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深海金属采矿装备与技术发展现状及分析

煤炭学报 2024年第8期49卷 3316-3334页

作者：金永平董向阳万步炎刘德顺湖南科技大学海洋矿产资源探采装备与安全技术国家地方联合工程实验室湖南湘潭411201 湖南科技大学海洋资源探采技术与装备湖南省重点实验室湖南湘潭411201

金属矿产资源是保障国家经济发展与建设的重要物质基础。在陆地稀有金属供应初显疲态的形势下,世界各国纷纷将资源战略瞄向稀有金属蕴藏丰富的深海。开展深海采矿装备与技术的研发攻关,是实现深海矿产资源高效开采的关键。首先,系统论... 详细信息

金属矿产资源是保障国家经济发展与建设的重要物质基础。在陆地稀有金属供应初显疲态的形势下,世界各国纷纷将资源战略瞄向稀有金属蕴藏丰富的深海。开展深海采矿装备与技术的研发攻关,是实现深海矿产资源高效开采的关键。首先,系统论述深海采矿科学技术与装备发展历程,重点分析拖斗式、连续绳斗式、自动穿梭艇式、管道提升式技术特点,总结梳理国内外深海采矿车、深海扬矿装备、深海采矿船3类装备的发展现状;然后,以当前研究与发展动态为基础,围绕采矿、输运、支撑平台3个领域,梳理采集技术、牵引驱动技术、轨迹与规划技术、羽流演变评估技术4项采矿技术上取得的成效和进展,总结气力提升技术、水力提升技术、过流部件保障技术、力学行为分析技术4项输运技术的研究动态,探讨收放技术、升沉补偿技术2项支撑平台技术的研究方向及进展;最后,鉴于经济、环境、装备与技术3个维度目前的发展形势,提出深海采矿技术科学目标由装备可控转变为绿色采矿、安全采矿,为应对未来深海采矿装备与技术发展面临的环境与安全挑战,分析提出有待于聚焦研究的关键科学与技术问题,以此凝练出绿色行进采集技术、超深安全扬矿技术、全局协同保障技术、数字环境评估技术4项亟待突破的关键技术,以期为我国深海采矿装备体系研究与建设提供参考。

关键词：深海金属采矿矿产资源采矿装备采矿技术输运技术

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弘扬新时代科学家精神

中小学校长 2024年第2期 2-4页

作者：万步炎湖南科技大学海洋实验室

科学成就离不开精神支撑。中华人民共和国成立以来,广大科技工作者在祖国大地上树立起了一座座科技创新的丰碑,铸就了具有中国特质的科学家精神。习近平总书记曾经多次谈到科学家精神,他指出,“科学家精神是科技工作者在长期科学实践中... 详细信息

科学成就离不开精神支撑。中华人民共和国成立以来,广大科技工作者在祖国大地上树立起了一座座科技创新的丰碑,铸就了具有中国特质的科学家精神。习近平总书记曾经多次谈到科学家精神,他指出,“科学家精神是科技工作者在长期科学实践中积累的宝贵精神财富。”

关键词：科技工作者宝贵精神财富中国特质精神支撑科学实践科学成就科学家习近平总书记

Design and Experimental Study of pressure Comp.nsation System for Full-Ocean-Depth Gas-Tight Sediment Sampler

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2022年第2期35卷 279-290页

作者： Guangp.ng Liu Yongp.ng Jin Youduo p.ng buyan Wan national-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Resources Exploration Equipment and Safety Technology Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China

Aiming at the requirement of the full-ocean-depth(operating water depth 11000 m)manned submersible to carry out the gas-tight sampling operation of the abyss seabed sediment,a kind of full-ocean-depth carrier submersible mechanical hand-held,full-ocean-depth gas-tight sediment sampler(GTSS)with the function of pressure-retaining and coring is ***,the volume change model of pressure comp.nsator is established,and it is pointed out that the volume of pressure comp.nsator is about 16.14%equal to the volume of gas-tight sediment sampler(GTSS).Secondly,the pressure comp.nsator is analyzed and calculated,and the relationship between the precharge pressure of the pressure comp.nsator,the nominal volume of the pressure comp.nsator and the pressure holding effect of the gas-tight sediment sampler(GTSS)is *** results show that with the increase of gas precharge pressure in the pressure comp.nsator,the final pressure of the sampler also *** the same precharge pressure condition,the larger the nominal volume of the pressure comp.nsator,the greater the final pressure of the ***,the air tightness test method is designed by using the developed gas tightness sampler of the full-ocean-depth product,and the change of the final pressure in the gas tight sampler under different precharge pressure is *** test results are consistent with the simulation results,indicating the correctness of the pressure comp.nsation system(pCS)model.

关键词： pressure-retaining sampler Full-ocean-depth pressure comp.nsator Gas tightness

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KJS-400型对旋风机性能分析及改进

佳木斯大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第5期42卷 62-65页

作者：张立祥陈步严安徽理工大学安徽淮南232001

为提高KJS-400型对旋风机的除尘效率,通过对旋风机的一、二级叶轮轴向距离、输入压力及不同叶片形式进行单因素实验。为了方便更直观地观察改变不同参数对风机处理风量产生的影响,并获得优化方案并仿真验证,将体积流率作为评价指标。体... 详细信息

为提高KJS-400型对旋风机的除尘效率,通过对旋风机的一、二级叶轮轴向距离、输入压力及不同叶片形式进行单因素实验。为了方便更直观地观察改变不同参数对风机处理风量产生的影响,并获得优化方案并仿真验证,将体积流率作为评价指标。体积流率越大,证明单位时间内风机处理的风量越多。利用AnSYS中的Fluent模块对风机运转方式以及内外流场进行仿真,得到风机内流场的初始流动状态和进风量。再对有影响的参数采用控制变量法进行改进调试,利用单因素实验和正交实验确定KJS-400型对旋风机的最佳设计参数,从而提高对旋风机的除尘效率。

关键词：降尘风机结构优化气动性能参数正交实验

Simulated and Experimental Study of Seabed Sediments Sampling parameters Based on the VOF Method

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2022年第2期35卷 265-278页

作者： Shudong He Youduo p.ng Yongp.ng Jin Jian Yan buyan Wan national-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Resources Exploration Equipment and Safety Technology Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China

Sediments in the seabed hold vital clues to the study of marine geology,microbial communities and history of ocean life,and the remote operated vehicle(ROV)mounted tubular sampling is an important way to obtain ***,sampling in the seabed is a particularly difficult and complicated task due to the difficulty accessing deep water *** sampling is affected by the sampler’s structural parameters,operation parameters and the interaction between the sampling tube and sediments,which usually results in low volume and coring rate of sediments *** paper simulated the soft viscous seabed sediments as non-newtonian Herschel-Bulkley viscoplastic fluids and established a numerical model for the tubular sampling based on the volume of fluid(VOF)*** influence rules of the sampling tube diameter,drainage area rate,p.netration velocity,and sediments dynamic viscosity on coring rate and volume were *** results showed that coring volume was negatively correlated with all the parameters except the sampling tube ***,coring rate decreased with increases in p.netration velocity,drainage area rate,and sediments dynamic *** coring rate first increased and then decreased with increasing of the sampling tube diameter,and the peak value was also influenced by p.netration ***,based on the numerical simulation results,an experimental sampling platform was set up and real-world sampling experiments were *** simulation results tallied with the experimental results,with a maximum absolute error of only 4.6%,which verified that the numerical simulation model accurately reflected real-world *** findings in this paper can provide a theoretical basis for facilitating the optimal design of the geometric structure of the seabed sediments samplers and the parameters in the sampling process.

关键词： Seabed sediments Sampler VOF method Computational fluid dynamics Coring volume Coring rate

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雾炮风机的气动性能分析与结构改进

煤矿机械 2024年第6期45卷 138-141页

作者：张立祥陈步严王亚明安徽理工大学安徽淮南232001

为提高ZWp-80型雾炮风机的降尘性能,解决有效射程短、覆盖面积小和降尘效果差等问题,使用AnSYS中的Fluent模块对雾炮工作过程进行仿真,得到了雾炮内部和外部流场的流动状态以及相应的数据。基于仿真结果,对雾炮风机的风筒出口直径和风... 详细信息

为提高ZWp-80型雾炮风机的降尘性能,解决有效射程短、覆盖面积小和降尘效果差等问题,使用AnSYS中的Fluent模块对雾炮工作过程进行仿真,得到了雾炮内部和外部流场的流动状态以及相应的数据。基于仿真结果,对雾炮风机的风筒出口直径和风筒长度进行优化改进和参数匹配。利用单因素实验和正交实验确定ZWp-80型雾炮最佳的结构参数优化方案和最佳设计方案,提高其降尘性能。

关键词：降尘雾炮结构优化气动性能 Fluent仿真

海洋环境作用下深海海底钻机收放系统建模与运动响应分析

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矿业工程研究 2024年第2期39卷 55-62页

作者：李兰香金永平刘德顺万步炎湖南科技大学海洋矿产资源探采装备与安全技术国家地方联合工程实验室湖南湘潭411201

深海海底钻机收放系统在风、浪等海洋环境的扰动下会引起海底钻机摆动,通过建立收放系统的动力学模型,分析收放系统在规则波浪下不同波高、浪向角和风速对海底钻机摆角以及相对位移的影响.研究结果表明:在波高、浪向角以及风速的影响下... 详细信息

深海海底钻机收放系统在风、浪等海洋环境的扰动下会引起海底钻机摆动,通过建立收放系统的动力学模型,分析收放系统在规则波浪下不同波高、浪向角和风速对海底钻机摆角以及相对位移的影响.研究结果表明:在波高、浪向角以及风速的影响下,深海海底钻机入水前后的摆动角度与相对位移变化均存在明显差异;随着波高与风速的增大,钻机的面内摆角变化幅度较小;随着浪向角的增大,钻机的摆动角度和相对位移逐渐增大.得到的结论可用于海底钻机收放系统摆动的预测和控制,为技术工作人员提供参考.

关键词：深海海底钻机动力学钻机摆动运动响应

Review and Analysis of Key Techniques in Marine Sediment Sampling

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2020年第5期33卷 150-166页

作者： Shudong He Youduo p.ng Yongp.ng Jin buyan Wan Guangp.ng Liu national‑Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Resources Exploration Equipment and Safety Technology Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China

Deep-sea sediment is extremely important in marine scientific research,such as that concerning marine geology and microbial *** research findings are closely related to the in-situ information of the *** prerequisite for investigations of deep-sea sediment is providing sampling techniques capable of preventing distortion during *** the fruit of such sampling techniques,samplers designed for obtaining sediment have become indisp.nsable equipment,owing to their low cost,light weight,compactness,easy operation,and high adaptability to sea *** paper introduces the research and application of typical deep-sea sediment ***,a representative sampler recently developed in China is *** this basis,a review and analysis is conducted regarding the key techniques of various deep-sea sediment samplers,including sealing,pressure and temperature retaining,low-disturbance sampling,and no-pressure drop ***,the shortcomings in the key techniques for deep-sea sediment sampling are ***,prospects for the future development of key techniques for deep-sea sediment sampling are proposed,from the perspectives of structural diversification,functional integration,intelligent operation,and high-fidelity *** paper summarizes the existing samplers in the context of the key techniques mentioned above,and can provide reference for the optimized design of samplers and development of key sampling techniques.

关键词： Sampler Sealing technique pressure&temperature-retaining technique Low-disturbance sampling technique no-pressure drop transfer technique

α-Synuclein arginylation in the human brain

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Translational neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 654-666页

作者： Jun Zhao buyan p.n Marie Fina Yun Huang Marie Shimogawa Kelvin C.Luk Elizabeth Rhoades EJames petersson Dawei W.Dong Anna Kashina Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19104USA Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and SciencesPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19104USA Center for neurodegenerative Disease Research Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19104USA.

Background: Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) exhibits pathological misfolding in many human neurodegenerative disorders. We previously showed that α-syn is arginylated in the mouse brain and that lack of arginylation leads to neurodegen-eration in mice. Methods: Here, we tested α-syn arginylation in human brain pathology using newly derived antibodies in combina-tion with Western blotting, biochemical assays, and experiments in live neurons. Results: We found that α-syn was arginylated in the human brain on E46 and E83, two sites previously implicated in α-syn pathology and familial cases of parkinson’s disease. The levels of arginylation in different brain samples ranged between ~ 3% and ~ 50% of the total α-syn pool, and this arginylation nearly exclusively concentrated in the subcellu-lar α-syn fraction that sedimented at low centrifugation speeds and appeared to be simultaneously targeted by multi-ple posttranslational modifications. Arginylated α-syn was less susceptible to S129 phosphorylation and pathological aggregation in neurons. The arginylation level inversely correlated with the overall α-syn levels and with patient age, suggesting a possible causal relationship between arginylation decline and α-syn-dep.ndent neuropathology. Conclusion: We propose that α-syn arginylation constitutes a potential neuroprotective mechanism that prevents its abnormal accumulation during neurodegeneration and aging in the human brain.

关键词： Arginylation neurodegeneration Aging α-Synuclein