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Fibrinogen’s potential role in connecting cerebrovascular abnormalities with glymphatic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 203-204页

作者： Vishal Singh Arnab Choudhury Hyung jin ahn Department of Pharmacology Physiology and NeurosciencesRutgers-New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA Brain Health Institute Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)stands out as the primary manifestation of age-related dementia,portraying a chronic neurodegenerative disorder distinguished by the accumulation of fibrillar amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated ***,from a clinical standpoint,AD presents itself as a complex condition with a spectrum of dysfunctions rather than a singular pathological *** often-overlooked aspect of the disease is the presence of extensive cerebrovascular abnormalities,given that the majority of AD patients experience altered cerebral blood flow,damaged vasculature,increased microinfarcts and *** models of AD further support this observation,showing cerebrovascular dysfunction such as impaired cerebral blood flow and altered cerebrovascular reactivity(Tataryn et al.,2021;Gareau et al.,2023).

关键词： cerebrovascular dysfunction Alzheimer

Transparent high-performance piezoceramics through pressureless sintering

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 561-567页

作者： Hye-Lim Yu Woo-Seok Kang Ju-Hyeon Lee Temesgen Tadeyos Zate Young-jin Lee Bo-Kun Koo Dong-jin Shin Min-Soo Kim Soon-Jong Jeong Young Ghyu ahn Wook Jo Department of Material Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Energy Conversion Research Center Korea Electrotechnology Research InstituteChangwon 51543Republic of Korea MLCC Development Team Component Biz.UnitSamsung Electro-Mechanics Co.Ltd.Suwon 16674Republic of Korea

Piezoelectricity offers an electromechanical coupling that is widely utilized in transducer *** has been a consistent demand for transparent piezoelectric materials for optoelectrical ***,despite the inherent tradeoff between the transparency and the piezoelectricity,numerous strategies have been explored to develop the transparent piezoelectric ***,the most transparent piezoelectric materials developed to date is either a single crystal or materials that achieve transparency via hot-press sintering,limiting its industrial ***,we introduce a novel piezoelectric material that ensures transparency through co-doping and pressureless sintering of polycrystalline *** this study,we employed a compositional optimization approach to enhance the synergistic effect between the transparency and the piezoelectric properties of 0.71Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)–0.29PbTiO_(3)(PMN–0.29PT)*** utilizing the tape casting process for mass production and large-area manufacturing,our Pb_(0.913)La_(0.0145)Sm_(0.0145)(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(0.71)Ti_(0.29)O_(3)(TP2.9)ceramics exhibited over 60%transparency and large piezoelectric coefficient(d33)of 1104 pC/*** material holds considerable promise for a wide range of industrial applications in both the optical and electronic domains.

关键词： piezoelectric ceramics transparency pressureless sintering co-doping tape casting

New insights into ATR inhibition in muscle invasive bladder cancer:The role of apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic subunit 3B

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Oncology Research 2024年第6期32卷 1021-1030页

作者： HYUNHO KIM UIJU CHO SOOK HEE HONG HYUNG SOON PARK IN-HO KIM HO JUNG AN byoung YONG SHIM jin HYOUNG KANG Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal MedicineSt.Vincent’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSuwonKorea Department of Pathology St.Vincent’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSuwonKorea Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal MedicineSeoul St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea

Background:Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide(APOBEC),an endogenous mutator,induces DNA damage and activates the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related(ATR)-checkpoint kinase 1(Chk1)*** cisplatin-based therapy is the mainstay for muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC),it has a poor survival ***,this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an ATR inhibitor combined with cisplatin in the treatment of APOBEC catalytic subunit 3B(APOBEC3B)expressing ***:Immunohistochemical staining was performed to analyze an association between APOBEC3B and ATR in patients with *** APOBEC3B expression in MIBC cell lines was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot *** blot analysis was performed to confirm differences in phosphorylated Chk1(pChk1)expression according to the APOBEC3B *** viability and apoptosis analyses were performed to examine the anti-tumor activity of ATR inhibitors combined with ***:There was a significant association between APOBEC3B and ATR expression in the tumor tissues obtained from patients with *** with higher APOBEC3B expression showed higher pChk1 expression than cells expressing low APOBEC3B *** treatment of ATR inhibitor and cisplatin inhibited cell growth in MIBC cells with a higher APOBEC3B *** to cisplatin single treatment,combination treatment induced more apoptotic cell death in the cells with higher APOBEC3B ***:Our study shows that APOBEC3B’s higher expression status can enhance the sensitivity of MIBC to cisplatin upon ATR *** result provides new insight into appropriate patient selection for the effective application of ATR inhibitors in MIBC.

关键词： Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide(APOBEC) Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related(ATR) Bladder cancer DNA damage response DNA replication stress

Shor's algorithm does not factor large integers in the presence of noise

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 305-320页

作者： jin-Yi CAI College of Letters and Science University of Wisconsin

We consider Shor's quantum factoring algorithm in the setting of noisy quantum gates. Under a generic model of random noise for(controlled) rotation gates, we prove that the algorithm does not factor integers of the form pq when the noise exceeds a vanishingly small level in terms of n—the number of bits of the integer to be factored, where p and q are from a well-defined set of primes of positive density. We further prove that with probability 1-o(1) over random prime pairs(p, q), Shor's factoring algorithm does not factor numbers of the form pq, with the same level of random noise present.

关键词： random noise Shor's algorithm rotation gates quantum computing prime factorization

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Mobility of rhenium and selenium during chemical weathering and their implication for petrogenic organic carbon oxidation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 740-750页

作者： Yuhong ZHANG jin WANG Yuanxin QU Chao ZHU Zhangdong jin State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi'an 710061China Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

The oxidative weathering of petrogenic organic carbon(OC_(petro)) is an important source of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) into the atmosphere on geological timescales and significantly influences the carbon cycle and global climate change. However, at present, a robust proxy to assess OC_(petro)oxidation is lacking. Riverine rhenium(Re) has emerged as a potential proxy to trace OC_(petro)oxidation, but little is known about Re sources and its relationship with OC_(petro)oxidation. To better understand the robustness of this proxy, we analyzed a shale weathering profile from the early Cambrian Shuijingtuo Formation in Chengkou County, Chongqing City, to address the mobility of Re and selenium(Se) and their relationship with the oxidation of OC_(petro)by analyses of the elemental variation and sequential extraction. The results showed that the chemical index of alteration(CIA)increases from the fresh bedrock to the weathered sections, indicating enhanced weathering intensity. Based on the sequential extraction and mass transfer coefficients(τ), Re and Se mainly exist in the organic phase of shale and are paired lost with OC_(petro) during weathering, with no obvious correlation with sulfide minerals. Furthermore, the different proportions of Re and Se loss with OC_(petro) loss can be attributed to their different geochemical behaviors during weathering. Our study supports Re as a robust proxy to trace OC_(petro) oxidation, whereas Se is the potential one. In the future, combined studies on various sedimentary rock profiles with catchment basins are needed to determine the sources of riverine Re and Se and their relationships with OC_(petro) oxidation.

关键词： Rhenium and selenium Shale Mobility OC_(petro) Chemical weathering

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Semi-analytical Solutions for Wellbores with Graded Skin Zones in Poroelastic Media

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第3期37卷 385-395页

作者： Zhiqiang Fan Zhihe jin School of Mechanics Civil Engineering and ArchitectureNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MaineOronoME04469USA

In analyzing the complex interaction between the wellbore and the reservoir formation,the hydromechanical properties of the region proximal to the wellbore,referred to as the“wellbore skin zone”,play a pivotal role in determining flow dynamics and the resulting formation *** models of the wellbore skin zone generally assume a constant permeability throughout,resulting in a sharp permeability discontinuity at the skin-reservoir *** paper introduces a model for a wellbore with a continuously graded skin zone of finite thickness within a poroelastic *** solutions are derived using the Laplace transform method,addressing both positive and negative skin *** results are presented to illustrate the effects of graded permeability/skin zone thickness on pore pressures and stresses around a *** results highlight a distinct divergence in stress and pore pressure fields when comparing wellbores with negative skin zones to those with positive skin zones or no skin at all.

关键词： Poroelastic Graded permeability Analytical solution Wellbore Skin zone

Combined Treatment with Bojungikgi-tang(Buzhong Yiqi Decoction)and Riluzole Attenuates Cell Death in TDP-43-Expressing Cells

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第7期30卷 616-622页

作者： Eun jin Yang Department of KM Science Research Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeonYuseong-gu34054Republic of Korea

Objective To examine the effect of combined treatment with Bojungikgi-tang(BJIGT,Buzhong Yiqi Decoction)and riluzole(RZ)in transactive response DNA-binding protein 43(TDP-43)stress granule(SG)cells,a amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)cell line using transcriptomic and molecular *** TDP-43 SG cells were pretreated with BJIGT(100µg/mL),RZ(50µmol/L),and combined BJIGT(100µg/mL)/RZ(50µmol/L)for 6 h before treatment with lipopolysaccharide(LPS,200µmol/L).Cell viability assay was performed to elucidate cell toxicity in TDP-43 SC cells using a cell-counting kit-8(CCK8)assay *** expression levels of cell death-related proteins,including Bax,caspase 1,cleaved caspase 3 and DJ1 in TDP-43 SG cells were examined by Western blot *** autophagy-related proteins,including pmTOR/mTOR,LC3b,P62,ATG7 and Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3(Bag3)were investigated using immunofluorescence and immunoblotting *** Cell viability assay and Western blot analysis showed that combined treatment with BJIGT and RZ suppressed LPS-induced cell death and expression of cell death-related proteins,including Bax,caspase 1,and DJ1(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting assays showed that combined treatment with BJIGT and RZ reduced LPS-induced formation of TDP-43 aggregates and regulated autophagy-related protein levels,including p62,light chain 3b,Bag3,and ATG7,in TDP-43-expressing cells(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion The combined treatment of BJIGT and RZ might reduce inflammation and regulate autophagy dysfunction in TDP-43-induced ALS.

关键词： Bojungikgi-tang Buzhong Yiqi Decoction transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 autophagy oxidative stress amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Bi-Frobenius Algebra Structures on Quantum Complete Intersections

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第6期40卷 1481-1504页

作者： Hai jin Pu ZHANG School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240P.R.China

This paper is to look for bi-Frobenius algebra structures on quantum complete intersections over field *** find a class of comultiplications,such that if√−1∈k,then a quantum complete intersection becomes a bi-Frobenius algebra with comultiplication of this form if and only if all the parameters qij=±***,it is proved that if√−1∈k then a quantum exterior algebra in two variables admits a bi-Frobenius algebra structure if and only if the parameter q=±√*** if−1/∈k,then the exterior algebra with two variables admits no bi-Frobenius algebra *** prove that the quantum complete intersections admit a bialgebra structure if and only if it admits a Hopf algebra structure,if and only if it is commutative,the characteristic of k is a prime p,and every ai a power of *** also provides a large class of examples of bi-Frobenius algebras which are not bialgebras(and hence not Hopf algebras).In commutative case,other two comultiplications on complete intersection rings are given,such that they admit non-isomorphic bi-Frobenius algebra structures.

关键词： Bi-Frobenius algebras coalgebras bialgebras Hopf algebras quantum complete intersections quantum exterior algebras

Innovation and Firm Co-ownership Network in China’s Electric Vehicle Industry

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第2期34卷 195-209页

作者： jin Zerun ZHU Shengjun College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Laboratory for Earth Surface Pro-cesses of the Ministry of Education Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Firms are embedded in complex networks,where diverse ideas combine and generate new *** of firms are of-ten seen as critical external resources that have significant influence on firm *** current literature tends to focus on the rela-tionship between firms and their shareholders,while paying less attention to the connections between firms with the same *** article identifies two types of network spillover effects,intra-city network effect and inter-city network effect,by visualizing the co-ownership networks in China’s electric vehicle(EV)*** find that firms with the same shareholders,which are defined as co-owned EV firms,are more innovative than non-co-owned ***,there are two dominant types of firm co-ownership ties formed by corporate and financial institution *** corporate shareholders help exploiting local tacit knowledge,financial institutions are more active in bridging inter-city *** conclusion is confirmed at both firm and city *** paper theor-izes the firm co-ownership network as a new form of institutional proximity and tested the result *** policy consideration,we have emphasized the importance of building formal or informal inter-firm network,and the government should further enhance the knowledge flow channel by institutional construction.

关键词： firm co-ownership intra-city network inter-city network technological innovation electric vehicle China