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A h.gh.frequency of GBV-C/h.V coinfection in h.patitis C patients in Germany

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第6期6卷 833-841页

作者： Reinh.rd h. Dennin Institute of Medical Microbiology Medical University of LeubeckGermany

AIM To detect infection rate of GBV-C/h.V inh.patitis C patients,to determine th. meth.dsof h.gh.r sensitivity and th. primers of h.gh.refficiency for GBV-C/h.V RNA detection and tostudy th. dominant subtype and mutation ofGBV-C/*** Quantitative RT-PCR for detectionpf h.V RNA concentration in serum samples,RT-nested PCR with.two sets of primers fordetection of GBV-C RNA,RT-PCR ELISA with.twosets of primers for detection of h.V RNA,nucleotide sequence and putative amino acidsequence *** Th. positive rates of GBV-C RNA atth. 5’-NCR and NS3 region in 211 serums amplesfrom th. patients with.h.V infection were 31.8%and 22.8% *** positive rates ofh.V RNA at th. 5’-NCR and NS5 region in th.same samples were 47.9% and 31.8%*** total positive rate of GBV-C/h.V RNA was as h.gh.as 55.5%.h.V copynumbers in th. patients with.ut GBV-C/ h.Vcoinfection were statistically h.gh.r th.n th.t inth. patients with.GBV-C/ h.V coinfection(Ph. *** mutation was found in twosamples with.GBV-C NS3 region *** nucleotide sequences fromamplification products sh.wed h.gh.r h.mologyto h.V genome th.n to GBV-C genome even th.ugh.part of th. sequences were amplifiedwith.GBV-C *** A h.gh.frequency of GBV-C/ h.V coinfection existed in th. h.patitis C patients. RT-PCR ELISA was more sensitive th.n RT-nested PCR for detection of GBV-C/ h.V RNA. Th. primers derived from th. 5 -NCR was more efficient th.n th.se derived from th. NS3 and NS5 regions. A reverse relationsh.p was found to exist between h.V RNA concentration and GBV-C/ h.V infection frequency. h.V was th. dominant subtype of th. virus in th. local area. Th. major mutations of GBV-C/ h.V genomes were random mutation of nucleotide residue.

关键词： GB Virus C h.patitis G virus h.patitis C virus coinfection polymerase ch.in reaction sequencing dominant viral subtype Germany

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Aerosol distribution and efficacy in a commercial food wareh.use

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Insect Science 2008年第2期15卷 133-140页

作者： Frank h. Arth.r USDA-ARS Grain Marketing and Production Research.Center Manh.ttan Kansas USA

A series of field trials were conducted in a commercial food storage facility to evaluate exposure of stored-product insects to aerosol formulations of synergized pyreth.ins and th. insect growth.regulator meth.prene. Wh.n adults of Tribolium castaneum （h.rbst）, th. red flour beetle, and Tribolium confusum （Jacqueline DuVal）, th. confused flour beetle were exposed with.and with.ut a food source to synergized pyreth.in aerosol, th.re was no difference in adult mortality with.respect to availability of food at eith.r 7 or 14 days after exposure （P≥0.05）. h.wever, mortality was lower in T. confusum （40.4% and 79.3% with.flour at 7 and 14 days, 38.9% and 84.8% with.ut flour at 7 and 14 days） compared to T. castaneum （96.5% and 99.8% with.flour at 7 and 14 days, 91.0% and 98.7% with.ut flour at 7 and 14 days）. Few late-stage larvae and pupae of eith.r species exposed to th. pyreth.in aerosol emerged as adults. In tests with.meth.prene aerosol, adult emergence of exposed 3- and 4-week-old larvae of T. confusum was less th.n 2%. Only 0.3% of 4-week-old larvae of T. castaneum exposed in open and obstructed areas emerged as adults. Emergence of adults from eggs of Plodia interpunctella （h.bner）, th. Indianmeal moth. embedded in culture media and exposed to th. meth.prene aerosol was 13.2%±3.5%. Results sh.w th.t th. aerosols evaluated in our study could give effective control of some of th. major storedproduct insect pests in commercial food storage facilities, and may offer an alternative to fumigation.

关键词： aerosols control meth.prene Plodia pyreth.in Tribolium

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3D Micromech.nical Modeling of Failure and Damage Evolution in Dual Ph.se Steel Based on a Real 2D Microstructure

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Acta Mech.nica Solida Sinica 2016年第1期29卷 95-110页

作者： M.R.Ayatollah. A.Ch.Darabi h.R.Ch.mani J.Kadkh.dapour Fatigue and Fracture Lab. Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and DynamicsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringIran University of Science and Technology

A plate of dual ph.se steel was produced from low carbon steel with.intercritical annealing treatment. Its optically determined surface microstructure was utilized to construct th.ee different microstructural models. To describe th. ductile damage in th. ferritic matrix, th. Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman model was used with.th. failure in th. martensite ph.se being ignored. Th. numerical results obtained for th. mech.nism of void initiation and coalescence were compared with.th. experimental observations. Th. numerical results obtained from th. randomly extruded 3D model sh.wed a significantly better agreement with.th. experimental ones th.n th.se obtained from th. 2D model or th. uniformly extruded 3D model.

关键词： dual ph.se steel 3D model microstructure micromech.nical modeling GTN dam-age model

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Studying th. genetic basis of speciation in h.gh.gene flow marine invertebrates

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Current Zoology 2016年第6期62卷 643-653页

作者： Grant h. POGSON Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA

A growing number of genes responsible for reproductive incompatibilities between species （barrier loci） exh.bit th. signals of positive selection. h.wever, th. possibility th.t genes experiencing positive selection diverge early in speciation and commonly cause reproductive incompatibilities h.s not been systematically investigated on a genome-wide scale. h.re, I outline a research.program for studying th. genetic basis of speciation in broadcast spawning marine invertebrates th.t uses a priori genome-wide information on a large, unbiased sample of genes tested for positive selection. A targeted sequence capture approach.is proposed th.t scores single-nucleotide polymorph.sms （SNPs） in widely separated species populations at an early stage of allopatric divergence. Th. targeted capture of both.coding and non-coding sequences enables SNPs to be ch.racterized at known locations across th. genome and at genes with.known selective or neutral h.stories. Th. neutral coding and non-coding SNPs provide robust background distributions for identifying Fsm-outliers with.n genes th.t can, in principle, identify specific mutations experiencing diversifying selection. If natural h.bridization occurs between species, th. neutral coding and noncoding SNPs can provide a neutral admixture model for genomic clines analyses aimed at finding genes exh.biting strong blocks to introgression. Strongylocentrotid sea urch.ns are used as a model system to outline th. approach.but it can be used for any group th.t h.s a complete reference genome available.

关键词： barrier loci Bobzh.nsky-Muller incompatibilities FsToutliers genome scan introgression positive selection sequence capture speciation.

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On th. Ranks of Semigroups of Transformations on a Finite Set with.Restricted Range

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Algebra Colloquium 2014年第3期21卷 497-510页

作者： Vitor h. Fernandes Departamento de Matematica Faculdade de Ciencias e Tebcnologia Universidade Nova de Lisboa Monte da Caparica 2829-516 Caparica Portugal Centro de Algebra da Universidade de Lisboa Av. Prof. Gama Pinto 2 1649-003 Lisboa Portugal Department of Math.matics Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Material Science Research.Center Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand

Let ΡΥ（X） be th. semigroup of all partial transformations on X, Υ（X） and Ι（X） be th. subsemigroups of ΡΥ（X） of all full transformations on X and of all injective partial transformations on X, respectively. Given a non-empty subset Y of X, let ΡΥ（X, Y） = {α∈ ΡΥ（X）： Xα Y}, Υ（X, Y） = ΡΥ（X, Y） ∩Υ（X） and Ι（X, Y） = ΡΥ（X, Y） ∩ Ι（X）. In 2008, Sanwong and Sommanee described th. largest regular subsemigroup and determined Green＇s relations of Υ（X,Y）. In th.s paper, we present analogous results for both. Υ（X, Y） and Ι（X, Y）. For a finite set X with.｜x｜≥ 3, th. ranks of ΡΥ（X） = ΡΥ（X, X）, Υ（X） = Υ（X, X） and.Ι（X） = Ι（X, X） are well known to be 4, 3 and 3, respectively. In th.s paper, we also compute th. ranks of ΡΥ（X,Y）, Υ（X, Y） and Ι（X, Y） for any proper non-empty subset Y of X.

关键词： transformations restricted range regular elements Green's relations rank

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Wh.tefly feeding beh.vior and retention of a foregut-borne crinivirus exposed to artificial diets with.different ph.values

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 1079-1091页

作者： Jaclyn S. Zh.u Angel Y. S. Ch.n Martin Drucker Nicole h. Lopez Alyssa Carpenter James C. K. ng Department of Plant Path.logy and Microbiology and Center for Disease Vector Research University of California Riverside California USA INRA UMR BGPI Plant Pathogen Interactions Montpellier Cedex 5 France Barry University Miami Florida USA East Stroudsburg University E. Stroudsburg Pennsylvania USA

Transmission of plant viruses by ph.toph.gous h.mipteran insects encompasses complex interactions underlying a continuum of processes involved in virus acquisition, retention and inoculation combined with.vector feeding beh.vior. h.re, we investigated th. effects of dietary ph.on wh.tefly （Bemisia tabaci） feeding beh.vior and release of Lettuce infectious yellows virus （LIYV） virions retained in th. vector＇s foregut. Electrical penetration graph.analysis revealed th.t variables associated with.wh.tefly probing and ingestion did not differ significantly in ph.（4, 7.4, and 9） adjusted artificial diets. To investigate virus retention and release, wh.teflies allowed to acquire LIYV virions in a ph.7.4 artificial diet were fed ph.4, 7.4, or 9 virion-free artificial （clearing） diets. Immunofluorescent localization analyses indicated th.t virions remained bound to th. foreguts of approximately 20%-24% of vectors after th.y fed on each.of th. 3 ph. adjusted clearing diets. Wh.n RNA preparations from th. clearing diets were analyzed by reverse transcription （RT） nested-PCR and, in some cases, real-time qPCR, successful amplification of LIYV-specific sequence was infrequent but consistently repeatable for th. ph.7.4 diet but never observed for th. ph.4 and 9 diets, suggesting a weak ph.dependent effect for virion release. Viruliferous vectors th.t fed on each.of th. 3 ph.adjusted clearing diets transmitted LIYV to virus-free plants. Th.se results suggest th.t ch.nges in ph.values alone in artificial diet do not result in observable ch.nges in wh.tefly feeding beh.viors, an observation th.t marks a first in th. feeding of artificial diet by wh.tefly vectors; and th.t th.re is a potential causal and contingent relationsh.p between th. ph.in artificial diet and th. release/inoculation of foregut bound virions.

关键词： Crinivirus dietary ph inoculation noncirculative semipersistent transmission retention wh.tefly

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Minimal Length.Quantum Mech.nics of Dirac Particles in Noncommutative Space

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Ch.nese Ph.sics Letters 2015年第3期32卷 1-4页

作者： A. N. Ikot h. P. Obong h. h.ssanabadi Th.oretical Ph.sics Group Department of Physics University of Port Harcourt Choba PMB 5323 Nigeria Department of Basic Sciences Shahrood Branch Islamic Azad University Shahrood Iran

We study th. two-dimensional h.rmonic oscillator in commutative and noncommutative space with.n th. framework of minimal length.quantum mech.nics for spin-l^2 particles. Th. energy spectra and th. eigenfunction are ob... 详细信息

关键词： length NC Minimal Length.Quantum Mech.nics of Dirac Particles in Noncommutative Space GUP Planck

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Filtration ability of h.llow fiber membrane for production of magnesium ammonium ph.sph.te crystals by reaction crystallization

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Frontiers of Ch.mical Science and Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 55-59页

作者： h. Watamura h. Marukawa I. h.rasawa Applied Ch.mistry Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555 Japan

Relationsh.p between magnesium ammonium ph.sph.te （MAP） crystal properties and th. filtration ability of h.llow fiber membrane （h.M） were investigated. Ph.sph.rus recovery process by crystallization h.s a problem th.t it produces a large amount of fine crystals. So improvement of th. crystallization process by combining with.filtration was discussed. MAP crystals were obtained by batch.reaction crystallization and th. filtration ch.racteristics were investigated. Th. filtration was evaluated by th. specific filtration resistance （ac） on h.M. Filtered slurry was prepared with.each.suspension density and crystal size distribution. Th. solution was filtered at constant pressure of 0.02 MPa and th. filtration time on each.filtrated volume was recorded. As a result, αc decreases exponentially with.suspension density increasing from 0.25 g/L to 0.5 g/L and αc decreases moderately with.suspension density increasing from 0.5 g/L to 1.5 g/L. ac of large crystals decreases exponentially at less suspension density th.n αc of small crystals does. Also, αc increases as th. ratio of th. fractured crystals increases.

关键词： membrane separation crystallization MAP

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Anomalously Strong Scattering of Spontaneously Produced Laser Radiation in th. First Free-Electron Laser and Study of Free-Electron Two-Quantum Stark Lasing in an Electric Wiggler with.Quantum-Wiggler Electrodynamics

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Ch.nese Ph.sics Letters 2006年第6期23卷 1422-1425页

作者： S. h. Kim Department of Ph.sics University of Texas at Arlington PO Box 19059 Arlington Texas 76019 USA

We calculate th. scattering cross section of an electron with.respect to th. spontaneously produced laser radiation in th. first free-electron laser （FEL） with.quantum-wiggler electrodynamics （QWD）. Th. cross section is 1016 times th. Th.mson cross section, confirming th. result obtained by a previous analysis of th. experimental data. A QWD calculation sh.w th.t spontaneous emission in an FEL using only an electric wiggler can be very strong wh.le amplification th.ough.net stimulated emission is practically negligible.

关键词： CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS Th.RMODYNAMICS EXPLANATION EMISSION

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Electric-Wiggler-Enh.nced Th.ee-Quantum Scattering and th. Output Power Affected by th.s Scattering in a Free-Electron Laser

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Ch.nese Ph.sics Letters 2009年第1期26卷 58-61页

作者： S. h. Kim 6300 Roundrock Trail #4203 Piano Texas 75023 USA

We derive th. cross section of scattering th.ough.th. th.ee-quantum interaction of an electron with.th. incident laser field, th. emitted ph.ton, and an axial electrostatic field produced by th. magnetic wiggler in th. magnetic wiggler acting as th. sole zeroth.order perturbing classical field in th. first free-electron laser （FEL）. In th. derivation, we apply quantum-wiggler electrodynamics （QWD）. We find th.t th.s scattering predominates th. usual two-quantum scattering. Th. output power of spontaneous free-electron two-quantum Stark emission driven by th. above electrostatic field attenuated by th. th.ee-quantum scattering agrees with.n a factor of 10 with.th. measured power in th. case of th. first FEL.

关键词： field emission molybdenum dioxide enh.ncement factor

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