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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第21期5卷 3140-3150页

作者： Wilder D.Santiago Maria das G.Cardoso Juliana de A.Santiago Marcos S.Gomes leonardo M.A.Rodrigues Rafaela M.Brandao Rodolfo R.Cardoso Gabriel B.d’Avila bruno l.da silva Alex R.S.Caetano Department of Chemistry Federal University of LavrasLavrasBrazil Department of Food Science Federal University of LavrasLavrasBrazil

Aging is a stage of the cacha&ccedila production process in which several chemical reactions occur between compounds extracted from the wood and other compounds present on the beverage. In an attempt to establish a pr... 详细信息

Aging is a stage of the cachaça production process in which several chemical reactions occur between compounds extracted from the wood and other compounds present on the beverage. In an attempt to establish a profile regarding the chemical characterization of aged cachaças, phenolic compounds have been studied because of the specific characteristics of each wood species and their known antioxidant properties. This work sought to assess and compare the development of 12 phenolic compounds in cachaças aged in oak (Quercus sp) and amburana (Amburana cearenses) barrels during a period of 12 months. There was a progressive increase in the concentration of phenolic compounds in the beverage for both of the types of wood. The principal compounds encountered in the cachaça aged in oak barrels were gallic acid, syringaldehyde and syringic acid, while vanillic acid, syringaldehyde, sinapic acid and gallic acid were isolated from that aged in amburana barrels.

关键词： Beverage Aging Phenolic Compounds liquid Chromatography

Taxing Digital Economy:A Critical View around the GloBE(Pillar Two)

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Frontiers of law in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2020年第2期15卷 111-141页

作者： bruno da silva University of Amsterdam AmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Centre for Tax law University of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1018WB

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)proposal for taxation of digital economy constitutes one of the most ambitious projects in the field of taxation and may lead to the most significant reform to international tax rules in the 20th *** on a two-pillar approach,Pillar Two of the proposal suggests the adoption of Global Anti-Base Erosion(GloBE)provisions that are aimed at introducing a worldwide minimum *** this article,a critical analysis is based that the GloBE proposal suggests that it represents a shift in the OECD *** compared to base erosion and profit shifting(BEPS),it jeopardizes the tax sovereignty of jurisdictions and it raises fundamental challenges of implementation,both in terms of amendments to domestic law and conflicts with tax treaties.

关键词： Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD) base erosion and profit shifting(BEPS) digital economy,minimum tax Pillar Two Global Anti-Base Erosion(GloBE) Global Intangible low-Taxed Income(GIlTI) Base Erosion Anti-Abuse Tax(BEAT) tax treaties

EVOlUTION OF THE BENEFICIAl OWNERSHIP CONCEPT： MORE THAN HAlF OF CENTURY OF UNCERTAINTY AND WHAT HISTORY CAN TEll US

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Frontiers of law in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2017年第4期12卷 501-523页

作者： bruno da silva Ph.D. in International Tax law Faculty of Law University of Amsterdam Amsterdam

The beneficial ownership concept has constituted for more than half a century one of the most fundamental and debated issues in the application of tax treaties. This article goes back to routes of this term explaining the reason of its original inclusion in the OECD Model Tax Convention and why ultimately such inclusion may have not been necessary. Then it analyses the historical developments of beneficial ownership in the OECD Model Tax Convention. For that purpose it considers different interpretations adopted by jurisdictions （particularly in China） and local courts delving into some of the landmark cases on the subject. Finally it provides a detailed analysis of the current meaning of beneficial ownership considering the most recent developments in the Commentary to the OECD Model Tax Convention.

关键词： beneficial ownership OECD Model Tax Convention Commentary,interpretation case-law China

Medicinal plants from the Brazilian Amazonian region and their antileishmanial activity:a review

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第4期16卷 211-222页

作者： bruno Jose Martins da silva Amanda Anastacia Pinto Hage Edilene Oliveira silva Ana Paula Drummond Rodrigues laboratory of Parasitology and laboratory of Structural Biology Institute of Biological SdencesFederal University of PardBelemPard 66075-110Brazil National Institute of Science and Technology in Structural Biology and Bioimaging Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-901Brazil laboratory of Electron Microscopy Department of Health SurveillanceMinistry of HealthEvandro Chagas InstituteBelemPard 66087-082Brazil

leishmaniasis, a neglected disease caused by leishmania protozoans, primarily affects people in tropical and subtropical areas. Chemotherapy based on the use of pentavalent antimonials, amphotericin B, paromomycin, miltefosine and liposomal amphotericin B is currently the only effective treatment. However, adverse effects, long-term treatment and the emergence of parasite resistance have led to the search for alternative treatments. Natural products used in traditional medicine provide an unlimited source of molecules for the identification of new drugs, and the Amazon region has abundant biodiversity that includes several species of plants and animals, providing a rich source of new products and com- pounds. Although the literature describes numerous promising compounds and extracts for combating leishmania protozoans, the results of such research have not been embraced by the pharmaceutical industry for the development of new drugs. Therefore, this review focused on the antileishmanial activity of extracts, isolated compounds and essential oils commonly used by the local population in the Brazilian Amazonian region to treat several illnesses and described in the literature as promising compounds for combating leishmaniasis.

关键词： Amazonian plants leishmaniasis treatment Plant compounds Plant extracts Plant oils

Sociodemographic,biological,and psychosocial correlates of light-and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity during school time,recesses,and physical education classes

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 177-182页

作者： bruno G.G.da Costa Kelly S.da silva Jaqueline A.da silva Giseli Minatto luiz R.A.de lima Edio l.Petroski Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health Federal University of Santa Catarina Department of Physical Education Federal University of Santa Catarina Research Centre in Kineanthropometry and Human Development Federal University of Santa Catarina

Background: Identifying factors associated with physical activity(PA) is useful in planning interventions and policies. The aim of this study was to identify sociodemographic, biological, and psychosocial factors associated with PA performed in school ***: data collected for the present study included gender, age, socioeconomic status, body fat percentage, aerobic fitness, self-efficacy, attitudes,peer and parental support, and perception of school environment. Dependent variables were light-intensity PA(lPA) and moderate-to-vigorousintensity PA(MVPA) performed during school time, recesses, and physical education(PE) classes. Multiple regression analyses were ***: Participating adolescents(n = 567, 53% female, 12.9 ± 5.3 years) spent 5% of school time in MVPA and 27% in lPA, 15% of recesses in MVPA and 44% in lPA, and 16% of PE classes in MVPA and 41% in lPA. Boys engaged in more MVPA in all categories. Age was inversely related with MVPA and lPA in all periods, whereas body fat percentage was inversely related with MVPA in school time and PE classes. Attitude was inversely related with MVPA in all periods and with lPA in recesses. Considering PA to be good and enjoyable was positively associated with MVPA in school ***: Adolescents spent little time in PA during school. Future interventions should implement enjoyable activities at school.

关键词： Accelerometer Adolescents Attitude Physical education Public health Self-efficacy

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of leaf extracts from Annona tomentosa ***

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第5期15卷 379-387页

作者： lilian Uchoa Carneiro Ilna Gomes da silva Mirian Eliza Alves de Souza Wellington da silva Cortes Mário Geraldo de Carvalho bruno Guimaraes Marinho Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences Institute of Biological and Health SciencesFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil laboratory of Pharmacology Department of Physiological SciencesInstitute of Biological Sciences and HealthFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil Postgraduate Program in Chemistry Department of ChemistryInstitute of Exact SciencesFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil

OBJECTIVE：Annona tomentosa *** is a species not endemic to Brazil that belongs to the phytogeographic areas of the Amazon,Cerrado and *** known as“araticum rasteiro”or“araticum de moita”,*** is edible and tea made from the leaves has been used as an antiinflammatory by native *** is no scientific evidence for these uses of ***,especially those related to the control of pain and *** this reason,in the present study we evaluated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of partitions from the methanolic extract of *** leaves（*** leaf methanolic extract（ATFM）in hexane partition：ATFM-H;ATFM in dichloromethane partition：ATFM-D;ATFM in ethyl acetate partition：ATFM-Ac;ATFM in butanol partition：ATFM-B）in ***：The antinociceptive effects of leaf extracts from *** were evaluated by abdominal writhing and tail-flick tests,while the anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by paw oedema and air-pouch *** locomotor activity was evaluated with the open-field ***,we evaluated the possible action mechanism of ***,using naloxone,nitro-l-arginine methyl ester,glibenclamide,atropine,naltrindole and norbinaltorphimine in tail-flick *** productions of tumor necrosis factorα（TNF-α）and interleukin（Il）-1βwere also ***：The chromatographic fractionation of the partitions of the methanolic extract from the leaves of *** revealed the presence of diterpenes,flavonoids,and steroids *** the analysis of the hexane partition kaurenoic acid was identified as the major ***-H and ATFM-D had a significant antinociceptive effect in acute pain models in *** ATFM-H showed central antinociceptive effect from the involvement of theδopioid receptors,without causing alterations in the locomotor activity of the mice,while ATFM-D was effective in decreasing paw oedema and TNF-α and Il-1β ***：These results demon

关键词： Annona tomentosa cytokines opioid nociception

High Order of Accuracy for Poisson Equation Obtained by Grouping of Repeated Richardson Extrapolation with Fourth Order Schemes

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第8期128卷 699-715页

作者： luciano Pereira da silva bruno Benato Rutyna Aline Roberta Santos Righi Marcio Augusto Villela Pinto Graduate Program in Numerical Methods in Engineering Federal University of ParanaCuritiba81531-980Brazil Graduate Program in Space Sciences and Technologies Aeronautics Institute of TechnologySao Jose dos Campos12228-900Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of ParanaCuritiba81531-980Brazil

In this article,we improve the order of precision of the two-dimensional Poisson equation by combining extrapolation techniques with high order *** high order solutions obtained traditionally generate non-sparse matrices and the calculation time is very *** can obtain sparse matrices by applying compact *** this article,we compare compact and exponential finite difference schemes of fourth *** numerical solutions are calculated in quadruple precision(Real*16 or extended precision)in FORTRAN language,and iteratively obtained until reaching the round-off error magnitude around 1.0E−*** procedure is performed to ensure that there is no iteration *** Repeated Richardson Extrapolation(RRE)method combines numerical solutions in different grids,determining higher orders of *** main contribution of this work is based on a process that initializes with fourth order solutions combining with RRE in order to find solutions of sixth,eighth,and tenth order of *** multigrid Full Approximation Scheme(FAS)is also applied to accelerate the convergence and obtain the numerical solutions on the fine grids.

关键词： Tenth order accuracy RRE compact scheme exponential scheme multigrid finite difference

Characterization of porous cobalt hexacyanoferrate and activated carbon electrodes under dynamic polarization conditions in a sodium-ion pseudocapacitor

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第3期30卷 53-62页

作者： bruno Morandi Pires Willian Goncalves Nunes bruno Guilherme Freitas Francisca Elenice Rodrigues Oliveira Vera Katic Cristiane Barbieri Rodella leonardo Morais da silva Hudson Zanin Advanced Energy Storage Division Manufacturing CroupCarbon Sci-Tech LabsCenter for Innovation on New EnergiesUniversity of CampinasCampinas 13083-852SPBrazil Brazilian Synchrotron light laboratory(lNlS/Brazilian Center of Energy and Materiab(CNPEM)) Campinas 13083-970SPBrazil Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied ElectrochemistryFederal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri's VatleyAlto dajacuba 39100-000Diamantina-MGBrazil

We report here the activated carbon and cobalt hexacyanoferrate composite,which is applied as the electrode materials in symmetric supercapacitors containing a 1.0 M Na_(2)SO_(4) aqueous *** novel material combines high specific surface area and electrochemical stability of activated carbon with the redox properties of cobalt hexacyanoferrate,resulting in maximum specific capacitance of 329 F g^(-1) with large voltage working window of 2.0 *** studies indicated that cobalt hexacyanoferrate introduces important pseudocapacitive properties accounting for the overall charge-storage process,especially when Ilower gravimetric currents(e.g.,0.05 A g^(-1))and up to 1.0 V,the presence of cobalt hexacyanoferrate improves the specific energy for more than 300%.In addition,to better understanding the energy storage process we also provided a careful investigation of the electrode materials under dynamic polarization conditions using the in situ Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron light Xray diffraction *** complementary findings were obtained in these *** believe that this novel electrode material is promising for applications regarding the energy-storage process in pseudocapacitors with long lifespan properties.

关键词： Operando studies Raman XRD synchrotron light Cobalt hexacyanoferrate Activated carbon High specific capacitance

Epidemiology, demographic characteristics and prognostic predictors of ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第28期20卷 9458-9467页

作者： bruno César da silva Andre Castro lyra Raquel Rocha Genoile Oliveira Santana Post-graduate Program in Medicine and Health Federal University of Bahia Gastroenterology Department of the University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos Federal University of Bahia Gastro-Hepatology Service of Hospital S?o Rafael Department of Sciences of Nutrition School of NutritionFederal University of Bahia

Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic disease characterized by diffuse inflammation of the mucosa of the colon and *** hallmark clinical symptom of UC is bloody *** clinical course is marked by exacerbations and remissions,which may occur spontaneously or in response to treatment changes or intercurrent *** is most commonly diagnosed in late adolescence or early adulthood,but it can occur at any *** incidence of UC has increased worldwide over recent decades,especially in developing *** contrast,during this period,therapeutic advances have improved the life expectancy of patients,and there has been a decrease in the mortality rate over *** is important to emphasize that there is considerable variability in the phenotypic presentation of *** this context,certain clinical and demographic characteristics are useful in identifying patients who tend to have more severe evolution of the disease and a poor *** this group of patients,better clinical surveillance and more intensive therapy may change the natural course of the *** aim of this article was to review the epidemiology and demographic characteristics of UC and the factors that may be associated with its clinical prognosis.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Incidence Prevalence Risk factors Predictive factors

In vitro antileishmanial effects of Physalis angulata root extract on leishmania infantum

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第6期16卷 404-410页

作者： bruno Jose Martins da silva Sandro Wilson Gomes Pereira Ana Paula Drummond Rodrigues Jose luiz Martins Do Nascimento Edilene Oliveira silva laboratory of Structural Biology Institute of Biological SciencesFederal University of PardBelemPard 66075-110Brazil National Institute of Science and Technology in Structural Biology and Bioimaging(INCT-INBEB) Rio de Janeiro 21941-901Brazil laboratory of Electron Microscopy Department of Health SurveillanceMinistry of HealthEvandro Chagas InstituteBelemPard 66087-082Brazil laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurochemistry Institute of Biological SciencesFederal University of PardBelemPard 66075-110Brazil National Institute of Science and Technology in Neuroimmunomodulation(INCT-NIM) Rio de Janeiro 21040-360Brazil

Objective： In the present study, we evaluated the effects of the aqueous extract of Physalis angulata root （AEPa） on leishmania infanturn proliferation, morphology, and the driving mechanism in leishmanicidal activity and modulatory action on macrophages. Methods： I., infantum promastigotes were treated with 50 and 100 μg/ml AEPa for 72 h and then antipro- mastigote assay was performed by counts in a Newbauer chamber, morphological changes were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and the mechanism of the leishmanicidal activity was detected. In addition, macrophages were infected with l. infantum and were used to evaluate anti-amastigote activity of AEPa and effects of AEPa on cytokine secretion after 72-hour treatment. Results： Treatment with AEPa reduced the numbers ofl infantum promastigotes （50% inhibitory concen- tration （ICso） = 65.9μg/ml; selectivity index （SI）= 22.1） and amastigotes （ICso = 37.9 μg/ml; SI = 38.5） compared with the untreated control. Amphotericin B reduced 100% of the promastigote numbers after 72 h of treatment （IC50 = 0.2μg/ml）. AEPa induced several morphological changes and increased the production of reactive oxygen species and apoptotic death in promastigotes after treating for 72 h. AEPa （100 μg/ml） promoted tumor necrosis factor-α secretion in macrophages infected with l. infantum after 72 h of treatment, but did not induce an increase in this cytokine in noninfected macrophages. In addition, AEPa showed no cytotoxic effect on J774-A1 cells （50% cytotoxic concentration 〉1000μg/ml）. Conclusion： AEPa presented antileishmanial activity against the promastigotes and amastigotes of I.. infantum without macrophage cytotoxicity; these results show that natural products such as P. angulata have leishmanicidal potential and in the future may be an alternative treatment for leishmaniasis.

关键词： leishmanicidal activity leishmania infantum Reactive oxygen species Apoptosis Physalis angulata