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Micro-accelerometer Based on Vertically Movable Gate Field Effect Transistor

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Nano-Micro Letters 2015年第3期7卷 282-290页

作者： Heung Seok Kang Kang-hee Lee Dong-youk Yang byoung hee you In-Hyouk Song Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute LOGTECH Co. Ltd 914 Gumgang Hightech Valley 1st Department of Engineering Technology Texas State University601 University Dr. San Marcos TX 78666 USA

A vertically movable gate field effect transistor(VMGFET) is proposed and demonstrated for a microaccelerometer application. The VMGFET using air gap as an insulator layer allows the gate to move on the substrate vertically by external forces. Finite element analysis is used to simulate mechanical behaviors of the designed structure. For the simulation, the ground acceleration spectrum of the 1952 Kern County Earthquake is employed to investigate the structural integrity of the sensor in vibration. Based on the simulation, a prototype VMGFET accelerometer is fabricated from silicon on insulator wafer. According to current–voltage characteristics of the prototype VMGFET, the threshold voltage is measured to be 2.32 V, which determines the effective charge density and the mutual transconductance of1.545910-8C cm-2and 6.59 m A V-1, respectively. The device sensitivity is 9.36–9.42 m V g-1in the low frequency,and the first natural frequency is found to be 1230 Hz. The profile smoothness of the sensed signal is in 3 d B range up to1 k Hz.

关键词： MEMS Micro-accelerometer Suspended gate FET Vertically movable gate FET VMGFET

Leakage pressures for gasketless superhydrophobic fluid interconnects for modular lab-on-a-chip systems

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第5期7卷 213-226页

作者： Christopher R.Brown Xiaoxiao Zhao Taehyun Park Pin-Chuan Chen byoung hee you Daniel S.Park Steven A.Soper Alison Baird Michael C.Murphy Center for Bio-Modular Multi-Scale Systems Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of Mechanical&Industrial Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3GBCanada School of Mechanical Engineering Kyungnam UniversityChangwonSouth Korea Department of Engineering Technology Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA Department of Chemistry The University of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA SUNY Downstate Stroke Center University Hospital of BrooklynBrooklynNY 11203USA

Chip-to-chip and world-to-chip fluidic interconnections are paramount to enable the passage of liquids between component chips and to/from microfluidic ***,most interconnect designs add additional physical constraints to chips with each additional interconnect leading to over-constrained microfluidic *** competing constraints provided by multiple interconnects induce strain in the chips,creating indeterminate dead volumes and misalignment between chips that comprise the microfluidic system.A novel,gasketless superhydrophobic fluidic interconnect(GSFI)that uses capillary forces to form a liquid bridge suspended between concentric through-holes and acting as a fluid passage was *** GSFI decouples the alignment between component chips from the interconnect function and the attachment of the meniscus of the liquid bridge to the edges of the holes produces negligible dead *** passive seal was created by patterning parallel superhydrophobic surfaces(water contact angle>150°)around concentric microfluidic ports separated by a *** relative position of the two polymer chips was determined by passive kinematic constraints,three spherical ball bearings seated in v-grooves.A leakage pressure model derived from the young-Laplace equation was used to estimate the leakage pressure at failure for the liquid ***-molded,Cyclic Olefin Copolymer(COC)chip assemblies with assembly gaps from 3 to 240μm were used to experimentally validate the *** maximum leakage pressure measured for the GSFI was 21.4 kPa(3.1 psig),which corresponded to a measured mean assembly gap of 3μm,and decreased to 0.5 kPa(0.073 psig)at a mean assembly gap of 240μ*** effect of radial misalignment on the efficacy of the gasketless seals was tested and no significant effect was *** may be a function of how the liquid bridges are formed during the priming of the chip,but additional research is required to test that hypothesis.

关键词： passive interconnection fluid

Constructing an Automation Table for an Image-Based Arabidopsis Resistance Assay

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Engineering 2020年第5期6卷 495-499页

作者： Goldi Makhija Dinesh SPujara In-Hyouk Song byoung hee you Hong-Gu Kang Department of Engineering Technology Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA Department of Biology Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA Caresoft Global Inc. Burr RidgeIL 60527USA

*** Crop improvement is becoming critical for food security due to a continuously changing climate and increasing population[1].The management of plant diseases is one of the most important factors in food *** example,wheat,a major crop plant,has been historically subject to periodic total *** a recent instance,when a new strain of wheat stem rust spread from East Africa to the Middle East,the price of wheat spiked significantly,threatening livelihoods in developing countries[2].This example highlights the importance of learning how plants fend off potential pathogens and pests,in order to secure food resources.

关键词： Automation wheat instance

Aligned Ion Conduction Pathway of Polyrotaxane‑Based Electrolyte with Dispersed Hydrophobic Chains for Solid‑State Lithium–Oxygen Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 169-186页

作者： Bitgaram Kim Myeong‑Chang Sung Gwang‑hee Lee byoungjoon Hwang Sojung Seo Ji‑Hun Seo Dong‑Wan Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University145 Anam‑RoSeongbuk‑GuSeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringKorea University145 Anam‑RoSeongbuk‑GuSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Center Institute for Advanced Engineering(IAE)Yongin 17180Republic of Korea

A critical challenge hindering the practical application of lithium–oxygen batteries(LOBs)is the inevitable problems associated with liquid electrolytes,such as evaporation and safety *** study addresses these problems by proposing a modified polyrotaxane(mPR)-based solid polymer electrolyte(SPE)design that simultaneously mitigates solvent-related problems and improves ***-SPE exhibits high ion conductivity(2.8×10^(−3)S cm^(−1)at 25℃)through aligned ion conduction pathways and provides electrode protection ability through hydrophobic chain *** this mPR-SPE into solid-state LOBs resulted in stable potentials over 300 *** situ Raman spectroscopy reveals the presence of an LiO_(2)intermediate alongside Li_(2)O_(2)during oxygen *** situ X-ray diffraction confirm the ability of the SPE to hinder the permeation of oxygen and moisture,as demonstrated by the air permeability *** present study suggests that maintaining a low residual solvent while achieving high ionic conductivity is crucial for restricting the sub-reactions of solid-state LOBs.

关键词： Solid polymer electrolyte Lithium-oxygen batteries Polyrotaxane ion conductivity Hydrophobic chain

Optimization of an Artificial Intelligence Database and Camera Installation for Recognition of Risky Passenger Behavior in Railway Vehicles

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1277-1293页

作者： Min-kyeong Kim Yeong Geol Lee Won-hee Park Su-hwan Yun Tae-Soon Kwon Duckhee Lee Railroad Test&Certification Division Korea Railroad Research Institute(KRRI)Cheoldo BangmulgwanroUiwang-si16105Republic of Korea Railroad Safety Division Korea Railroad Research Institute(KRRI)Cheoldo BangmulgwanroUiwang-si16105Republic of Korea

Urban railways are vital means of public transportation in *** than 30%of metropolitan residents use the railways,and this proportion is expected to *** enhance safety,the government has mandated the installation of closed-circuit televisions in all carriages by ***,cameras still monitored *** address this limitation,we developed a dataset of risk factors and a smart detection system that enables an immediate response to any abnormal behavior and intensive monitoring *** created an innovative learning dataset that takes into account seven unique risk factors specific to Korean railway *** data collection was conducted across the Shinbundang Line of the Incheon Transportation Corporation,and the Ui-Shinseol *** observed several behavioral characteristics and assigned unique annotations to *** also considered carriage *** performance was evaluated by camera placement and *** the camera installation plan was *** dataset will find immediate applications in domestic railway *** artificial intelligence algorithms will be verified shortly.

关键词： AI railway vehicle risk factor smart detection AI training data

Real-world comparison of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants and warfarin in Asian octogenarian patients with atrial fibrillation

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第7期13卷 566-572页

作者： Chang hee Kwon Minsu Kim Gi-byoung Nam Kee-Joon Choi you-Ho Kim Division of Cardiology Konkuk University Medical Center Konkuk University School of Medicine Seoul South Korea Division of Cardiology Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul South Korea

Background The efficacy and safety of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants （NOACs） and warfarin in Asian octogenarian atrial fibrillation （AF） patients have not been established in a real-world setting. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NOACs and warfarin in Korean octogenarian patients. Methods A total of 293 consecutive patients aged 〉 80 years with non-valvular AF who had taken either NOACs 048 cases, 50.5%） or warfarin （145 cases, 49.5%） were retrospectively reviewed. The efficacy outcome was the com- posite of stroke or systemic embolism. The safety outcome was major bleeding. Results The follow-up duration was 375 patient-years （ 172 patient-years with NOACs and 203 patient-years with warfarin）. Patients on NOACs were slightly older （P = 0.006） and had slightly higher HAS-BLED scores （P = 0.034）. The efficacy of both anticoagulants was high （1.16% for NOACs vs. 2.98% for warfarin per 100 pa- tient-years, P = 0.46）. The safety outcome was relatively high in both NOACs and warfarin groups （8.96% vs. 12.46%, P = 0.29）. The effi- cacy and safety outcomes tended to decrease non-significantly in low dose NOACs than in common dose NOACs or warfarin （0.85% vs. 1.84% vs. 2.98% in efficacy outcome, P = 0.69; and 6.97% vs. 13.29% vs. 12.46% in safety outcome, P = 0.34）. Conclusions NOACs were highly effective for prevention of stroke or systemic embolism in Asian octogenarian AF patients. However, major bleeding occurred excessively high in both anticoagulant groups. Further study is required on the optimal anticoagulant regimen in octogenarian population.

关键词： Anticoagulants Atrial fibrillation Efficacy Octogenarian Safety

Comprehensive molecular characterization to predict immunotherapy response in advanced biliary tract cancer:a phase II trial of pembrolizumab

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 57-65页

作者： RYUL KIM JOO KYUNG PARK MINSUK KWON MINAE AN JUNG YONG HONG JOON OH PARK SUNG hee LIM SEUNG TAE KIM Division of Hematology-Oncology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Hematology-Oncology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon-siGyeonggi-doKorea Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are effective in a subset of patients with metastatic solid ***,the patients who would benefit most from ICIs in biliary tract cancer(BTC)are still *** and methods:We molecularly characterized tissues and blood from 32 patients with metastatic BTC treated with the ICI pembrolizumab as second-line ***:All patients had microsatellite stable(MSS)type *** of the 32 patients achieved partial response(PR),with an objective response rate(ORR)of 9.4%(95%confidence interval[CI],2.0–25.2)and nine showed stable disease(SD),exhibiting a disease control rate(DCR)of 37.5%(95%CI,21.1–56.3).For the 31 patients who had access to PD-1 ligand 1(PD-L1)combined positive score(CPS)testing(cut-off value≥1%),the ORR was not different between those who had PD-L1-positive(PD-L1+;1/11,9.1%)and PDL1-(2/20,10.0%)tumors(p=1.000).The tumor mutational burden(TMB)of PD-L1+BTC was comparable to that of PD-L1-BTC(p=0.630).TMB and any exonic somatic mutations were also not predictive of pembrolizumab *** analysis of blood and tumor samples demonstrated a relatively high natural killer(NK)cell proportion in the peripheral blood before pembrolizumab treatment in patients who achieved tumor ***,the tumors of these patients presented high enrichment scores for NK cells,antitumor cytokines,and Th1 signatures,and a low enrichment score for cancer-associated ***:This study shows the molecular characteristics associated with the efficacy of pembrolizumab in BTC of the MSS type.

关键词： Pembrolizumab Whole-exome sequencing Whole-transcriptome sequencing Biliary tract cancer

TGF-β2 downregulates osteogenesis under inflammatory conditions in dental follicle stem cells

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International Journal of Oral Science 2018年第4期10卷 232-243页

作者： Soyoun Um Joo-hee Lee byoung-Moo Seo Biotooth Engineering Lab Dental Research InstituteDental Regenerative BiotechnologyDepartment of Dental ScienceSchool of DentistrySeoul National University Biotooth Engineering Lab Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Craniomaxillofacial Life ScienceDental Research InstituteSchool of DentistrySeoul ational University

Bone formation is important for the reconstruction of bone-related structures in areas that have been damaged by *** conditions such as those that occur in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, cystic fibrosis, and periodontitis have been shown to inhibit osteoblastic differentiation. This study focussed on dental follicle stem cells(DFSCs), which are found in developing tooth germ and participate in the reconstruction of alveolar bone and periodontal tissue in periodontal disease. After bacterial infection of inflamed dental tissue, the destruction of bone was observed. Currently, little is known about the relationship between the inflammatory environment and bone formation. Osteogenic differentiation of inflamed DFSCs resulted in decreased alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity and alizarin red S staining compared to normal DFSCs. Additionally, in vivo transplantation of inflamed and normal DFSCs demonstrated severe impairment of osteogenesis by inflamed DFSCs. Protein profile analysis via liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was performed to analyse the differences in protein expression in inflamed and normal tissue. Comparison of inflamed and normal DFSCs showed significant changes in the level of expression of transforming growth factor(TGF)-β2. Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.g.)-derived lipopolysaccharide(LPS) was used to create in vitro inflammatory conditions similar to periodontitis. The osteogenic differentiation of LPS-treated DFSCs was suppressed, and the cells displayed low levels of TGF-β1 and high levels of TGF-β2. DFSCs treated with TGF-β2 inhibitors showed significant increases in alizarin red S staining and ALP activity. TGF-β1 expression was also increased after inhibition of TGF-β2. By examining inflamed DFSCs and LPS-triggered DFSCs, these studies showed both clinically and experimentally that the increase in TGF-β2 levels that occurs under inflammatory conditions inhibits bone formation.

关键词： TGF downregulates osteogenesis under inflammatory conditions in dental follicle stem cells

Development of polyimide films reinforced with boron nitride and boron nitride nanosheets for transparent flexible device applications

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Nano Research 2018年第5期11卷 2366-2378页

作者： you Jin Min Kyeong-hee Kang Dae-Eun Kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei University 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea

The benefits of reinforcing polyimide （PI） films with boron nitride （BN） particles and boron nitride nanosheets （BNNSs） were assessed with the aim of enhancing their thermal, optical, and mechanical properties for flexible device applications. BNNSs were prepared from BN particles using a liquid-phase exfoliation method assisted by an ultrasonic probe-type sonicator and centrifugator. PI-based composite films blended with BNNSs and BN particles were fabricated at various concentrations via mechanical stirring and spin coating. The transparency of the PI/BNNS composite films remained almost the same as that of pure PI films up to 3 wt.% whereas the transparency of the PI/BN composite films decreased with increasing concentration of the BN fillers at 550 nm. The thermal stability improved significantly with increasing concentrations of both BN and BNNS relative to that of pure PI films. The temperature for 5% weight loss of the PI/BNNS composite film was higher than that of the PI/BN composite film at the same filler concentration. The composite films with 2 wt.% BN or BNNS showed the lowest wear rate, and the PI/BNNS composite films showed more stable frictional behavior compared to the PI/BN composite films. In addition, bending tests showed that the PI/BNNS composite films exhibited excellent flexibility compared to the PI/BN composite films. Overall, the results indicate that the BNNS can be effectively used as a filler that can enhance the thermal and mechanical properties of polymer materials for flexible device applications.

关键词： polyimide (PI) boron nitride (BN) transparency thermal properties flexibility tribology