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5-Fluorouracil dose escalation generated desensitized colorectal cancer cells with reduced expression of protein methyltransferases and no epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition potential

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Oncology Research 2024年第6期32卷 1047-1061页

作者： KIMBERLY FENECH ISAAC MICALLEF byron BARON Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking University of MaltaMsidaMSD 2080Malta Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology Graduate School of Medical SciencesFaculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamoto860-8556Japan

Background:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers.In many cases,the poor prognosis of advanced CRC is associated with resistance to treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs such as 5-Fluorouracil(5-FU).The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and dysregulation in protein methylation are two mechanisms associated with chemoresistance in many cancers.This study looked into the effect of 5-FU dose escalation on EMT and protein methylation in CRC.Materials and Methods:HCT-116,Caco-2,and DLD-1 CRC cell lines were exposed to dose escalation treatment of 5-FU.The motility and invasive potentials of the cells before and after treatment with 5-FU were investigated through wound healing and invasion assays.This was followed by aWestern blot which analyzed the protein expressions of the epithelial marker E-cadherin,mesenchymal marker vimentin,and the EMT transcription factor(EMTTF),the snail family transcriptional repressor 1(Snail)in the parental and desensitized cells.Western blotting was also conducted to study the protein expressions of the protein methyltransferases(PMTs),Euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 2(EHMT2/G9A),protein arginine methyltransferase(PRMT5),and SET domain containing 7/9(SETD7/9)along with the global lysine and arginine methylation profiles.Results:The dose escalation method generated 5-FU desensitized CRC cells with distinct morphological features and increased tolerance to high doses of 5-FU.The 5-FU desensitized cells experienced a decrease in migration and invasion when compared to the parental cells.This was reflected in the observed reduction in E-cadherin,vimentin,and Snail in the desensitized cell lines.Additionally,the protein expressions of EHMT2/G9A,PRMT5,and SETD7/9 also decreased in the desensitized cells and global protein lysine and arginine methylation became dysregulated with 5-FU treatment.Conclusion:This study showed that continuous,dose-escalation treatment of 5-FU in CRC cells generated 5-FU desensitized cancer cells that seemed to be les

关键词： Chemoresistance Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition Protein methylation Protein methyltransferases

Prediction of Low-Energy Building Energy Consumption Based on Genetic BP Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 5481-5497页

作者： Yanhua Lu Xuehui Gong Andrew byron Kipnis School of Urban Construction Yangtze UniversityJingzhou434023China Beijing Sifang Automation Co. Ltd.Beijing100085China Australian National University Canberra2600-2601Australia

Combined with the energy consumption data of individual buildings in the logistics group of Yangtze University,the analysis model scheme of energy consumption of individual buildings in the university is studied by using Back Propagation(BP)neural network to solve nonlinear problems and have the ability of global approximation and generalization.By analyzing the influence of different uses,different building surfaces and different energysaving schemes on the change of building energy consumption,the grey correlation method is used to determine the main influencing factors affecting each building energy consumption,including uses,building surfaces and energy-saving schemes,which are used as the input of the model and the building energy consumption as the output of the model,so as to establish the building energy consumption analysis model based on BP neural network.However,in practical application,BP neural network has the defects of slow convergence and easy to fall into local minima.In view of this,this paper uses genetic algorithm to optimize the weight and threshold of BP neural network,completes the improvement of various building energy consumption analysis models,and realizes the qualitative analysis of building energy consumption.The model verification results show that the viscosity of the building energy consumption analysis model based on genetic algorithm improved BP neural network algorithm(GABP)in this paper is relatively high,which is more accurate than the results of the traditional BP neural network model,and the relative error of the analysis model is reduced from 11.56%to 8.13%,which proves that the GABP can be better suitable for the study of school building energy consumption analysis model,It is applied to the prediction of building energy consumption,which lays a foundation for the realization of carbon neutralization in the South expansion plan of Yangtze University.

关键词： Energy consumption analysis model BP neural network genetic algorithm

Baptism by fire: the pivotal role of ancient conflagrations in evolution of the Earth's flora

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National Science Review 2018年第2期5卷 237-254页

作者： Tianhua He byron B.Lamont Department of Environment and Agriculture Curtin University

Fire became a defining feature of the Earth’s processes as soon as land plants evolved 420 million years ago and has played a major role in shaping the composition and physiognomy of many ecosystems ever since.However, there remains a general lack of appreciation of the place of fire in the origin, evolution, ecology and conservation of the Earth’s biodiversity. We review the literature on the presence of fire throughout the Earth’s history following the evolution of land plants and examine the evidence for the origin and evolution of adaptive functional traits, biomes and major plant groups in relation to fire. We show that:(1) fire activities have fluctuated throughout geological time due to variations in climate, and more importantly in atmospheric oxygen, as these affected fuel levels and flammability;(2) fire promoted the early evolution and spread of major terrestrial plant groups;(3) fire has shaped the floristics, structure and function of major global biomes; and(4) fire has initiated and maintained the evolution of a wide array of fire-adapted functional traits since the evolution of land plants. We conclude that fire has been a fundamental agent of natural selection on terrestrial plants throughout the history of life on the Earth’s land surface. We suggest that a paradigm shift is required to reassess ecological and evolutionary theories that exclude a role for fire,and also there is a need to review fire-suppression policies on ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation in global fire-prone regions.

关键词： angiosperms ecosystems fossil charcoal palaeo-atmospheric oxygen terrestrial floras wildfire

Management of geriatric acetabular fractures:Contemporary treatment strategies

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第13期12卷 2151-2156页

作者： Theodoros Tosounidis byron Chalidis Academic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Heraklion University HospitalUniversity of CreteGreeceHeraklion 71500Greece 1^(st)Department of Orthopaedic School of MedicineFaculty of Health SciencesAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 57010Greece

Acetabular fractures in the geriatric population are typically low-energy fractures resulting from a fall from standing height.Compromised bone quality in the elderly,as well as this population’s concomitant medical comorbidities,render the management of such fractures challenging and controversial.Non-operative management remains the mainstay of treatment,although such a choice is associated with numerous and serious complications related to both the hip joint as well as the general condition of the patient.On the other hand,operatively treating acetabular fractures(e.g.,with osteosynthesis or total hip arthroplasty)is gaining popularity.Osteosynthesis can be performed with open reduction and internal fixation or with minimally invasive techniques.Total hip arthroplasty could be performed either in the acute phase combined with osteosynthesis or as a delayed procedure after a period of non-operative management or after failed osteosynthesis of the acetabulum.Regardless of the implemented treatment,orthogeriatric co-management is considered extremely crucial,and it is currently one of the pillars of a successful outcome after an acetabular fracture.

关键词： Acetabular fractures Geriatric fractures Fracture fixation Total hip arthroplasty Mortality Morbidity

Prevention of post-operative recurrence of Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第5期20卷 1147-1154页

作者： byron Philip Vaughn Alan Colm Moss Division of Gastroenter-ology Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBoston MA 02115 United States

Endoscopic and clinical recurrence of Crohn’s disease(CD)is a common occurrence after surgical resection.Smokers,those with perforating disease,and those with myenteric plexitis are all at higher risk of recurrence.A number of medical therapies have been shown to reduce this risk in clinical trials.Metronidazole,thiopurines and anti-tumour necrosis factors(TNFs)are all effective in reducing the risk of endoscopic or clinical recurrence of CD.Since these are preventative agents,the benefits of prophylaxis need to be weighed-against the risk of adverse events from,and costs of,therapy.Patients who are high risk for post-operative recurrence should be considered for early medical prophylaxis with an anti-TNF.Patients who have few to no risk factors are likely best served by a three-month course of antibiotics followed by tailored therapy based on endoscopy at one year.Clinical recurrence rates are variable,and methods to stratify patients into high and low risk populations combined with prophylaxis tailored to endoscopic recurrence would be an effective strategy in treating these patients.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s dis-ease Postop

Mandatory CSR disclosure and analyst forecast properties:Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

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China Journal of Accounting Research 2023年第2期16卷 23-46页

作者： Haina Shi byron Y.Song Huifeng Xu Xiaodong Xu School of Management Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina School of Business Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina School of Accounting Guangdong University of Finance and EconomicsGuangzhouChina Antai College of Economics and Management Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina

Based on a quasi-natural experiment that mandates a subset of listed firms to issue standalone corporate social responsibility(CSR)reports,we examine whether mandatory CSR disclosure improves analysts’information environment.We focus on two properties of analysts’earnings forecasts:forecast error and forecast dispersion.We find that the mandatory issuance of standalone CSR reports is related to less forecast error and less dispersed forecasts,and the effect varies with the firm-level information environment and provincelevel marketization.Additional tests show that the improvement in forecast properties is mainly driven by CSR reports that i)are of high quality and ii)contain more long-term-oriented information than other CSR reports.Our findings provide evidence that mandatory CSR disclosure plays an important informational role for financial analysts.

关键词： Mandatory disclosure Analyst forecast Corporate social responsibility

Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery: Progress in humans since white paper

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第13期17卷 1655-1665页

作者： byron F Santos Eric S Hungness Department of Surgery Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 United States

Since the first description of the concept of natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES), a substantial number of clinical NOTES reports have appeared in the literature. This editorial reviews the available human data addressing research questions originally proposed by the white paper, including determining the optimal method of access for NOTES, developing safe methods of lumenal closure, suturing and anastomotic devices, advanced multitasking platforms, addressing the risk of infection, managing complications, addressing challenges with visualization, and training for NOTES procedures. An analysis of the literature reveals that so far transvaginal access and closure appear to be the most feasible techniques for NOTES, with a limited, but growing transgastric, transrectal, and transesophageal NOTES experience in humans. The theoretically increased risk of infection as a result of NOTES procedures has not been substantiated in transvaginal and transgastric procedures so far. Development of suturing and anastomotic devices and advanced platforms for NOTES has progressed slowly, with limited clinical data on their use so far. Data onthe optimal management and incidence of intraoperative complications remain sparse, although possible factors contributing to complications are discussed. Finally, this editorial discusses the likely direction of future NOTES development and its possible role in clinical practice.

关键词：白皮书内窥镜人类手术孔口自然 Notes 多任务平台

新冠疫情期间养成的习惯转变2021年消费趋势

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英语文摘 2021年第5期 22-25页

作者： Ellen byron 熊文苑

据市场研究机构欧睿国际预测,消费者在新冠疫情期间养成的许多新习惯将保留下来。欧睿国际在其年度趋势报告中预测,2021年,消费者在应对变化时会变得挑剔、焦虑、富于创造力。人们会希望自己使用的品牌更加活跃,日常生活中数字服务有新...

据市场研究机构欧睿国际预测,消费者在新冠疫情期间养成的许多新习惯将保留下来。欧睿国际在其年度趋势报告中预测,2021年,消费者在应对变化时会变得挑剔、焦虑、富于创造力。人们会希望自己使用的品牌更加活跃,日常生活中数字服务有新的选择,在心理和身体健康方面获得更多帮助。欧睿国际生活方式研究部门主管艾莉森·安格斯说,尽管今年的一些趋势与新冠肺炎疫情直接相关——例如安全担忧加剧、对户外空间需求增加——但在疫情消散后,这些转变还会继续存在。她说:"这些变化发生得十分迅速,并将长期存在。"

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Graft choices for anterolateral ligament knee reconstruction surgery: Current concepts

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第24期10卷 8463-8473页

作者： byron Chalidis Charalampos Pitsilos Dimitrios Kitridis Panagiotis Givissis 1^(st)Orthopaedic Department Aristotle University of ThessalonikiSchool of MedicineThessaloniki 57010Greece 2^(nd)Orthopaedic Department Aristotle University of ThessalonikiSchool of MedicineThessaloniki 54635Greece

The anterolateral ligament(ALL)is a primary structure of the anterolateral complex of the knee that contributes to internal rotational stability of the joint.Injury of the ALL is commonly associated with rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament.If left untreated,ALL lesions may lead to residual anterolateral rotational instability of the knee after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction,which is a common cause of anterior cruciate ligament graft failure.The function of the ALL can be restored by lateral extraarticular tenodesis or anterolateral ligament reconstruction(ALLR).In the lateral extraarticular tenodesis procedure,a strip of the iliotibial band is placed in a non-anatomical position to restrain the internal rotation of the tibia,while in ALLR,a free graft is fixed at the insertion points of the native ALL.Gracilis and semitendinosus grafts have mainly been utilized for ALLR,but other autografts have also been suggested.Furthermore,allografts and synthetic grafts have been applied to minimize donor-site morbidity and maximize the size and strength of the graft.Nevertheless,there has been no strong evidence to fully support one method over another thus far.The present review presents a detailed description of the graft choices for ALLR and the current literature available in regard to the effectiveness and outcomes of published surgical techniques.

关键词： Anterolateral ligament Reconstruction Lateral extraarticular tenodesis Anterior cruciate ligament Hamstrings Gracilis Semitendinosus