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Effect of biochar fertilizers on amino acid variability of Secale cereale and Lupinus angustifolius

Biochar 2019年第2期1卷 187-201页

作者： Katja Wiedner Corinna Schimpf Steven Polifka bruno glaser Soil Biogeochemistry Institute of Agronomy and Nutritional SciencesMartin Luther University Halle-WittenbergVon-Seckendorff-Platz 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany

Little is known on the effects of biochar on N uptake and amino acid variability in crops such as winter rye and narrow-leafed lupine despite the fact that amino acids are important indicators,for food quality and plant stress.N uptake of both crops showed contrasting results when treated with different biochar *** amino acid contents referred to total nitro-gen generally tend to decrease in rye grains in the presence of biochar;whereas lupine seeds were more or less unaffected by biochar combined with mineral fertilizer or *** lupine seeds,total amino acid contents significantly increased when biochar was mixed with digestate but decreased when mixed with fermented ***,one of the most limiting amino acids in cereals,reached the recommended value of 4 g kg^(−1) in rye grain for most biochar *** lupine seeds,lysine decreased when biochar had been applied but were still in the recommended range when used as animal ***,an indicator for plant stress,significantly decreased(−49%)in rye when 2 Mg biochar ha^(−1) was added in combination with mineral *** contrast,proline increased when biochar was added to organic(digestate and compost)fertilizers(up to 43%).Further biochar research should focus much more on food quality,which is a key challenge for global food production.

关键词： Food quality Protein Lupine Winter rye Yield

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Microwave-assisted combustion to produce benzene polycarboxylic acids as molecular markers for biochar identification and quantification

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Biochar 2021年第4期3卷 407-418页

作者： bruno glaser Marie Guenther Heike Maennicke Tobias Bromm Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences Soil BiogeochemistryMartin Luther University Halle-Wittenbergvon-Seckendorff-Platz 306120 HalleGermany

Biochar is a promising carbon dioxide removal(CDR)technology for climate change *** procedures for its determination are lengthy,labor-intensive,and difficult to *** polycarboxylic acids(BPCA)are the most promising molecular markers for identification and quantification of biochar and its quality as they specifically represent the stable polyaromatic backbone of ***,using the BPCA method,its stability and,thus,its C sequestration potential could be used for CDR *** current BPCA method relies on a specific high-pressure digestion apparatus,which is not available around the ***,the aims of the present work were(i)to compare the conventional high-pressure nitric acid oxidation with a microwave-assisted digestion technique and optimize the oxidation conditions in such a way that previous results are comparable with future ones,and(ii)to significantly reduce the digestion time of soil samples of 8 h and to develop a suitable routine method that produces comparable and reproducible *** this purpose,soil and control sample series were prepared for different *** results were compared with the values of the conventional method both for individual samples and for the whole dataset *** ensure the representative-ness of the results,in addition to various soil samples with different properties,we included two reference materials into our data set,one without biochar(wheat flour)and a biochar *** results showed that conventional nitric acid oxidation in the BPCA determination at 170°C and 8 h can be substituted by digestion in a microwave reaction system(CEM Mars6)at 190°C and 1 *** results further showed that this condition needs to be strictly matched,because,otherwise,over-or underestimation of biochar quantity and/or quality will be the *** goal of a less time-consuming BPCA extrac-tion from soil samples was achieved by reducing the extraction t

关键词： Biochar Black carbon Pyrogenic carbon Analysis Molecular marker Microwave-assisted combustion

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Biochar and sugar cane filter cake interaction on physical and hydrological soil properties under tropical field conditions

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Biochar 2020年第2期2卷 195-210页

作者： Sara de Jesus Duarte bruno glaser Blanca Lucia Prado Pano Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri Soil and Plant Nutrition Luiz de Queiroz College of AgricultureUniversity of São PauloAvenida Pádua Dias11-AgronomiaPiracicabaSP 13418-900Brazil Soil Biogeochemistry Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergVon-Seckendorff-Platz 306120 HalleGermany Instituto de Geología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMéxicoD.F.Mexico

Biochar is known for its effects on carbon sequestration and soil ***,there is a lack of information about its effects on soil physical and hydraulic properties for tropical *** assessed the effects of biochar(BC)plus sugar cane filter cake(FC)rate,and time of interaction on soil physical and hydraulic properties under humid tropical *** this purpose,a field experiment was installed at a loamy sandy soil with five treatments and four replicates:control(only soil),25 Mg ha^(−1) sugar cane filter cake,and 25 Mg ha^(−1) sugar cane filter cake plus 6.25,12.5,and 25 Mg ha^(−1) Miscanthus biochar,respectively,two soil depths(0-10 and 10-20 cm)and two times of interaction(9 and 18 months).Physical prop-erties(aggregate stability,bulk density,total porosity,pores size distribution)and hydraulic properties(soil water holding capacity,hydraulic conductivity,plant-available water holding capacity)were measured after nine and eighteen *** bulk density decreased slightly,and the porosity increased after nine months,for the biochar plus sugar cane filter cake(both 25 Mg ha^(−1)).After 18 months,biochar plus filter cake interaction increase micropores,aggregate stability,and plant-available water *** hydraulic conductivity was not influenced by sugar cane filter ***,biochar significantly reduced saturated hydraulic conductivity when combined with sugar cane filter cake after 18 *** concluded that sugar cane filter cake in combination with biochar modified the pore size distribution,slightly increased plant-available water holding capacity,and significantly decreased saturated hydraulic conductivity.

关键词： Water retention Hydraulic conductivity Miscanthus biochar Soil physics

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