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The impact of salps(Salpa thompsoni) on the Antarctic krill population(Euphausia superba): an individual-based modelling study

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Ecological Processes 2023年第4期12卷 38-53页

作者： bruno Walter Pietzsch Aaron Schmidt Jürgen Groeneveld Dominik Bahlburg Bettina meyer Uta Berger Faculty of Environmental Sciences Institute of Forest Growth and Forest Computer Sciences Technische Universit?t Dresden Department of Ecological modelling Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ Section Polar Biological Oceanography Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the marine Environment(ICBm) Carl-Von-Ossietzky University Helmholtz Institute for marine Functional Biodiversity(HIFmB)

Background Krill（Euphausia superba） and salps（Salpa thompsoni） are key macrozooplankton grazers in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. However, due to differing habitat requirements, both species previously exhibited little spatial overlap. With ongoing climate change-induced seawater temperature increase and regional sea ice loss, salps can now extend their spatial distribution into historically krill-dominated areas and increase rapidly due to asexual reproduction when environmental conditions are favorable. Understanding the potential effects on krill is crucial, since krill is a species of exceptional trophic significance in the Southern Ocean food web. Negative impacts on krill could trigger cascading effects on its predators and prey. To address this question, we combined two individual-based models on salps and krill, which describe the whole life cycle of salp individuals and the dynamic energy budget of individual krill. The resulting new model PEKRIS（PErformance of KRIll vs. Salps） simulates a krill population for 100 years under varying chlorophyll-a concentrations in the presence or absence of *** All of the investigated krill population properties（abundance, mean length, and yearly egg production） were significantly impacted by the presence of salps. On the other hand, salp density was not impacted if krill were present. The medians of krill population properties deviated during variable maximum chlorophyll-a density per year when salps were introduced by-99.9%（-234 individuals per 1000 m3） for krill density,-100%（-22,062 eggs per 1000 m3） for krill eggs and-0.9%（-0.3 mm） for mean length of *** If both species compete for the same food resource in a closed space, salps seem to inhibit krill populations. Further simulation studies should investigate whether this effect prevails if different phytoplankton sizes and consumption preferences of krill are implemented. Furthermore, direct predation of the two species or consumption of krill f

关键词： Euphausia superba Salpa thompsoni Individual-based model Food competition Population dynamics DEB theory

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Publisher Correction: Finding the semantic similarity in single-particle diffraction images using self-supervised contrastive projection learning

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npj Computational materials 2023年第1期9卷 1732-1733页

作者： Julian Zimmermann Fabien Beguet Daniel Guthruf bruno Langbehn Daniela Rupp ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland max-Born-Institut Berlin Germany Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany

Correction to:npj Computational materials https://***/10.1038/s41524-023-00966-0,published online 16 February 2023 The original version of this Article contained several typographical errors in both the PDF and the HTmL *** the first paragraph of‘Introduction’,the sentence‘(The phrase was coined by Nobel laureate Francis Crick in his book What mad Pursuit:A personal view of scientific discovery)’duplicated reference *** sentence and brackets have been removed in the corrected version.

关键词： semantic similarity projection

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Focus on using nanopore technology for societal health,environmental,and energy challenges

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Nano Research 2022年第11期15卷 9906-9920页

作者： Izadora mayumi Fujinami Tanimoto Benjamin Cressiot Sandra J.Greive bruno Le Pioufle Laurent Bacri Juan Pelta LAmBE CNRSUniv EvryUniversitéParis-Saclay91025Evry-CourcouronnesFrance LumIn CNRSInstitut d'AlembertENS Paris-SaclayUniversitéParis-Saclay91190Gif-sur-YvetteFrance LAmBE CNRSCY Cergy Paris Université95000CergyFrance DreamPore S.A.S. 33 Boulevard du Port 95000CergyFrance

With an increasing global population that is rapidly ageing,our society faces challenges that impact health,environment,and energy *** this ageing comes an accumulation of cellular changes that lead to the development of diseases and susceptibility to *** impacts not only the health system,but also the global *** the population increases,so does the demand for energy and the emission of pollutants,leading to a progressive degradation of our *** in turn impacts health through reduced access to arable land,clean water,and breathable *** monitoring approaches to assist in environmental control and minimize the impact on health are urgently needed,leading to the development of new sensor technologies that are highly sensitive,rapid,and *** sensing is a new technology that helps to meet this purpose,with the potential to provide rapid point-of-care medical diagnosis,real-time on-site pollutant monitoring systems to manage environmental health,as well as integrated sensors to increase the efficiency and storage capacity of renewable energy *** this review we discuss how the powerful approach of nanopore based single-molecule,or particle,electrical promises to overcome existing and emerging societal challenges,providing new opportunities and tools for personalized medicine,localized environmental monitoring,and improved energy production and storage systems.

关键词： electric sensor nanoparticles environment biomarkers energy storage

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Streamflow prediction in ungauged catchments by using the Grunsky method

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 700-712页

作者： bruno K.marchezepe AndréAlmagro AndréS.Ballarin Paulo Tarso S.Oliveira Department of Hydraulics and Sanitary Engineering São Carlos School of EngineeringUniversity of São PauloSão CarlosSPBrazil Faculty of Engineering Architecture and Urbanism and GeographyFederal University of Mato Grosso do SulMS79070-900Brazil

Establish a reliable rainfall-runoff relation capable of predicting runoff in ungauged basins is a matter of interest across the world for a long time and has been taking importance during the past *** approaches,hydrological models and machine learning techniques have been used to estimate ***,returning some simplicity to the predictions might be necessary for practical *** this paper,we re-introduce *** approach,developed in the early 1900s to predict runoff from values of precipitation on a two-equations ***,we analyze the Grunsky generalized method applied for 716 Brazilian catchments,on an interannual and monthly ***,we established the best method to find the rainfall-runoff relation coefficient for each ***,we evaluate the performance of the method on a local scale,i.e.,catchment by ***,we analyze the method of regionalization,by grouping the catchments into six hydrologically similar *** local scale,the Kling-Gupta Efficiency(KGE)values range from 0.87 to 0.93 on the interannual scale and is greater than 0.50 on the monthly *** the regionalized approach,KGE varies from 0.60 to 0.84 on an interannual *** also found suitable KGE values on a monthly scale,with more than 22%of catchments with KGE greater than 0.50,being the best performances in the Non-seasonal and Extremely-wet groups,and the worst performance in the Dry *** findings indicate that Grunsky approach is suitable to predict streamflow for Brazilian catchments on interannual and monthly *** simple and easy-to-use equation presents a reliable alternative to more complex methods to compute runoff by only using rainfall data.

关键词： Regionalization Hydrological group Temporal scale Tropical basins

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Challenges in Implementing DVI Best Practice Guidelines Due to the Brumadinho Disaster

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Forensic medicine and Anatomy Research 2024年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： Reinaldo moreira Silva bruno Diniz Sander morais Carlos Danilo Ruas Silva Elza Cristina Lopes de Oliveira Fernando Pereira macedo Giovanni Vitral Pinto Guadalupe Dell’Arret Coutinho Higgor Gonçalves Dornelas João Luiz Silva moreira Laila Evangelista de Almeida Fernandes marcia Lobão Iannini Patrícia Siqueira Valéria Rosalina Dias e Santos Sordaini maria Caligiorne Instituto de Criminalística Polícia Civil de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

The broke of a tailings dam from Vale S.A. destroyed a gigantic area killing 270 persons in Brumadinho/Brazil. Organizing activities after a mass disaster is a complex process that requires the involvement of many people and resources in the laboratory. To DNA identification of the victims, a daunting work had to be made by DNA laboratory staff in a collaborative effort with many partners. Efforts to implement good practice guidelines in Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) have revealed several important aspects that need to change in the forensic DNA laboratory. This article highlights the challenges of implementing DVI best practice guidelines in resource-poor settings, but with professionals from different sectors engaged in the same goal of briefly identifying victims and helping families and society.

关键词： Disaster Victim Identification DNA Brumadinho

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Human pluripotent stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles:From now to the future

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2023年第5期15卷 453-465页

作者： bruno moises de matos marco Augusto Stimamiglio Alejandro Correa Anny Waloski Robert Stem Cells Basic Biology Laboratory Carlos Chagas InstituteCuritiba 81350010ParanáBrazil

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nanometric particles that enclose cell-derived bioactive molecules in a lipid bilayer and serve as intercellular communication ***,in various biological contexts,EVs are reported to engage in immune modulation,senescence,and cell proliferation and ***,EVs could be key elements for potential off-the-shelf cell-free *** has been studied regarding EVs derived from human pluripotent stem cells(hPSC-EVs),even though hPSCs offer good opportunities for induction of tissue regeneration and unlimited proliferative *** this review article,we provide an overview of studies using hPSC-EVs,focusing on identifying the conditions in which the cells are cultivated for the isolation of EVs,how they are characterized,and applications already *** topics reported in this article highlight the incipient status of the studies in the field and the significance of hPSC-EVs’prospective applications as PSC-derived cell-free therapy products.

关键词： Pluripotent stem cells Extracellular vesicles Exosome Cell-free therapy

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Climatic zoning for energy efficiency applications in buildings based on multivariate statistics:The case of the Brazilian semiarid region

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第1期11卷 161-177页

作者： mariana Navarro Benevides David bruno de Sousa Teixeira Joyce Correna Carlo Department of Architecture and Urban Planning Federal University of ViçosaViçosaMG36570-900Brazil Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of ViçosaViçosaMG36570-900Brazil

This study aimed to propose climatic zones in the Brazilian semiarid region using multivariate statistical techniques and to characterize these zones for energy efficiency applications in *** component analysis(PCA)was used to select the variables with the greatest practical *** this selection,hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA)was used to spatially define climatically homogeneous *** each defined zone,the most feasible constructive thermal conditioning strategies were defined,and the thermal indexes of heat and degree-hours of cooling and heating were *** result,PCA reduced the dimensionality of the initial database from 104 to 48 variables,among which the climatic and bioclimatic variables related to temperature stood *** the HCA,three climatic zones were defined for the Brazilian semiarid *** all zones,there was a high demand for constructive conditioning strategies,which have to be adopted in more than half of the total annual *** proposed zoning is adapted to the climatic aspects of the Brazilian semiarid and has significant potential for applications in construction planning in this ***,the methodology presented can be applied for establishing climatic zones in other regions,which can contribute to increasing the energy efficiency of buildings.

关键词： Principal component analysis Hierarchical cluster analysis Psychrometric chart Heat index Degree-hours

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Same place, different time, head up: multiple antipredator responses to a recolonizing apex predator

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Current Zoology 2023年第6期69卷 703-717页

作者： bruno Esattore Agnese Carlotta Rossi Francesco Bazzoni Chiara Riggio Raquel Oliveira Ivan Leggiero Francesco Ferretti Department of Ethology Institute of Animal SciencePratelstvi 81510400UhrinevesPragueCzech Republic Department of Ethology and Companion Animal Science Faculty of AgrobiologyFood and Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life SciencesKamycka 12916500SuchdolPragueCzech Republic Department of Life Sciences Research Unit of Behavioral EcologyEthology and Wildlife ManagementUniversity of SienaVia Pier Andrea Mattioli 453100SienaItaly NBFC National Biodiversity Future CenterPalermo 90133Italy

Prey adjust their antipredator behavioral tactics to minimize the risk of an encounter with *** responses of prey to pred-ators have been reported,but the nature of antipredator response is not ubiquitous and it is the object of increasing interest,especially consid-ering the recent recovery of large carnivores in Europe,and the potential for behavioral antipredator responses to elicit consequences at the ecosystem *** have tested multiple antipredator responses by fallow deer Dama dama to wolf Canis lupus in a mediterranean protected area recently recolonized by this apex *** intensive camera trapping,we tested for temporal and spatial association between predator and prey,and we have also studied deer vigilance in forest habitats where focal observations are usually *** detection rates were spatially associated with those of fallow ***,no evidence was found for fallow deer avoiding sites with higher predator detection *** activity patterns were significantly different between the 2 species,with the wolf being mainly nocturnal whereas fallow deer was active especially during daylight.A comparison with a preliminary study strongly suggests an increase in the diurnal activity of fallow deer along with the stabilization of wolf presence in the *** the rate and the duration of vigilance of female fallow deer increased with the local frequency of wolf *** suggest an antipredator response based on temporalrather than spatialavoidance,as well as increasedvigilance.

关键词： antipredator responses deer interspecific interactions temporal patterns vigilance

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Exploring the factors influencing the hydrological response of soil after low and high-severity fires with post-fire mulching in mediterranean forests

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第1期11卷 169-182页

作者： manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja Pedro Antonio Plaza-Alvarez Xiangzhou Xu bruno Gianmarco Carra Demetrio Antonio Zema Castlla La mancha University School of Advanced Agricultural and Forestry Engineering.Department of Agroforestry Technology and Science and GeneticsCampus Universitario s/nE-02071AlbaceteSpain "mediterranea"University of Reggio Calabria Department"AGRARIA"Localita Feo di VitoI-89122Reggio CalabriaItaly Institute of Environmental and Water Resources School of Hydraulic EngineeringDalian University of Technology2Ling GongGanjingziDalian116024China

Despite ample literature,the influence of the individual soil properties and covers on the hydrological response of burned soils of forests has not clearly identified.A clear understanding of the surface runoff and erosion rates altered by wildfires and prescribed fires is beneficial to identify the most suitable post-fire treatment This study has carried out a combined analysis of the hydrological response of soil and its driving factors in burned forests of Central-Eastern *** pine stands of these forests were subjected to both prescribed fire and wildfire,and,in the latter case,to post-fire treatment with ***,simple multi-regression models are proposed to predict runoff and erosion in the experi-mental *** the case of the prescribed burning,the fire had a limited impact on runoff and erosion compared to the unburned areas,due to the limited changes in soil *** contrast,the wildfire increased many-fold the runoff and erosion rates,but the mulching reduced the hydrological response of the burned soils,particularly for the first two-three rainfalls after the *** increase in runoff and erosion after the wildfire was associated to the removal of the vegetation cover,soil water repellency,and ash left by fire;the changes in water infiltration played a minor role on runoff and *** multi-regression models developed for the prescribed fire were accurate to predict the post-fire runoff ***,these models were less reliable for predictions of the mean erosion *** predictions of erosion after wildfire and mulching were excellent,while those of runoff were not satisfactory(except for the mean values).These results are useful to better understand the relations among the hydrological effects of fire on one side and the main soil properties and covers on the other ***,the proposed prediction models are useful to support the planning activities of forest managers and hydrologists towards a more ef

关键词： Wildhre Prescribed fire Soil cover Soil properties Soil water repellency Infiltration rate Surface runoff Soil loss Erosion

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Carbon concentrations and carbon storage capacity of three old-growth forests in the Sila National Park,Southern Italy

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 233-242页

作者： Giovanni Di matteo Giuseppe Luzzi Antonio Basile Angelo Sposato Giada Bertini Ulderico Neri bruno Pennelli Rosario Napoli Pierfrancesco Nardi Consiglio per la ricerca e l’analisi dell’economia agraria Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment(CREA-AA)Via della Navicella 2-400184 RomeItaly Sila National Park Via NazionaleLorica Di San Giovanni in Fiore87055 CosenzaItaly Consiglio per la ricerca e l’analisi dell’economia agraria Research Centre for Forestry and Wood(CREA-FL)Viale Santa Margherita 8052100 ArezzoItaly

Old-growth forests play a key-role in reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) concentrations by storing large CO_(2)amounts in biomass and soil over *** quantifies the carbon pool into different forest compartments in three mediterranean old-growth forests of Southern Italy populated by Pinus laricio,Fagus sylvatica and Abies *** carbon pools have been assessed per compartment,i.e.,living trees,dead wood,litterfall(foliar and woody),roots and 0-20 cm topsoil,combining the whole old-growth forest mass,(i.e.,using tree allometric relationships,deadwood factor conversions,root-to-shoot ratios,litterfall and soil samplings) by the respective organic carbon *** results show the considerable capacity of these forest ecosystems in storing CO_(2)in biomass and soil,with carbon pool values ranging from 532.2to 596.5 mg C *** trees and 0-20 cm topsoil had larger carbon pool,contributing 53.0 and 22.1%,*** most cases,organic carbon concentration was higher(more than 60%) than the average carbon conversion rate of 50%,especially in living trees,deadwood,and woody *** study contributes further scientific evidence of the capacity of old-growth forests in storing CO_(2)in their different compartments,with special evidence on tree biomass,litterfall and mineral soil,thereby highlighting the key role of old-growth forests within the challenge of climate change mitigation.

关键词： Ecosystem carbon pool Organic carbon concentration Ecosystem compartment Climate change mitigation Carbon forestry

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