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Technical issues and new devices of ESD of early gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第31期17卷 3585-3590页

作者： Wan Sik Lee Jin Woong Cho Young Dae kim Kyu Jong kim byung ik Jang Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineChonnam University Medical School Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicinePresbyterian Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineSchool of MedicineChosun University Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineKosin University College of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineYeungnam University College of Medicine

Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) is a highly refined technique compared to conventional endoscopic mucosal resection.It enables complete resection of early gastric cancer(EGC) which has no possibility of lymph node metastasis.Indication for ESD of EGC generally entails early gastric cancer confined to the mucosa with well differentiated histology,though there are clinically suitable expanded criteria.As ESD requires specific skill and expertise,endoscopists need to be familiarized with basic methods and the use of special devices.The essence of the technique is to dissect the submucosal layer with direct vision and maintain thecutting plane above the underlying proper muscle layer.Although there are some differences in the detailed technical aspect,the cardinal method of ESD is now well established and standardized.Furthermore,research and development of new ESD devices that render more efficient,safe ESD are still in progress to improve the overall result of ESD on early gastric cancer.

关键词：公共服务电子化新设备胃癌早期技术 ESD 扩展标准

Clinical significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes for gastric cancer in the era of immunology

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第7期9卷 293-299页

作者： byung Woog Kang Jong Gwang kim In Hee Lee Han ik Bae An Na Seo Department of Hematology/Oncology Kyungpook National University Hospital Kyungpook National University School of Medicine Department of Pathology Kyungpook National University Hospital Kyungpook National University School of Medicine

Immunotherapy has begun to revolutionize cancer treatment, by introducing therapies that target the host immune system instead of the tumor, therapies that possess unique adverse event profiles, and therapies that may cure certain types of cancer. The immune microenvironment of tumors is emerging as the most important means of understanding the relationship between a patient' immune system and their cancer, informing prognosis, and guiding immunotherapy, such as an antibody blockade of immune checkpoints. For some solid tumors, simple quantitation of lymphocyte infiltration would seem to have prognostic significance, suggesting that lymphocyte infiltration is not passive but may actively promote or inhibit tumor growth. For gastric cancers, several studies have provided strong evidence that immune cells contribute to determining prognosis. However, the exact role of immune cells in gastric cancer remains unclear. Therefore, this review focuses on the clinical significance of immune cells, especially tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, in gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes Immunotherapy

Efficacy of 0.5-L vs 1-L polyethylene glycol containing ascorbic acid as additional colon cleansing methods for inadequate bowel preparation as expected by last stool examination before colonoscopy

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第1期7卷 39-48页

作者： Joon Hyun Cho Eun Joo Goo Kyeong Ok kim Si Hyung Lee byung ik Jang Tae Nyeun kim Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine Yeungnam University College of Medicine

BACKGROUND No consensus has been reached in patients suspected of having inadequate bowel preparation regarding optimal salvage methods, which negatively affects the efficacy and quality of colonoscopy. The most ideal and reasonable rescue option involves early suspicion and identification of patients with inadequate preparation before sedation, additional oral ingestion of a suitable preparation formulation, and same-day colonoscopy.AIM To compare 0.5-L and 1-L polyethylene glycol containing ascorbic acid(PEG +Asc) as additional bowel cleansing methods after a 2-L split-dose PEG + Asc regimen in patients with expected inadequate bowel preparation before colonoscopy.METHODS Individuals with expected inadequate bowel preparation based on last stool form, such as turbid liquid, particulate liquid, or liquid with small amounts of feces, were randomized to either a 0.5-L PEG + Asc group or a 1-L PEG + Asc group. The primary endpoint was bowel preparation as assessed using the Aronchick bowel preparation scale(ABPS) and Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS) scores. The secondary endpoints were cecal intubation time, withdrawal time, polyp detection rate(PDR), adenoma detection rate(ADR), individual compliance with additional PEG + Asc, and patient satisfaction.RESULTS Initially, 98 patients were included, but 8 were later excluded due to withdrawal of consent to participate in the study. Adequate bowel preparation(as assessed by ABPS) was observed in 80.9%(38/47) of subjects in the 0.5-L group and in88.4%(38/43) of subjects in the 1-L group(P = 0.617). Mean total BBPS was 6.7 points in the 0.5-L group and 7.0 points in the 1-L group(P = 0.458). ADRs and PDRs were similar in the two groups, and cecal intubation and withdrawal times were not significantly different. However, mean patient satisfaction score was significantly higher in the 0.5-L group(P = 0.041).CONCLUSION The bowel cleaning efficacy of additional 0.5-L PEG + Asc was not inferior to that of 1-L PEG + Asc. Additional 0.5-L PEG + Asc is worthwhile when inade

关键词： Inadequate bowel preparation Additional colon cleansing Colonoscopy Polyethylene glycol

Macular hole closure induced by intravitreal injection in diabetic macular edema

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第10期15卷 1720-1722页

作者： Sang Yoon kim Han Jo Kwon Sung Who Park ik Soo Byon Seung Min Lee Department of Ophthalmology Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and TechnologyPusan National University Yangsan HospitalYangsan 50612Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241Republic of Korea Pusan National University School of Medicine Yangsan 50612Republic of Korea

Dear Editor,Macular hole(MH)formation is uncommon in patients with diabetic macular edema(DME).Few cases of MH associated with DME treatment have been described,including a report of four out of eight eyes with MH and diabetic retinopathy(DR)having DME[1].However,no case of resolution of MH after DME treatment has been reported.We report three consecutive cases of MH closure achieved by intravitreal injection for DME treatment.

关键词： injection diabetic edema

Mechanically resilient,alumina-reinforced carbon nanotube arrays for in-plane shock absorption in micromechanical devices

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微系统与纳米工程(英文) 2023年第3期9卷 73-81页

作者： Eunhwan Jo Hojoon Lee Jae-ik Lee Jongbaeg kim School of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School25 Shattuck StBostonMA 02115USA

Microelectromechanical systems(MEMS)are of considerable interest due to their compact size and low power consumption when used in modern electronics.MEMS devices intrinsically incorporate three-dimensional(3D)microstructures for their intended operations;however,these microstructures are easily broken by mechanical shocks accompanying high-magnitude transient acceleration,inducing device malfunction.Although various structural designs and materials have been proposed to overcome this limit,developing a shock absorber for easy integration into existing MEMS structures that effectively dissipates impact energy remains challenging.Here,a vertically aligned 3D nanocomposite based on ceramic-reinforced carbon nanotube(CNT)arrays is presented for in-plane shock-absorbing and energy dissipation around MEMS devices.This geometrically aligned composite consists of regionally-selective integrated CNT arrays and a subsequent atomically thick alumina layer coating,which serve as structural and reinforcing materials,respectively.The nanocomposite is integrated with the microstructure through a batch-fabrication process and remarkably improves the in-plane shock reliability of a designed movable structure over a wide acceleration range(0-12,000g).In addition,the enhanced shock reliability through the nanocomposite was experimentally verified through comparison with various control devices.

关键词： shock plane arrays

Defect engineering of ternary Cu-In-Se quantum dots for boosting photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation

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Carbon Energy 2023年第12期5卷 215-228页

作者： Shi Li Sung-Mok Jung Wookjin Chung Joo-Won Seo Hwapyong kim Soo ik Park Hyo Cheol Lee Ji Su Han Seung Beom Ha In Young kim Su-Il In Jae-Yup kim Jiwoong Yang Department of Energy Science and Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Dankook UniversityYonginRepublic of Korea Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience College of Natural ScienceEwha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Energy Science and Engineering Research Center Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea

Heavy-metal-free ternary Cu–In–Se quantum dots(CISe QDs)are promising for solar fuel production because of their low toxicity,tunable band gap,and high light absorption coefficient.Although defects significantly affect the photophysical properties of QDs,the influence on photoelectrochemical hydrogen production is not well understood.Herein,we present the defect engineering of CISe QDs for efficient solar-energy conversion.Lewis acid–base reactions between metal halide–oleylamine complexes and oleylammonium selenocarbamate are modulated to achieve CISe QDs with the controlled amount of Cu vacancies without changing their morphology.Among them,CISe QDs with In/Cu=1.55 show the most outstanding photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation with excellent photocurrent density of up to 10.7 mA cm-2(at 0.6 VRHE),attributed to the suitable electronic band structures and enhanced carrier concentrations/lifetimes of the QDs.The proposed method,which can effectively control the defects in heavy-metal-free ternary QDs,offers a deeper understanding of the effects of the defects and provides a practical approach to enhance photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation.

关键词： copper-indium-selenide defect engineering photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation quantum dots solar hydrogen

Association between Helicobacter pylori status and metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic resection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第44期22卷 9794-9802页

作者： Sung Bum kim Si Hyung Lee Seung Il Bae Yo Han Jeong Se Hoon Sohn Kyeong Ok kim byung ik Jang Tae Nyeun kim Department of Internal Medicine Yeungnam University College of Medicine

AIM To investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) status test and H. pylori eradication on the occurrence of metachronous gastric cancer(MGC) after endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) of early gastric cancer(EGC) and risk factors of MGC. METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 433 patients(441 lesions) who underwent ESD for EGC from January 2005 to January 2015 in Yeungnam University Hospital. Patients were categorized into two groups; the H. pylori tested group(n = 257) and the H. pylori non-tested group(n = 176) based on performance of H. pylori status test after ESD of EGC. The H. pylori tested group was further categorized into three subgroups based on H. pylori status; the H. pylori-eradicated subgroup(n = 120), the H. pylori-persistent subgroup(n = 42), and the H. pylori-negative subgroup(n = 95). Incidences of MGC and risk factors of MGC were identified.RESULTS Median follow-up duration after ESD was 30.00 mo(range, 6-107 mo). Total 15 patients developed MGC during follow-up. MGC developed in 11 patients of the H. pylori tested group(7 in the H. pylori-negative subgroup, 3 in the H. pylori-eradicated subgroup, and 1 in the H. pylori-persistent subgroup) and 4 patients of the H. pylori non-tested group(P > 0.05). The risk factors of MGC were endoscopic mucosal atrophy in the H. pylori tested group and intestinal metaplasia in all patients. CONCLUSION H. pylori eradication and H. pylori status test seems to have no preventive effect on the development of MGC after ESD for EGC. The risk factors of MGC development were endoscopic mucosal atrophy in the H. pylori tested group alone and intestinal metaplasia in all patients.

关键词： Metachronous gastric cancer Endoscopic submucosal dissection Helicobacter pylori

Tumor response assessment by the single-lesion measurement per organ in small cell lung cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2016年第2期28卷 161-167页

作者： Soong Goo Jung Jung Han kim Hyeong Su kim Kyoung Ju kim ik Yang Department of Internal Medicine Kangnam Sacred-Heart HospitalHallym University Medical CenterHallym University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Radiation Oncology Kangnam Sacred-Heart HospitalHallym University Medical CenterHallym University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Radiology Kangnam Sacred-Heart HospitalHallym University Medical CenterHallym University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea

Background： The criterion of two target lesions per organ in the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors （RECIST） version I. 1 is an arbitrary one, being supported by no objective evidence. The optimal number of target lesions per organ still needs to be investigated. We compared tumor responses using the RECIST 1.1 （measuring two target lesions per organ） and modified RECIST I. 1 （measuring the single largest lesion in each organ） in patients with small cell lung cancer （SCLC）. Methods： We reviewed medical records of patients with SCLC who received first-line treatment between January 2004 and December 2014 and compared tumor responses according to the two criteria using computed tomography. Results： There were a total of 34 patients who had at least two target lesions in any organ according to the RECIST 1.1 during the study period. The differences in the percentage changes of the sum of tumor measurements between RECIST 1.1 and modified RECIST 1.1 were all within 13%. Seven patients showed complete response and fourteen showed partial response according to the RECIST I.I. The overall response rate was 61.8%. When assessing with the modified RECIST 1.1 instead of the RECIST 1.1, tumor responses showed perfect concordance between the two criteria （k= 1.0）. Conclusions： The modified RECIST 1.I showed perfect agreement with the original RECIST 1.I in the assessment of tumor response of SCLC. Our result suggests that it may be enough to measure the single largest target lesion per organ for evaluating tumor response.

关键词： Target lesion Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 （RECIST 1.1） modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors tumor response I.I （modified RECIST 1.1） small cell lung cancer （SCLC）

Energy Estimate for the Type-Ⅱ Superconducting Film

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2008年第1期24卷 75-86页

作者： Kwang ik kim Zu Han LIU Department of Mathematics Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea Department of Mathematics Xuzhou Normal University Xuzhou 221116 P. R. China

We study the minimizers of the Ginzburg-Landau model for variable thickness, superconducting, thin films with high k, placed in an applied magnetic field hex, when hex is of the order of the ＂first critical field＂, i.e. of the order of ｜lnε｜. We obtain the asymptotic estimates of minimal energy and describe the possible locations of the vortices.

关键词： superconductivity Ginzburg-Landau functional free boundary problem