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Salinity Stress in Wheat:Effects,Mechanisms and Management Strategies

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第4期91卷 667-694页

作者： Mahmoud F.Seleiman Muhammad Talha Aslam bushra ahmed alhammad MuhammadUmair Hassan Rizwan Maqbool Muhammad Umer Chattha Imran Khan Harun Ireri Gitari Omer S.Uslu Rana Roy Martin Leonardo Battaglia Plant Production Department College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Crop Sciences Faculty of AgricultureMenoufia UniversityShibin El-kom32514Egypt Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Biology Department College of Science and Humanity StudiesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityRiyadh11942Saudi Arabia Research Center on Ecological Sciences Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang330045China Department of Agricultural Sciences and Technology School of Agriculture and Enterprise DevelopmentKenyatta UniversityNairobi00100Kenya Department of Field Crops Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Sutcu ImamKahramanmaras46040Turkey Department of Agroforestry&Environmental Science Faculty of AgricultureSylhet Agricultural UniversitySylhet3100Bangladesh Department of Animal Sciences Cornell UniversityIthaca14850USA

Salinity stress is a major threat to global food production and its intensity is continuously increasing because of anthropogenic *** is a staple food and a source of carbohydrates and calories for the majority of people across the ***,wheat productivity is adversely affected by salt stress,which is associated with a reduction in germination,growth,altered reproductive behavior and enzymatic activity,disrupted photosynthesis,hormonal imbalance,oxidative stress,and yield ***,a better understanding of wheat(plant)behavior to salinity stress has essential implications to devise counter and alleviation measures to cope with salt *** approaches including the selection of suitable cultivars,conventional breeding,and molecular techniques can be used for facing salt stress ***,these techniques are tedious,costly,and *** practices are still helpful to improve the wheat performance under salinity *** of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,and exogenous application of phytohormones,seed priming,and nutrient management are important tools to improve wheat performance under salinity *** this paper,we discussed the effect of salinity stress on the wheat crop,possible mechanisms to deal with salinity stress,and management options to improve wheat performance under salinity conditions.

关键词： Breeding techniques oxidative stress photosynthesis phyto-hormones salinity stress wheat

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Mental health status among COVID-19 patients survivors of critical illness in Saudi Arabia:A 6-month follow-up questionnaire study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2560-2567页

作者： Abdullah M alhammad Namareq F Aldardeer Abdulaziz Alqahtani Mohammad H Aljawadi bushra Alnefaie Raghad Alonazi Mansour Almuqbil Abdulrahman Alsaadon Rakan M Alqahtani Rashid Alballaa Bader Alshehri Mohammed I Alarifi Fahad D Alosaimi Department of Clinical Pharmacy College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmacy Services King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreJeddah 21499Saudi Arabia Corporate Department of Pharmacy Services King Saud University Medical CityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia College of Pharmacy King Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Critical Care Medicine College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Psychiatry College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Psychological assessment after intensive care unit(ICU)discharge is increasingly used to assess patients'cognitive and psychological ***,few studies have examined those who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).There is a paucity of data from the Middle East assessing the post-ICU discharge mental health status of patients who had *** To evaluate anxiety and depression among patients who had severe *** This is a prospective single-center follow-up questionnaire-based study of adults who were admitted to the ICU or under ICU consultation for>24 h for *** patients were contacted via *** patient’s anxiety and depression six months after ICU discharge were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS).The primary outcome was the mean HADS *** secondary outcomes were risk factors of anxiety and/or *** Patients who were admitted to the ICU because of COVID-19 were screened(n=518).Of these,48 completed the *** mean age was 56.3±17.2 *** patients(62.5%)were *** main comorbidities were endocrine(n=24,50%)and cardiovascular(n=21,43.8%)*** mean overall HADS score for anxiety and depression at 6 months post-ICU discharge was 11.4(SD±8.5).A HADS score of>7 for anxiety and depression was detected in 15 patients(30%)and 18 patients(36%),*** from the multivariable ordered logistic regression demonstrated that vasopressor use was associated with the development of anxiety and depression[odds ratio(OR)39.06,95% confidence interval:1.309-1165.8;P<0.05].CONCLUSION Six months after ICU discharge,30% of patients who had COVID-19 demonstrated a HADS score that confirmed anxiety and *** compare the psychological status of patients following an ICU admission(with vs without COVID-19),further studies are warranted.

关键词： COVID-19 Critically ill Anxiety Depression HADS Saudi Arabia

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Evaluation of Plant Densities and Various Irrigation Regimes of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) under Low Water Supply

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2016年第1期8卷 1-11页

作者： Ali A. Alderfasi Mostafa M. Selim bushra A. alhammad Department of Plant Production Faculty of Food and Agriculture Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Faculty of Sciences and Humanities Salman Bin Abdulaziz University Alkharj Saudi Arabia

Drought stress, during growth season along with plant density, is an important problem that needs attention. In order to investigate the influence of both factors in increasing the water use efficiency, field experiments were laid out in split-plot design at Agriculture Research Station, Collage of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, to investigate the effects of irrigation intervals viz., irrigation every (6, 9 and 12 days) under different plant densities i.e., (6, 8 and 10 plants/m2) on growth, yield and yield component parameters as well as grain quality of sorghum local variety (Gizani). Results revealed that almost all growth, yield and yield component parameters were significantly influenced by both factors as well as their interaction. Chemical composition of seeds, leaf proline content and WUE were also considered. Severe drought stress condition caused gradual decrease in most of the growth characters as compared to watered treatment and reflected in decreasing yield and yield component characters. Increasing plant densities led to raise biomass production and seed yield per unit area and not able to compensated the low number and weight of grains per panicle. Contrary, low plant density, under adequate irrigation conditions, can be compensated by a high number of grains per panicle and high weight of the grain. Maximum seed yield per hectare was recorded by the interactional effects of most watered treatments (irrigation every 6 days) and plant density of 10 plants per square meter.

关键词： Sorghum Plant Density Plant Population Irrigation Water Use Efficiency Drought Stress

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Multi-material Bio-inspired Soft Octopus Robot for Underwater Synchronous Swimming

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第5期19卷 1229-1241页

作者： Faheem ahmed Muhammad Waqas bushra Shaikh Umair Khan Afaque Manzoor Soomro Suresh Kumar Hina Ashraf Fida Hussain Memon Kyung Hyun Choi Department of Mechatronics Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA UniversityAirport RoadSukkur 65200SindhPakistan Advanced Micro Mechatronics and Energy Lab Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkur 65200Pakistan Department of Ocean Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243South Korea

Inspired by the simple yet amazing morphology of the Octopus, we propose the design, fabrication, and characterization of multi-material bio-inspired soft Octopus robot (Octobot). 3D printed molds for tentacles and head were used. The tentacles of the Octobot were casted using Ecoflex-0030 while head was fabricated using relatively flexible material, i.e., OOMOO-25. The head is attached to the functionally responsive tentacles (each tentacle is of 79.12 mm length and 7 void space diameter), whereas Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) muscle wires of 0.5 mm thickness are used in Octobot tentacles for dual thrust generation and actuation of Octobot. The tentacles were separated in two groups and were synchronously actuated. Each tentacle of the developed Octobot contains a pair of SMA muscles (SMA-α and SMA-β). SMA-α muscles being the main actuator, was powered by 9 V, 350 mA power supply, whereas SMA-β was used to provide back thrust and thus helps to increase the actuation frequency. Simulation work of the proposed model was performed in the SolidWorks environment to verify the vertical velocity using the octopus tentacle actuation. The design morphology of Octobot was optimized using simulation and TRACKER software by analyzing the experimental data of angle, displacement, and velocity of real octopus. The as-developed Octobot can swim at variable frequencies (0.5–2 Hz) with the average speed of 25 mm/s (0.5 BLS). Therefore, the proposed soft Octopus robot showed an excellent capability of mimicking the gait pattern of its natural counterpart.

关键词： Bio-inspired Octopus Octobot Sub-surface Soft robotics Swimming

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Determination Uranium Concentrations and Effective Dose of Drinking Water for Nineveh Governorate—Iraq, Using Kinetic Phosphorescence Analyzer (KPA)

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第3期5卷 200-206页

作者： Shafik Shakier Shafik bushra Ali ahmed Mazin Mohammed Department of Physics College of Science University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Ministries of Environment Radiation Protection Center Baghdad Iraq

In this work, the concentrations of natural Uranium and the annual effective dose (ET in Sv·y-1) in drinking water for Nineveh Governorate in northern Iraq were determined using a pulsed-laser Kinetic Phosphorescence Analyzer (KPA). Furthermore, the relationship between pH for water samples and the concentration of Uranium was studied. The drinking water samples are taken approximately from all regions of Nineveh as;15 samples of tap water are taken from refinery stations, 13 samples of water samples are taken from wells that are used for drinking, and 18 samples of drinking water are withdrawn from wells in Adayyah region (this region is located near nuclear wastes site). Thus, the total studied samples are 46. The results of Uranium concentration for all samples ranged from 2.61 ± 0.08 to 9.14 ± 0.012 μg·L-1 with an overall average value about 5.87 ± 0.046 μg·L-1, and the total annual effective dose ranged from 2.3 to 8.04 μSv·y-1. The results also showed that the pH number increases with increasing Uranium concentration and have, in general, high values in well water.

关键词： Uranium KPA Drinking Water Intake Annual Effective Dose Nineveh

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中国高校留学生跨文化适应研究

中国高校留学生跨文化适应研究

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作者： bushra MOHSEN ahmed AL-QADHI 吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

目前,经济全球化迅猛发展,国际间的交流日益增强,国外申请到中国留学的留学生数量也日渐增加,为此,深入研究国际留学生的跨文化适应问题有着重要意义。本文以科琳·沃德（Colleen Ward）等人的社会文化适应和心理适应理论以及威廉·古... 详细信息

目前,经济全球化迅猛发展,国际间的交流日益增强,国外申请到中国留学的留学生数量也日渐增加,为此,深入研究国际留学生的跨文化适应问题有着重要意义。本文以科琳·沃德（Colleen Ward）等人的社会文化适应和心理适应理论以及威廉·古迪孔斯特（William Gudykunst）的沟通模式和分类形式为基础,通过微信网络平台方式进行发放问卷,利用定性和定量方法进行分析,旨在观察国际留学生在中国高校的学术适应、心理适应及社会适应现状,探究学术适应与心理适应、跨文化适应之间的相互关系,并就目前国际留学生存在的某些不适应问题提出合理化建议。研究结果表明:在学术适应方面,国际留学生适应能力较好,但对课上教师讲授内容的理解等方面存在一些困难;在社会文化适应方面,国际留学生的社会文化适应能力较弱,部分国家或地区的留学生因饮食文化及特殊节日或斋禁期间的民族习惯等难于适应留学地的统一课业作息;在心理适应方面,根据心理健康16PF量表对国际留学生知、情、行进行评估,发现一些留学生存在心理适应困难的问题,表现为:孤寂、睡眠不好、思念亲人等。通过问卷调查数据分析,本文认为国际留学生的学术追求、在地新建人际关系、交流形式及宗教信仰等与跨文化适应具有很大相关性,是否具有留学地的相关文化知识储备也是其中的重要因素。定量研究数据结果显示,社会文化适应、心理适应与学术适应呈明显的正相关。在上述调查分析的基础上,根据国际留学生在中国留学期间存在的文化、心理等适应弱的问题,提出高校管理者一方面需要了解国际留学生的生活习俗、宗教信仰,对国际留学生给予更多的社会支持与关爱;另一方面,增设跨文化培训组织,通过语言培训和社会文化培训,了解中国文化、中国制度和管理特点,帮助国际留学生尽快适应中国本土生活和高校校园文化生活,改善留学生的社会文化适应和心理适应,进而促进国际留学生本人的学术适应,保证留学生顺利完成学业。

关键词：跨文化适应国际留学生学术适应社会适应心理适应

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New Sudanese Reference Chart of Fetal Bi-ometry and Weight Using Ultrasonography

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Open Journal of Radiology 2016年第2期6卷 131-139页

作者： Caroline Edward Ayad ahmed Abdelrahim Mohammed Ibrahim Mohammed Elfadil Mohammed GarElnabi bushra Hussein ahmed Elsafi ahmed Abdalla Mohammed ahmed Elshiekh Saleem College of Medical Radiological Science Sudan University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan Faculty of Radiology Science and Medical Imaging Alzaiem Alazhari University Khartoum Sudan College of Medical Radiological Science and Nuclear Medicine The National Rabat University Khartoum Sudan

Background: Many centers in Sudan use the reference data for fetal biometry. The recently published population-based reference either overestimated or underestimated the weight of the fetuses. Objective: To establish a national reference for fetal biometry, and weight by gestational age for singleton fetuses in Sudan. Methods: Data were collected on all singleton live births documented in the data collection sheet done at Saudi Hospital from 2015 to 2016 (n = 225). Gestational age estimation was based on the last menstrual period and fetal ultrasound thereafter. Fetal biometry and weight and other 6 fetal weight formulae were assessed. Reference data for fetal growth by gestational age were created. Results: New charts and reference equations are reported in Sudanese population for fetal biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length and fetal weight. Conclusion: We advocate that these reference charts and equations for fetal biometry and weight might be valuable in the clinical use for appropriate ethnic Sudanese.

关键词： Fetal Biometry Fetal Weight Gestational Age Ultrasonography

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Assessment of Used Formulae for Sonographic Estimation of Fetal Weight in Sudanese Population

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Open Journal of Radiology 2016年第2期6卷 113-120页

作者： Caroline Edward Ayad ahmed Abdelrahim Mohammed Ibrahim Mohamed Elfadil Mohamed Garelnabi bushra Hussein ahmed Elsafi ahmed Abdalla Mohammed ahmed Elshiekh Saleem College of Medical Radiological Science Sudan University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan Faculty of Radiology Science and Medical Imaging Alzaiem Alazhari University Khartoum Sudan College of Medical Radiological Science and Nuclear Medicine The National Rabat University Khartoum Sudan

The objective of this study is to assess commonly used formulae (Sheppard, Campbell, Hadlock I, II, III, and IV) for estimation of fetal weight in Sudanese population. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Saudi Hospital-Khartoum-Sudan;from December 2015 to April 2016. The study included 225 singleton pregnancies. The fetal biometry—Biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (FL) and actual birth weights (ABW) were taken. Statistical analysis showed significant results at p ≤ 0.005. Results showed that the significant highest positive correlation between the ABW and the EFW/Kg was seen in the Hadlock I, III and IV equations having an equal values (0.951) followed by Hadlock II (0.946), Sheppard (0.872) and lastly Campbell (-0.925) with significant high degree of negative correlation. The new established equation EFWFLHCAC is the best formula identified in our study to predict Sudanese babies weight ranged between 1.86 Kg to 3.987 Kg.

关键词： Ultrasonography Fetal Weight Gestational Age

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Stability Analysis and Hopf Bifurcation for ODE System of Predator-Prey Model with Mutual Interference

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Applied Mathematics 2021年第9期12卷 793-802页

作者： Khalid ahmed Abbakar Yafei Yang Alhussein Mohamed Songchen Xia Mogahid Mamoon Abkar Omer bushra Elfadil Hassan College of Mathematics and Statistics Northwest Normal University Lanzhou China Department of Mathematics and Physics Faculty of Education University of Gadarif Gadarif Sudan School of Mathematics and Statistics Northeast Normal University Changchun China Department of Mathematics School of Mathematics University of Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa

In this paper, the temporal and spatial patterns of a diffusive predator-prey model with mutual interference under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions were studied. Specifically, first, taking the intrinsic growth rate of the predator as the parameter, we give a computational and theoretical analysis of Hopf bifurcation on the positive equilibrium for the ODE system. As well, we have discussed the conditions for determining the bifurcation direction and the stability of the bifurcating periodic solutions.

关键词： Predator-Prey Model Mutual Interference Hopf Bifurcation Functional Response

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SCREENING OF MARINE BACTERIA OF PAKISTAN COAST FOR DRUG DISCOVERY POTENTIAL

SCREENING OF MARINE BACTERIA OF PAKISTAN COAST FOR DRUG DISC...

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The 3rd Session of 2009 Workshop of Pakistan Academy of Sciences

作者： bushra Uzair Nuzhat ahmed Faryal Vali Mohammad Viqar Uddin Ahmad David Edwards Centre for Molecular Genetics University of Karachi H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi Department of Molecular and Cellular pathology University of Dundee Ninewells Hospital and Medical School

The use of microorganisms for biological purpose has become an effective alternative to control pathogens. A total of 100 bacteria were isolated from marine samples of Sindh and Baluchistan coast of Pakistan and screened for antibacterial activity. One strain CMG1066, identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, showed antibacterial activity, capable of inhibiting growth of clinical isolates such as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcesence, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexnerie, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus group G, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium sporogenes, as well as indigenous marine bacteria such as Shewanella putrifacians, Vibrio alginolyticus, Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis. The inhibitory activity was stable at temperatures of 80°, 90° and 100°C, but was partially inactivated at 121°C. Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa established that antibacterial activity could be detected in an ethyl acetate fraction of the crude extract, and this suggests that the substance was not bound to cell surface. Microscopic examination of exponentially growing cells of S. aureus and B. subtilis treated with crude extract of P. aeruginosa showed some very interesting morphological changes.

关键词： Marine bacteria antibacterial Pseudomonas antibacterial activity thin layer chromatography zone of inhibition

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