardodina moessebergensis Assemblage. The W. matsushitai Zone corresponds to the Lejopyge armata trilobite Zone and is well correlated with the upper Series 3 conodont biozones of the W

关键词： conodonts biostratigraphy Series 3 and Furongian Machari Formation Korea.

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Reliable beacon transmission based MAC protocol for LR-WPANs over WLAN interferences

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2014年第6期15卷 470-481页

作者： Ji-Hoon PARK byung-Seo KIM ITO Business Division Nongshim Data System Department of Computer and Information Communications Engineering Hongik University

The use of IEEE 802.15.4 standard based application systems has been rapidly increasing, for example, in medical services, sensor networks, public safety systems, and home automation systems. However, issues arise from the fact that IEEE 802.15.4 standard based low rate wireless personal area networks(LR-WPANs) use the same frequency bands as wireless local area networks(WLANs), and they interfere with each other. Based on past research on this issue, the interference has a more serious impact on LR-WPANs' performance than on WLANs' performance. In this paper we propose a method to improve LR-WPANs' performance while coexisting with WLANs, which is called the reliable beacon transmission based medium access control(MAC) protocol. Since the reliability of a beacon frame is important, in this method, only the beacon frame is transmitted in interference-free channels, and the data packets are transmitted in interfered channels instead of abandoning the channels altogether. This method increases the reliability of beacon frames as well as overall channel utilizations. The effectiveness of the proposed method was evaluated through extensive simulations, and this paper proves that this method improves the performance of IEEE 802.15.4 based wireless sensor networks(WSNs) over WLANs' interferences.

关键词： Low rate wireless personal area network(LR-WPAN) Interference Wireless local area network(WLAN) Beacon

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DEVELOPMENT OF REALISTIC QUALITY LOSS FUNCTIONS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2006年第4期15卷 385-398页

作者： Abdul-Baasit SHAIBU byung Rae CHO Advanced Quality Engineering Laboratory Department of Industrial Engineering Clemson University Clemson South Carolina SC 29634 U.S.A

A number of quality loss functions, most recently the Taguchi loss function, have been developed to quantify the loss due to the deviation of product performance from the desired target value. All these loss functions assume the same loss at the specified specification limits. In many real life industrial applications, however, the losses at the two different specifications limits are often not the same. Further, current loss functions assume a product should be reworked or scrapped if product performance falls outside the specification limits. It is a common practice in many industries to replace a defective item rather than spending resources to repair it, especially if considerable amount of time is required. To rectify these two potential problems, this paper proposes more realistic quality loss functions for proper applications to real-world industrial problems. This paper also carries out a comparison studies of all the loss functions it considers.

关键词： Modified quadratic loss type Ⅰ exponential loss type Ⅱ exponential loss expected loss,within-specification loss out-of-specification loss

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Synthesis of activated carbons from black sapote seeds,characterization and application in the elimination of heavy metals and textile dyes

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第2期28卷 613-623页

作者： Alejandra Alicia Peláez-Cid Vincent Romero-hernández Ana María Herrera-González Alejandro Bautista-hernández Oscar Coreno-Alonso Facultad de Ingeniería Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaMexico Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma del Estado de HidalgoMexico División de Ingenierías Universidad de GuanajuatoMexico

Many different techniques may be used to remove industrial pollutants from wastewater. Adsorption using activated carbon has been reported to be an effective method. This work proposes the use of a vegetable residue(black sapote seeds) as a raw material for its synthesis. These carbons were chemically activated using phosphoric acid and carbonized at 673 and 873 K. Adsorption isotherms were constructed for the textile dyes on the carbons, and this data was treated using Langmuir’s equation to quantitatively describe the adsorption process. The synthesized carbons were characterized using FTIR, EA, SEM, Nitrogen adsorption(specific surface areas of 879 and 652 m2·g-1), and their points of zero charge(2.1 and 2.3). It was possible to adsorb both heavy metals and textile dyes present in aqueous solutions and wastewaters using these activated carbons. Heavy metals were adsorbed almost completely by both carbons. Cationic dyes where adsorbed(58–59.8 mg·g-1) in greater amounts compared to anionic dyes(10–58.8 mg·g-1). The amount of anionic dyes adsorbed increased almost 30% by changing the pH of the solutions. One of the carbons was thermally regenerated on three occasions without losing its adsorption capacity and it was proved in a flow system.

关键词： Activated carbons Black sapote seeds Heavy metal adsorption Textile dye adsorption Wastewater treatment

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Application of the ground cooling system for rural houses air conditioning in northeastern China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第2期15卷 230-235页

作者： moon Ki Jang College of Information&Electric Engineering Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110161China

This study developed an appropriate ground cooling system that can be used for indoor cooling during summers in rural houses in northeastern *** apply this system,a traditional rural house was selected and a heat exchanger was designed(PE pipe,32 m in length),manufactured,and installed according to the cooling load(2206 kJ/h)of one room of the experimental *** to the experiment,the temperature of Room 1 equipped with the cooling system was 3℃ lower than that of Room 2 without the ground cooling system during the same time *** temperature reduction effect of this system was confirmed through this *** the ground cooling system was used in rural houses in Northeast China,it was found that a burial depth of 1.5-2.0 m for the ground heat exchanger is appropriate for considering workability and frost *** use of the ground cooling system for indoor cooling during summers for rural houses in the northeastern region of China would reduce not only environmental pollution and the use of fossil fuels but also ease farmers off a certain amount of financial burden.

关键词： ground cooling system ground heat exchanger air conditioning system rural houses

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Seasonally Varying Reference Atmospheres for East Asia

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2007年第2期24卷 181-190页

作者： byung-Ju SOHN Geun-Hyeok RYU School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University Seoul 151-747Korea

Vertical profiles of seasonally varying pressure, temperature, water vapor, and trace gases （O3, N2O, CO, CH4）, representing atmospheric conditions up to a height of 100 km over the East Asia region （30°-50°N, 110°-150°E） were constructed by using various observation data, model outputs of atmospheric thermodynamic parameters, and gaseous concentrations. Optical characteristics of the obtained East Asia reference atmospheres were compared with those from typical midlatitude summer and winter atmospheres. It was noted that, in the water vapor field, there are major differences between the two model atmospheres during the summer. The resultant impact during the summer of water vapor difference on incoming solar fluxes at the surface and emitted terrestrial fluxes at the top of the atmosphere are 14.3 W m^-2 and 6.5 W m^-2, respectively. On the other hand, the winter difference between East Asian and midlatitude atmospheres appears to be insignificant. Reference atmospheres for the spring and fall are also available. Utilizing the constructed atmospheric profiles as inputs to the radiative transfer model, it is expected that the constructed seasonally varying reference atmospheres can facilitate better descriptions of optical properties in East Asia.

关键词： East Asian reference atmosphere radiative transfer atmospheric optical property

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Multilayer Strategy for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation:New Electrode Architecture that Alleviates Multiple Bottlenecks

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第5期14卷 92-109页

作者： Selvaraj Seenivasan Hee moon Do‑Heyoung Kim School of Chemical Engineering Chonnam National University77 Yongbong‑roGwangju 61186Republic of Korea

Years of research have demonstrated that the use of multiple components is essential to the development of a commercial photoelectrode to address specific bottlenecks,such as low charge separation and injection efficiency,low carrier diffusion length and lifetime,and poor durability.A facile strategy for the synthesis of multilayered photoanodes from atomic-layer-deposited ultrathin films has enabled a new type of electrode architecture with a total multilayer thickness of 15–17 *** illustrate the advantages of this electrode architecture by using nanolayers to address different bottlenecks,thus producing a multilayer photoelectrode with improved interface kinetics and shorter electron transport path,as determined by interface *** photocurrent density was twice that of the bare structure and reached a maximum of 33.3±2.1 mA cm^(−2) at 1.23 *** integrated overall water-splitting cell consisting of an electrocatalytic NiS cathode and Bi_(2)S_(3)/NiS/NiFeO/TiO_(2) photoanode was used for precious-metal-free seawater splitting at a cell voltage of 1.23 V without *** results and root analyses suggest that the distinctive advantages of the electrode architecture,which are superior to those of bulk bottom-up core–shell and hierarchical architectures,originate from the high density of active sites and nanometer-scale layer thickness,which enhance the suitability for interface-oriented energy conversion processes.

关键词： Atomic layer deposition Bismuth sulfide n-p junction Photoelectrochemical Nickel sulfide

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Analyzing the role of extracellular matrix during nervous system development to advance new regenerative strategies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第4期12卷 566-567页

作者： Teresa Caprile hernán Montecinos Axon Guidance Laboratory Department of Cell Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences Universidad de Concepción

Regeneration in the central nervous system （CNS） is limited, and CNS damage often leads to cognitive impairment or permanent functional motor and sensory loss. Impaired regenerative capacity is multifactorial and includes inflammation, loss of the blood-brain barrier, and alteration in the extracellular matrix （ECM）. One of the main problems is the formation of a glial scar and the production of inhibitory ECM, such as proteoglycans, that generates a physical and mechanical barrier, impeding axonal regrowth （Figure 1A）.

关键词： ECM Analyzing the role of extracellular matrix during nervous system development to advance new regenerative strategies

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An effective evolutionary algorithm for the multiple container packing problem

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第3期18卷 337-344页

作者： Sang-moon Soak Sang-Wook Lee Gi-Tae Yeo moon-Gu Jeon Information Systems Examination Team Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO) Gov. Complex Daejeon Building 4 920 Dunsandong Seogu Daejeon Republic of Korea School of Information and Mechatronics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro Buk-gu Gwanju Republic of Korea College of Humanities and Social Sciences Woosuk University 490 Hujung-Ri Samrye-Eup Wanju-Gun Jeollabuk-Do Republic of Korea School of Information and Mechatronics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro Buk-gu Gwanju Republic of Korea c

This paper focuses on a new optimization problem, which is called ''The Multiple Container Packing Problem (MCPP)" and proposes a new evolutionary approach for it. The proposed evolutionary approach uses ''Adaptive Link Adjustment Evolutionary Algorithm (ALA-EA)" as a basic framework and it incorporates a heuristic local improvement approach into ALA-EA. The first step of the local search algorithm is to raise empty space through the exchange among the packed items and then to improve the fitness value through packing unpacked items into the raised empty space. The second step is to exchange the packed items and the unpacked items one another toward improving the fitness value. The proposed algorithm is compared to the previous evolutionary approaches at the bench- mark instances (with the same container capacity) and the modifled benchmark instances (with different container capacity) and that the algorithm is proved to be superior to the previous evolutionary approaches in the solution quality.

关键词： ALA-EA Evolutionary algorithm Heuristic The multiple container packing problem

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Significance of age and comorbidity as prognostic indicators for patients with bladder cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第5期12卷 766-774页

作者： moon Soo Ha In Ho Chang Department of Urology College of Medicine Chung-Ang University Seou1140-75 7 Korea

The aim of this study was to determine the impact that age and comorbidity status have on both overall and bladder cancer-specific survival of bladder cancer patients. We obtained medical information pertaining to a population of 528 patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer from Chung-Ang University Hospital cancer registry. The Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 （ACE-27） test, which has been previously validated in adult cancer patients, was used to assess comorbidity. We evaluated differences in the demographic and clinical characteristics of included patients, as well as differences in the treatments they received after categorizing them by age. The median age at the time of bladder cancer diagnosis of the entire cohort was 63 years, and the median follow-up time was 97 months. Of the 528 patients who were included in our study, 303 had at least one comorbid condition and 249 died during the follow-up period. When patients were stratified by age, we found that older patients had a higher proportion of severe comorbidities （P 〈 0.01） than younger patients, and that a lower proportion of them underwent radical cystec- tomy for invasive bladder cancer （IBC）（P 〈 0.01）. By multivariate analysis, we found that older age was predictive of lower overall survival （OS） and bladder cancer-specific survival （BCSS） rates among patients with superficial bladder cancer （SBC） and of lower OS rates among patients with IBC. We also found that moderate-severe comorbidity status and treatment through a bladder-conserving approach were predictive of lower OS and cancer-specific survival rates among patients with IBC. The disparity between overall deaths and bladder cancer deaths was shown in SBC and increased along with age and higher comorbidity. Age and comorbidity were found to be independent predictive factors of OS and BCSS among bladder cancer patients, and explained the disparity that we observed between overall bladder cancer-specific mortality rates.

关键词： age comorbidity neoplasm prognostic indicator urinary bladder

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