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Evaluation of Storage Potential of <i>Jatropha curcas</i>L. Seeds

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第12期8卷 3013-3023页

作者： Henrique Duarte Vieira Alessandra Olmo Dardengo Márcia Terezinha Ramos de Oliveira Pedro Amorim Berbert bruno borges deminicis State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro UENF Campos dos Goytacazes Brazil Federal University of Southern Bahia UFSB Ilhéus Brazil

Ensuring the physiological quality of the seeds depends on storage conditions. Since their quality cannot be improved, good conditions during this period will contribute on keeping them viable for a longer time, delaying the deterioration process. In the present study, the effect of five storage periods in a refrigerated chamber at 15℃± 1℃, on the seeds viability during 30, 60, 90, 150 and 240 days of storage in glass containers was evaluated. Four replicates of twenty-five seeds per treatment were used and the data were compared by regression equation. It verified that, regardless of the storage time, the seeds when submitted to the drying temperature of 35℃and 40℃showed a significant linear reduction of germination, GSI and seed vigor after storage.

关键词： Seed Technology Drying and Germination

Germination,Vigor of Seeds and Emergence of Fabaceae Seedling in Bovine Faeces

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第14期5卷 2170-2177页

作者： Renata Vianna Lima Henrique Duarte Vieira Francielle de Souza Guimaraes Nardele Moreno Rohem Jr. Tatiana Oliveira da Silva Alberto Magno Fernandes Cynthia Pires Guimaraes Amanda Justino Acha bruno borges deminicis Department of Fitotecnia State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro(UENF)Campos dos GoytacazesRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Zootecnia State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro(UENF)Campos dos GoytacazesRio de JaneiroBrazil

This study was conducted to evaluate the physiological quality of forage seeds after passage through the gastrointestinal tract of cattle, as well as the emergence of seedlings derived from these seeds. Three Fabaceae species were used: tropical kudzu, leucaena and calopo. One hundred grams of seeds of each species were offered, separately, to five bovines. After the start of the dispersion, the faeces of the animals were collected every 6 hours, in a total of 72 hours, being taken to the greenhouse immediately after each collection. The study evaluated the total number of seedlings in the stool, the lengths of roots and aerial parts, as well as the natural and dry seedling weight thirty days after the disposal of the faeces in the greenhouse. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with twelve treatments (sampling periods) and five replications (cattle). The best performance for the total number of seedlings in the faeces of cattle was observed in the kudzu species. The length of the root, length of the aerial part and dry matter seedling weight was observed in the leucaena species, followed by kudzu. The calopo showed low results for all variables due to the high degradation of the seeds.

关键词： Pueraria phaseoloides Leucaena leucocephala Calopogonium mucunoides Dispersal Physiological Quality

Residual Feed Intake as a Measure to Select Genetically Productive Beef Cattle: A Review

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2020年第2期10卷 118-123页

作者： Tiago Neves Pereira Valente Andréia Santos Cezário Wallacy Barbacena Rosa dos Santos Jeferson Corrêa Ribeiro Eliandra Maria Bianchini Oliveira Erico da Silva Lima bruno borges deminicis Thasia Martins Macedo Rogério de Carvalho Veloso Department of Animal Science Instituto Federal Goiano(IFGoiano)Campus PossePosse City73900-000Goiás StateBrasil Department of Animal Science Instituto Federal Goiano(IFGoiano)Campus MorrinhosMorrinhos City75650-000Goiás StateBrasil Department of Animal Science Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas(FMU)São Paulo City05607-000São Paulo StateBrazil Department of Animal Science Federal University of Southern Bahia(UFSB-BA)Teixeira de Freitas City45613-204Bahia StateBrazil

Measures such as residual feed intake(RFI)have been increasingly considered to select cattle with superior feed efficiency,as it is a characteristic of feed efficiency calculated as the difference between observed intake and estimated intake considering metabolic weight and the weight gain.Estimated feed intake is obtained through the multiple regression equation of observed consumption on metabolic mean live weight and weight gain.The standard was shared among animals into one herd selected for low RFI(high efficiency)and compared to the one selected for high RFI(low efficiency).There was no correlated response in weight per year and in weight gain,and the effectiveness of low RFI selection in reducing feed costs was proven without affecting production.However,selection of animals with negative RFI is not done by selecting animals directly according to the size of the viscera,rather it is done indirectly,that is,when selecting the most efficient animals and normally these animals already have the smallest viscera size.The RFI is a trait that presents genetic variability,selectable to improve and has moderate heritability,between 0.30 and 0.35.The RFI is important because it reduces the direct economic impacts of reduced feed intake,as well as the effects of environmental impact on reducing methane emissions from enteric fermentation of ruminants.

关键词： Feed conversion feed efficiency enteric fermentation

Fermentation Characteristics of Silage of Sugar Cane Treated with Calcium Oxide,Lactobacillus buchneri and Their Associations

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第5期5卷 636-646页

作者： Fábio Tde Pádua Carlos A.A.Fontes Joao C.C.Almeida bruno B.deminicis Lanamar de Almeida Carlos Otavio C.Neto Vitor Cde Oliveira Campus Nilo Peçanha-Pinheiral Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro(IFRJ)Rio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratory of Animal Science State University of Norte Fluminense Darcy RibeiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Animal Science and Production Federal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Animal Science and Production Federal University of Espírito SantoVitóriaBrazil Federal University of Sao Joao Del Rei(UFSJ) Sao Joao Del ReiBrazil Goat Farmers Association of the State of Rio de Janeiro(RIOCAPRI) Rio de JaneiroBrazil Agricultural Development and Rural Extension Agency(AGRAER) Campo GrandeBrazil

We evaluated the fermentation products, the gaseous and effluent losses of sugarcane silages without calcium oxide (CaO) or with CaO addition, at the levels of zero, 0.8%, 1.6% and 2.4%, in association with the microbial additive Lactobacillus buchneri inoculated at the levels of zero, 50.000, 100.000 e 150.000 ufc/g of sugarcane, wet bases. The variety RB855536, harvested after 12 months of first growth was used. The experiment design was the completely randomized design, in a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement. They were evaluated in the silages, the contents of volatile fatty acids, lactic acid, ethanol, and the pH, as well as the gaseous and effluent losses. In the analysis of the data, the SAS system was utilized. It was observed on interaction effect of the chemical and microbial additive over the contents of lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, ethanol and over the gaseous and effluents losses. However, there was no interaction effect regarding to pH. When it was observed on interaction effect of additives, the effects of the levels of one additive were evaluated by regression analysis in each level of each other, and vice-versa. The level 1.6% of CaO associated to the level 50,000 ufc/g of natural matter of Lactobacillus buchneri provided adequate levels of lactic acid (superior to 4.5%), and of acetic acid (around 1%), moderate content of propionic acid (0.55%), low content of butyric acid (0.05%) and controlled the production of ethanol and the gaseous and effluent losses. The pH of the silages were influenced by CaO addition, but were not affected consistently by microbial inoculation.

关键词： Sugarcane Silage Calcium Oxide Lactobacillus buchneri Organic Acid

Morphology, Morphogenesis and Production of Tanzânia Grass, Submitted to Either Fixed or Variable Resting Period

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 163-171页

作者： Alberto Chambela Neto José F. C. da Silva Fermino Deresz Alberto M. Fernandes bruno B. deminicis Ismail R. Haddade Thiago L. Rosado Federal Institute of Science Education and Technology Education of Espírito Santo IFES Santa Teresa Campus Santa Teresa Brasil State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro UENF Campos dos Goytacazes Rio de Janeiro Brasil National Center of Research in Milk Cattle-CNPGL EMBRAPA Coronel Pacheco Campus Juiz de Fora Brasil Federal University of Espírito Santo Centro de Ciências Agrárias CCA-UFES Alegre Brasil

This work was carried out at Embrapa. Milk cattle and experimental field were located in Coronel Pacheco, MG, Brazil, in the period of December 2008 to May 2009. It was aimed to evaluate the effect of two different defoliation intervals on the morphology and morphogenetic characteristics of Tanzania grass (Urochloa maxima) pasture. The treatments consisted of evaluations of 2 management strategies on pastures were: 1) IL95—consisted of the entry of animals into the pickets when the pasture reached 95% of interception of photosynthetically active radiation, with 3 days of picket occupation and 2) FIXED—pasture managed with 30 days of defoliation interval and 3 days of picket occupation. Ten cows (Holstein × Zebu) recently delivered were used to effectuate the grazer of the evaluated areas. The measured variables were analyzed by the mist model. The best model selection was based on the Akaike information criterion, in which the likelihood was evaluated for the different proposed models, where the composed symmetry had the better adjustment to the model. The management caused differences on the biomass production and on the morphological and morphogenetic structure of Tanzania grass, in which the criterion of interception of photosynthetically active radiation allowed higher efficiency on the area usage.

关键词： Defoliation Interval Interception Photosynthetically Active Urochloa maxima

Tetrazolium Test to Evaluate Stizolobium aterrimum Seeds Quality

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第1期5卷 148-152页

作者： bruno B. deminicis Patricia Do R. Rodrigues Bráulio P. Faria Henrique D. Vieira Antonio D. Pandolfi Filho Guilherme S. Freitas Department of Animal Science and Production Federal University of Espírito SantoVitóriaBrazil

The purpose of this study was to verify the efficiency of methods of pre-conditioning and concentrations of tetrazolium solution in the evaluation of physiological quality of Stizolobium aterrimum seeds. Commercial seeds have passed through the process of accelerated aging for composing lots of 0, 24, 48, 96 and 144 hours, and were submitted to the pre-conditioning: 1) Scarification with sandpaper number 100 and immersion in water at room temperature for 18 hours, 2) Immersion in water at 95°C and maintained in the same water outside the heating at 25°C for 18 hours. After preconditioning, the seed coats were removed and immersed in embryos tetrazolium salt at 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% for 150 minutes and maintained in the dark at 25°C for color development. To compare the results obtained in the tetrazolium test, we performed germination test, first counting and germination speed index. The method of scarification with sandpaper and later soaked in water for 18 hours at 25°C, the most efficient way in preconditioning of seeds of Stizolobium aterrimum and concentration of 1.0% tetrazolium solution for 150 minutes at 25°C, allows evaluating the quality of seed lots from this species.

关键词： Germination Forage Legumes Tetrazolium Test

Forage Legume Seeds Submitted to in Vitro and in Situ Fermentation Techniques

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 66-70页

作者： bruno B.deminicis Henrique D.Vieira Joao C.C.Almeida Saulo A.C.Araújo Cesar C.Guimaraes Filho Raphael P.Araújo Deise D.Castagnara Deolindo Stradiotti Júnior Department of Animal Science and Production Federal University of Espírito SantoVitoriaBrazil Laboratory of Plant Science State University of Norte Fluminense Darcy RibeiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Animal Science and Production Federal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Animal Science and Production Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri ValleysDiamantinaBrazil Department of Animal Science and Production Federal University of PampaUruguaianaBrazil

The present study was carried out to evaluate the survival rate of four tropical legume seeds submitted to different periods of ruminal incubation simulated by in vitro and in situ fermentation. The species studied were butterfly pea, stylosanthes, archer and perennial soybean. Four Holstein dairy cows fistulated in rumen were used in the in situ stage. A completely randomized design was used, in a 4 × 6 factorial arrangement (four species, six treatment periods) in the in vitro stage, with four repetitions. A completely randomized block design, arranged in a 4 × 6 factorial scheme (four species × six incubation periods), was used in the in situ stage, with four repetitions. The seeds (50 units of only one species at each repetition) were placed in erlenmeyer flask (250 mL) and were put in a 10 × 15 cm nylon bag in the in vitro stage. The times of incubation were: 6, 12, 24, 48, 96 and 144 hours and the time zero was estimated in the laboratory. The results demonstrate that, when submitted to ruminal incubation, due to their hard and impermeable teguments, legume seeds presented high resistance potential, and, thus, greater chances of germinating after passage through the gastrointestinal tract of bovines, when defecated in pastures. However, stylosanthes are not recommended for insertion in bovine feeding for this purpose, because they do not resist ruminal digestion.

关键词： Germination Ruminal Liquid Fabaceae Seeds

Methods for Breaking Dormancy of Seeds of Tropical Forage Legumes

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 1831-1835页

作者： Leonardo F.de Morais Joao C.C.Almeida bruno B.deminicis Fabio T.de Padua Mirton J.F.Morenz Joao B.R.de Abreu Raphael P.Araujo Delci D.de Nepomuceno Department of Animal Science and Production Federal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Animal Science and Production Federal University of Espírito SantoVitóriaBrazil Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro-IFRJ Campus Nilo Peçanha-Pinheiral-RJPinheiralBrazil Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation National Research Center of Dairy CattleJuiz de ForaBrazil Department of Animal Science Federal University of Sao Joao Del ReiSao Joao Del ReiBrazil

The aim of this study was to evaluate methods for breaking dormancy of seeds Neonotonia wightii (perennial soybean), Macrotiloma axilare (archer), Pueraria phaseoloides (tropical kudzu), Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo), which were subjected to the following treatments for physical breaks and physiological dormancy: 1) control;2) scarification with sandpaper;3) immersion in H2SO4 98% for five minutes and subsequent washing in water;4) preheating at 60°C for 150 minutes in an air circulating oven;5) 0.2% KNO3;and 6) gibberellic acid (GA3 0.5%). The results showed that using H2SO4 to break seed dormancy archer and perennial soybean and calopo scarification with sandpaper were the most recommended treatments. Tropical Kudzu presented physiological response to treatments with the use of gibberellic acid and physical treatment using immersion H2SO4. Thus, it is necessary to use techniques to make the breaking dormancy of seeds of legumes, resulting in an increase in the rate of seed germination and rapid deployment of the legume.

关键词： Fabaceae Seed Dormancy and Germination