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Analysis of Cocaine and Crack Cocaine via Thin Layer Chromatography Coupled to Easy Ambient Sonic-Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2011年第6期2卷 658-664页

作者： bruno D.Sabino Wanderson Romao Morena L.Sodre Deleon n.Correa Denise B.Rocha Pinto Fabio O.M.Alonso Marcos n.Eberlin Institute of Criminalistic Carlos Eboli Rio de JaneiroBrazil national Institute of Metrology Standardization and Industrial QualityAv.N.Sra.das GracasDuque de CaxiasBrasil ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory Institute of ChemistryUniversity of CampinasCampinasBrazil

Cocaine and crack cocaine are usually seized with a great diversity of adulterants, such as benzocaine, lidocaine, caffeine, and procaine. The forensic identification of cocaine in these drug mixtures is normally performed using colorimetric testing kits, but these tests may suffer from interferences providing false-positive or false-negatives. In this work, we describe the use of thin layer chromatography coupled to easy sonic-spray ambient ionization mass spectrometry (TLC/EASI-MS) for rapid and secure analysis of cocaine and crack cocaine. Fifteen cocaine samples were analyzed, and all of them revealed positive TLC/EASI-MS results for cocaine, but other drugs and adulterants were also detected such as lidocaine, caffeine, benzocaine, lactose, benzoylecgonine, and ecgonidine. False positives and false negatives, as judged by the TLC Rf values, were identified via on-spot characterization by EASI-MS. The TLC/EASI-MS combination seems therefore to provide an appropriate technique for secure forensic investigations of illicit drugs.

关键词： Cocaine Crack TLC Illicit Drug EASI-MS

Pre-transplant treatment of large polycystic kidney

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World Journal of Clinical Urology 2016年第1期5卷 66-71页

作者： Iván D Sáez Juan F de la Llera Andrés Tapia Rodrigo A Chacón Pedro A Figueroa bruno I Vivaldi Alfredo Domenech Christopher D Horn Fernando Coz Department of Urology Military Hospital Facultad de Medicina Universidad de los Andes

AIM: To evaluate the indications, optimal timing andoutcomes of native nephrectomy and other techniques in pretransplant treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(PKD).METHODS: A literature review was conducted using the Pub Med and Epistemonikos databases. Keywords for pre-transplant surgical management of polycystic kidneys were: Transplant, treatment and PKD. Keywords for pre-treatment embolization of PKD were: Embolization, transplant and polycystic kidney disease. The inclusion criterions were all articles found using this search method. The exclusion criterions were articles found to include bias and not attending pre-transplant treatment options. Fifteen articles were included in our final analysis. Ten articles were found regarding embolization of PKD of which three reviews were selected for final analysis. The reviews were divided into pre transplant and intra transplant treatment for the surgical treatment of PKD. All articles meeting inclusion criteria were thoroughly analyzed by two independent reviewers. A third independent reviewer was consulted if the reviewers did not agree upon the inclusion or exclusion of a specific article. no statistical analysis was ***: Studies vary regarding the technique used(open or laparoscopic), laterality(single or bilateral) and temporality of nephrectomy with respect to renal transplant(pre-transplant or simultaneous to transplant). Several groups argue in favor of simultaneous nephrectomy and kidney transplant since it avoids the deleterious effects of being anefric. Long-term results and patient satisfaction are acceptable. However, it is associated with increased operative time, transfusion rate, morbidity and length of hospital stay. Based on small sample studies, bilateral nephrectomy prior to transplant has been associated with a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. Studies on laparoscopic approach report it as a feasible and safe alternative to the open surgery approach, highligh

关键词： Polycystic Kidneys Kidney transplant End stage renal disease Kidney embolization

Routine invasive strategy and frailty burden in non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第10期21卷 954-961页

作者： Albert Ariza-Solé Juan Andrés Bermeo Francesc Formiga Héctor Bueno Gemma Miñana Oriol Alegre David Martí Manuel Martínez-Sellés Laura Domínguez-Pérez Pablo Díez-Villanueva JoséA Barrabés Francisco Marín Adolfo Villa Marcelo Sanmartín Cinta Llibre Alessandro Sionís Antoni Carol Sergio García-Blas María JoséMorales Gallardo Jaime Elízaga Iván Gómez-Blázquez Fernando Alfonso bruno García Del Blanco Julio núñez Juan Sanchis Cardiology Department Hospital Universitari de BellvitgeL’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain Internal Medicine Department Hospital Universitari de BellvitgeL’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain Centro nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares(CnIC) MadridSpain.Cardiology DepartmentHospital 12 de Octubreand Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre(imas12)MadridCIBERCVMadridSpain.Universidad ComplutenseMadridSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Clínico Universitario de ValenciaINCLIVAUniversidad de ValenciaCIBERCVValenciaSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Central de la DefensaMadridSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Universitario Gregorio MarañónCIBERCVUniversidad ComplutenseUniversidad EuropeaMadridSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Universitario La PrincesaIIS-IPCIBERCVMadridSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Universitari Vall d’HebronCIBERCVBarcelonaSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Virgen de la ArrixacaCIBERCVEl PalmarMurciaSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Universitario del SuresteArganda del ReyMadridSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Ramon y CajalCIBERCVMadridSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Germans Trias i PujolCIBERCVBadalonaBarcelonaSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Sant PauCIBERCVBarcelonaSpain Cardiology Department Hospital Moisés BroggiSant Joan DespíBarcelonaSpain

Objective To assess the prognostic impact of a routine invasive strategy according to the frailty burden in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(nSTEMI)from the MOSCA-FRAIL clinical *** The MOSCA-FRAIL trial randomized 167 frail patients,defined by a Clinical Frailty Scale(CFS)≥4,with nSTEMI to an invasive or conservative *** primary endpoint was the number of days alive and out of hospital(DAOH)one year after *** this subanalysis,we compared the impact of an invasive strategy on the outcomes between vulnerable(CFS=4,n=43)and frail(CFS>4,n=124)*** Compared to vulnerable patients,frail patients presented lower values of DAOH(289.8 vs.320.6,P=0.146),more read-missions(1.03 vs.0.58,P=0.046)and higher number of days spent at the hospital during the first year(10.8 vs.3.8,P=0.014).The cau-ses of readmission were mostly non-cardiac(56%).Among vulnerable patients,DAOH were similar regardless of strategy(invasive ***:325.7 vs.314.7,P=0.684).Among frailest patients,the invasive group tended to have less DAOH(267.7 vs.311.1,P=0.117).Indeed,patients with CFS>4,invasively managed lived 29 days less than their conservative *** contrast,the-re were no differences in the subgroup with CFS=*** Adult patients with frailty and nSTEMI showed different prognosis according to the degree of frailty.A routine in-vasive strategy does not improve outcomes and might be harmful to the frailest patients.

关键词： routine invasive infarction

Pledget-assisted hemostasis to fix residual access-site bleedings after double pre-closure technique

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World Journal of Cardiology 2022年第5期14卷 297-306页

作者： Francesco Burzotta Cristina Aurigemma Mila Kovacevic Enrico Romagnoli Stefano Cangemi Francecso Bianchini Marialisa nesta Piergiorgio bruno Carlo Trani Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiovascolari Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome 00168Italy Faculty of Medicine University of Novi SadNovi SadSerbia Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of Vojvodina Cardiology ClinicSremska KamenicaSerbia

BACKGROUnD The use of pre-closure suture-based devices represents a widely access-site hemostasis technique in percutaneous transfemoral transcatheter-aortic-valvereplacement(TF-TAVR);yet this technique is associated with the risk of a device failure that may result in clinically relevant residual ***,a bailout intervention is *** far,the best management of pre-closure device failure has not been *** To report the first clinical results obtained using a novel bailout hemostasis technique for patients with double suture-based vascular closure device failure in the setting of *** We developed a“pledget-assisted hemostasis”technique to manage residual access-site *** consists of the insertion of a surgical,non-absorbable,polytetrafluoroethylene pledget over the sutures of the two ProGlide(Abbott Vascular,CA,United States).The ProGlide’s knot-pushers are used to push down the pledget and the hand-made slipknot to seal the femoral artery *** technique was used as a bailout strategy in patients undergoing TF-TAVR with a systematic double pre-closure ***-procedural access-site angiography was systematically ***-hospital complications were systematically detected and classified according to Valve Academic Research Consortium-2 *** Out of 136 consecutive patients who underwent TF-TAVR,15 patients(mean age 80.0±7.2 years,66.7%female)with access-site bleeding after double pre-closure technique failure were treated by pledget-assisted *** the majority of patients,16F sheath was used(n=12;80%).In 2 cases(13%),a peripheral balloon was also inflated in the iliac artery to limit blood loss during pledget ***-confirmed hemostasis(primary efficacy endpoint)was achieved in all *** the procedure,1 patient required blood transfusion(2 units),and no other bleeding or major ischemic complication was *** The“pledget assisted hemostasis”might be con

关键词： Transcatheter aortic valve replacement Transcatheter aortic valve implantation Vascular complications Preclosure device Pledget Hemostasis Personalized medicine

Driving factors behind multiple populations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 172-181页

作者： Ruoyun Huang Baitian Tang Chengyuan Li Doug Geisler Mario Mateo Ying-Yi Song Holger Baumgardt Julio A.Carballo-Bello Yue Wang Jundan nie bruno Dias JoséG.Fernández-Trincado School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China CSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Zhuhai 519082China Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile Instituto de Investigación Multidisciplinario en Ciencia y Tecnología Universidad de La SerenaLa SerenaChile Departamento de Astronomía Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de La SerenaChile Department of Astronomy University of MichiganAnn Arbor 48109USA David A.Dunlap Department of Astronomy&Astrophysics University of TorontoToronto ON M5S 3H4Canada Dunlap Institute for Astronomy&Astrophysics University of TorontoToronto ON M5S 3H4Canada School of Mathematics and Physics The University of QueenslandSt.Lucia QLD 4072Australia Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de TarapacáAricaChile CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Instituto de Astrofísica Departamento de Ciencias FísicasFacultad de Ciencias ExactasUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile Instituto de Astronomía Universidad Católica del NorteAntofagastaChile

Star clusters were historically considered simple stellar populations,with all stars sharing the same age and initial chemical ***,the presence of chemical anomalies in globular clusters(GCs),called multiple stellar populations(MPs),has challenged star formation theories in dense *** studies show that mass,metallicity,and age are likely controlling parameters for the manifestation of *** the limit between clusters with/without MPs in physical parameter space is crucial to reveal the driving mechanism behind their *** this study,we look for MP signals in Whiting 1,which is traditionally considered a young *** the Magellan telescope,we obtained low-resolution spectra withinλλ=3850-5500?for eight giants of Whiting *** measured the C and n abundances from the Cn and CH spectral indices.C and n abundances have variations comparable with their measurement errors(~0.1 dex),suggesting that MPs are absent from Whiting *** these findings with literature studies,we propose a limit in the metallicity *** compactness index parameter space,which relatively clearly separates star clusters with/without MPs(GCs/open clusters).This limit is physically *** a larger scale,the galactic environment determines cluster compactness and metallicity,leading to metal-rich,diffuse,old clusters formed ex *** proposed limit also impacts our understanding of the formation of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy:star clusters formed after the first starburst(age≤8-10 Gyr).These clusters are simple stellar populations because the enriched galactic environment is no longer suitable for MP formation.

关键词： stellar galactic galaxy

Decreased cross-sectional muscle area in male patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma and peritumoral collateral vessels

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World Journal of Radiology 2022年第4期14卷 82-90页

作者： Federico Greco bruno Beomonte Zobel Carlo Augusto Mallio UnitàOperativa Complessa Diagnostica per Immagini Territoriale Aziendale Cittadella della Salute Azienda Sanitaria Locale di LecceLecce 73100Italy Unit of Diagnostic Imaging UniversitàCampus Bio-Medico di RomaRome 00128Italy

BACKGROUnD Sarcopenia is the loss of skeletal muscle mass(SMM)and is a sign of cancer *** with advanced renal cell carcinoma(RCC)may show *** To evaluate the amount of SMM in male clear cell RCC(ccRCC)patients with and without collateral *** In this study,we included a total of 124 male Caucasian patients divided into two groups:ccRCCa group without collateral vessels(n=54)and ccRCCp group with collateral vessels(n=70).Total abdominal muscle area(TAMA)was measured in both groups using a computed tomography imaging-based *** measures were also corrected for age in order to rule out age-related *** There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of TAMA(Pn by a reduction in patients with peritumoral collateral *** result was confirmed by repeating the analysis with values corrected for age(Pndicating no age effect on our *** This study showed a decreased TAMA in ccRCC patients with peritumoral collateral *** presence of peritumoral collateral vessels adjacent to ccRCC might be a fine diagnostic clue to sarcopenia.

关键词： Cancer cachexia Body composition Clear cell renal cell carcinoma Collateral vessels Kidney cancer Sarcopenia

Internalized symptoms in adolescence as predictors of mental health in adulthood in the northern Swedish cohort

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Health 2013年第7期5卷 1164-1171页

作者： Helen RWinefield Anne Hammarstrom Karina nygren bruno Hagglof School of Psychology University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine Division of Family MedicineUmea UniversityUmeaSweden Department of Clinical Sciences Division of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryUmea UniversityUmeaSweden

Although mental health symptoms in children and adolescents are shown to predict young adult mental health outcomes, long-term prospective studies of childhood cohorts are few. The aim of the present study was to analyze the prospective importance of internalized mental health symptoms in adolescence for internalized symptoms in adulthood. Methods: A community-based prospective longitudinal cohort provided information by questionnaire about psychological status at age 16 and 43 (n=1010, representing 94.3% of those still alive). Socio-demographic variables which were indicative of possible childhood adversity (parental class, absence, illness, unemployment, relationship, crowding, number of moves) were treated as confounders and controlled for in ordinal regression. Results: For both women and men, internalizing mental health symptoms reported at 16 significantly predicted the same outcome at 43 years, after controlling for previous adverse environmental conditions (OR =1.2 for women, 1.3 for men). Conclusion: In this representative cohort studied over 27 years with excellent retention rates, the occurrence of self-reported worry, panic and sadness in mid-adolescence significantly increased the likelihood of similar states in middle adulthood.

关键词： Mental Health Internalizing Symptoms Adolescence Middle Adulthood

numerical Study of a Cylindro-Parabolic Cooker “Blazing Tube”

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第11期12卷 1783-1795页

作者： Boureima Dianda Mibienpan Ki Wende Pouiré Germain Ouédraogo nébon Bado Sikoudouin Maurice Thierry Ky bruno Korgo Sié Kam Dieudonné Joseph Bathiebo national Center for Scientific and Technological Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Renewable Thermal Energies University Josph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Higher School of Engineering (ESI) University of Fada N’Gourma Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso

The objective of this work is to numerically determine the thermal performance of the parabolic cylinder cooker commonly “blazing tube”. These performances were determined by establishing heat balances at the different levels of the system. The equations obtained have been discretized;simplifying assumptions have been made to facilitate their resolution. We adopted Gauss Seidel’s method using MATLAB software to solve these equations. The temperatures of the coolant, the glass and the absorber were determined as a function of time and along the tube. The thermal efficiency was also determined. It emerged that the different temperatures evolve linearly as a function of the length of the tube. Yield and temperatures depend on the amount of sunshine.

关键词： Solar Cooker Heat Transfer Fluid Temperature Yield Sunshine

Agriculture and Soil Management in the Context of Sustainable Development in the Sudano-Sahelian Zone of Cameroon

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第11期11卷 171-191页

作者： Sidsi Bienvenu Vounba Claudine Bahouro Arka Kolaouna bruno Labara Institut of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD) Agricultural Research Center (CRA) in Maroua Maroua Came-roon Chadian Institute of Agronomic Research for Development (ITRAD) N’Djamena Chad

The Sudanian-Sahelian zone of the Far-north Cameroon faces an extreme climate challenge resulting in increased vulnerability to erosion, soil degradation, and the effects of climate change, impacting soil fertility and agricultural yields. The objective of this study was to analyze agricultural practices, challenges related to climate change and soil degradation, as well as the solutions adopted by farmers to address these issues. To achieve this, 600 farmers from the six departments of the region were interviewed. The results highlight the significant impact of climatic conditions on soil health, agricultural activities, and food security. Farmers identified various indicators of soil degradation, including agricultural yields, bioindicator plants, plant growth, soil fauna, and root density. The main causes of soil degradation are associated with practices such as deforestation, intensive agriculture, the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, overgrazing, and the effects of climate change. The impacts of this degradation are multiple, including soil fertility loss, reduced agricultural yields, deforestation, reduced biodiversity, income loss, water resource pollution, and food insecurity. In response to these challenges, farmers have adopted sustainable soil management practices, including crop rotation, intercropping, fallowing, the use of organic fertilizers, and the adoption of conservation agriculture. To effectively address these challenges, concerted collaboration between farmers, civil society organizations, and government authorities is imperative to develop sustainable and effective solutions against soil degradation in the region.

关键词： Agriculture Soil Degradation Climate Change Food Security Sudanian-Sahelian Zone Cameroon