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A review on the development of electrolytes for lithiumbased batteries for low temperature applications

第七届新型太阳能电池材料科学与技术学术研讨会

作者： Asim Arshad Nosheen Zafar Menglong Sun brundha chidambaram Yongwei Zhang Lishan Zhang Shuangxi Yuan Xi Wang 云斯宁西安建筑科技大学材料与矿资学院功能材料研究所

To develop an advanced human society in this era smart energy consumption is a major *** this regard,highly economical and renewable energy sources *** energy and hydrogen energy are ideal choices in scientific research *** photovoltaic and electrochemical energy conversion systems,dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs) and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) have some major advantages such as cost effectiveness,easy assembly,higher power conversion efficiency(PCE),low overpotential and nature ***,we have designed a series of electrocatalytic materials by doping manganese(Mn) and Cobalt(Co) alone as a single metal and together(Co/Mn) as bimetal into Ziff-8 based N-doped carbon structures to investigate the synergistic effects after each *** performances were observed after integration of Mn and Co as(Mn@NC and Co@NC) respectively,which were further intensified by bimetal incorporation of Co/Mn together as Co/Mn@*** solar cell devised with low-cost Co/Mn@NC based counter electrode exhibits higher PCE than that of platinum electrode(8.05% vs.6.85%).Additionally,in electrochemical water splitting the catalyst Co/Mn@NC exhibits a small overpotential at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 in 1 M *** work imposes towards a modern perspective to develop a highly efficient hybrid electrocatalyst having a promising approach to perform as multifunctional catalysts in hydrogen evolution reaction,triiodide reduction reaction,and also in advanced clean energy production systems.

关键词： Cobalt/Manganese Zif-8 based N-doped porous carbon Hydrogen evolution Dye-sensitized solar cell Multifunctional electrocatalyst Water splitting

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能源前沿:英文版 2023年第1期17卷 43-71页

作者： Jason A.MENNEL Dev chidambaram Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Nevada−RenoRenoNV 89557USA Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Nevada Institute for Sustainability University of Nevada−RenoRenoNV 89557USA

The aerospace industry relies heavily on lithium-ion batteries in instrumentation such as satellites and land *** equipment is exposed to extremely low temperatures in space or on the Martian *** extremely low temperatures affect the discharge characteristics of the battery and decrease its available working *** solvents,cosolvents,additives,and salts have been researched to fine tune the conductivity,solvation,and solid-electrolyte interface forming properties of the *** different resistive phenomena have been investigated to precisely determine the most limiting steps during charge and discharge at low *** mission lifespans as well as self-reliance on the chemistry are now highly desirable to allow low temperature performance rather than rely on external heating *** Martian rovers are equipped with greater instrumentation and demands for greater energy storage rise,new materials also need to be adopted involving next generation lithiumion chemistry to increase available *** these objectives in mind,tailoring of the electrolyte with highercapacity materials such as lithium metal and silicon anodes at low temperatures is of high *** review paper highlights the progression of electrolyte research for low temperature performance of lithium-ion batteries over the previous several decades.

关键词： electrolyte lithium-ion low temperature aerospace solid-electrolyte interface

Assessment of terrace gardens as modifiers of building microclimate

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能源与人工环境(英文) 2022年第1期3卷 105-112页

作者： Chitra chidambaram Surabhi S.Nath Pranjali Varshney Sakshi Kumar School of Architecture and Planning Sharda UniversityKnowledge Park IIIGreater NoidaUttar Pradesh 201310India Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi Okhla Industrial EstatePhase IIINew Delhi 110020India

Hard concrete roofs cause excessive heat gain impacting thermal comfort in *** gardens promoting greening at higher levels of built structures are seen as one of the key mitigating strategies for modifying building microclimate and improving urban *** have undertaken a research project to quantitatively assess the value of a terrace garden in a residential scale.A garden patch of about 15 m 2 in area,a typical size available in most urban terraces is *** temperatures are measured over a period of 15 months between July 2018 to January 2020 using four thermocouple sensors,placed within and outside the garden bed,on and below the *** compare the thermal performance of the terrace garden across years,seasons,time of the day,presence or absence of garden bed and type and height of *** surface temperature data was found to correlate well with the ambient air temperature *** results show that the terrace garden moderates and stabilises the ceiling temperatures and reduces it by about 2-3°C in winter months and 5-7°C in hot *** garden also provided nearly 400 g of fresh monthly vegetable harvest per m 2 of ***,the cooling impact of the terrace garden with natural,tall,wild vegetation is higher as compared to planted *** study demonstrates a sustainable approach to terrace garden design at residential scale through quantified dual benefits of temperature control within buildings and urban farming.

关键词： Green roof Residential terrace garden Building micro-climate Urban vegetation Terrace farming Quantitative assessment

A simple method of tuning series cascade controllers for unstable systems

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2013年第4期11卷 661-667页

作者： Simi SANTOSH M.chidambaram Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras

A simple method is proposed to design P/PI controllers for a series cascade control system for unstable first order plus time-delay （FOPTD） systems. In this paper, the controller design for unstable FOPTD systems cascaded in series with stable/unstable FOPTD systems is considered. The proposed method is based on equating the coefficients of corresponding powers of s and s2 in the numerator to α1 and α2 times those of the denominator of the closed-loop transfer function for a servo problem. The open loop system consists of an unstable FOPTD system cascaded in series with a stable/unstable FOPTD system. Only two tuning parameters （α1 and α2） are required for the design of controllers. The closed-loop performances are evaluated for both the servo and regulatory problems and the performances are found to be better than that of the well established synthesis method. The robustness for uncertainty in the model parameters is studied and compared with that of the controllers designed by the synthesis method.

关键词： Cascade control Time-delay process PI controller P controller FOPTD model Tuning

Theoretical and Computational Analyses of LNG Evaporator

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Journal of Thermal Science 2017年第2期26卷 132-137页

作者： Palani Kumar chidambaram Yang Myung Jo Heuy Dong Kim FMTRC Daejoo Machinery Co Ltd Department Mechanical Engineering Andong National University

Theoretical and numerical analysis on the fluid flow and heat transfer inside a LNG evaporator is conducted in this work. Methane is used instead of LNG as the operating fluid. This is because; methane constitutes over 80% of natural gas. The analytical calculations are performed using simple mass and energy balance equations. The analytical calculations are made to assess the pressure and temperature variations in the steam tube. Multiphase numerical simulations are performed by solving the governing equations(basic flow equations of continuity, momentum and energy equations) in a portion of the evaporator domain consisting of a single steam pipe. The flow equations are solved along with equations of species transport. Multiphase modeling is incorporated using VOF method. Liquid methane is the primary phase. It vaporizes into the secondary phase gaseous methane. Steam is another secondary phase which flows through the heating coils. Turbulence is modeled by a two equation turbulence model. Both the theoretical and numerical predictions are seen to match well with each other. Further parametric studies are planned based on the current research.

关键词： LNG 计算能量平衡方程多相流模型甲烷气体蒸汽管道流体流动数值分析

Complex regional pain syndrome: a recent update

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第1期5卷 24-34页

作者： En Lin Goh Swathikan chidambaram Daqing Ma Anaesthetics Pain Medicine and Intensive CareDepartment of Surgery and CancerFaculty of MedicineImperial College LondonChelsea and Westminster Hospital369 Fulham RoadLondon SW10 9NHUK

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating condition affecting the limbs that can be induced by surgery or trauma. This condition can complicate recovery and impair one’s functional and psychological well-being. The wide variety of terminology loosely used to describe CRPS in the past has led to misdiagnosis of this condition, resulting in poor evidence-base regarding the treatment modalities available and their impact. The aim of this review is to report on the recent progress in the understanding of the epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment of CRPS and to discuss novel approaches in treating this condition.

关键词： CRPS Epidemiology Pathophysiology Treatment Future therapy

Antihaemolytic and snake venom neutralizing effect of some Indian medicinal plants

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第9期4卷 743-747页

作者： chidambaram Kumarapppan Albert Iaswanth Karpagam Kumarasunderi Department of Life Sciences.International Medical University Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Pharmacology Periyar College of Pharmaceutical Sciences.Tamilnadn.India

Objective:To validate traditional claims of usefulness of the Indian plants in management of poisonous snakebite and evaluate the antivenom properties displayed bv the alcoholic extracts of Andrographis paniculata（***）,Crutera magna（***）.Gloriosa superba （***） and Hydrocotyle javanica（***）.Methods:These plants were collected, identified and the extracts were prepared bv using conventional Soxhlet ethanol extraction *** venom neutralization activity was accessed in mice（20-25g） and number of mortalities was observed against clinically important snake（Naja nigricollis） *** study also deals with in vitro membrane stabilizing activity of these plants against hyposaline induced human red blood corpuscles（HRBC）.Results:Extracts of *** and *** gave 80%and 90%protection to mice treated with minimum lethal dose of venom(LD99).These two plants showed significant neutralization effect against the venoms of Naja nigricollis venom.H. javanica and ***（25-100 mg/ml.） produced significant changes of membrane stabilization of human red blood cells（HRBC） exposed to hyposaline-induced ***:We conclude that probably due to presence of various phytochemicals plays an important role in the anti-venom potential of these Indian medicinal plants against Naja nigricollis *** above observations confirmed ***,G,*** and *** plant extracts possess potent snake venom neutralizing capacity and could potentially be used as an adjuvants for antivenin therapy in case of snakebite *** against the local effects of cobra venoms.

关键词： Antivenom activity Naja nigricollis hemolysis neutralization Indian medicinal plants

Novel degradation products of argatroban: Isolation, synthesis and extensive characterization using NMR and LC-PDA-MS/Q-TOF

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第2期8卷 86-95页

作者： Vinodh Guvvala Venkatesan chidambaram Subramanian Jaya Shree Anireddy Mahesh Konda Centre for Chemical Science&Technology Institute of Science& Technology JNTUH Gland Pharma Ltd. Research and Development D.P.Pally

Forced degradation study of argatroban under conditions of hydrolysis(neutral, acidic and alkaline), oxidation,photolysis and thermal stress, as suggested in the ICH Q1 A(R2), was accomplished. The drug showed significant degradation under hydrolysis(acidic, alkaline) and oxidation(peroxide stress) conditions. The drug remained stable under thermal and photolytic stress conditions. In total, seven novel degradation products(DP-1 to DP-7) were found under diverse conditions, which were not reported earlier. The chemical structures of these degradation products were characterized by ~1H NMR,^(13)C NMR, 2 D NMR, Q-TOF-MSnand IR spectral analysis and the proposed degradation products structures were further confirmed by the individual synthesis.

关键词： Argatroban Forced degradation NMR LC-PDA LC-MS/Q-TOF-MSn

Effect of heat treatment conditions on the passivation behavior of WE43CMg-Y-Nd alloy in chloride containing alkaline environments

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2017年第2期5卷 147-165页

作者： Jakraphan Ninlachart Zachary Karmiol Dev chidambaram Krishnan SRaja Chemical and Materials Engineering University of IdahoMoscowID 83844-1021USA Chemical and Materials Engineering University of NevadaRenoNV 89557-0388USA

Mg–Y–Nd alloy(WE43C or Elektron 43)is a heat treatable magnesium wrought alloy that can be used up to 250 ℃ for aerospace *** alloy has excellent mechanical properties(UTS:up to 345 MPa at room temperature)and improved corrosion *** passivation studies were conducted on this alloy under different heat treatment conditions in 0.1 M NaOH solution with the addition of chloride from 0 to 1000 *** passive potential range typically extended to more than 1.5 VAg/*** transpassive potential was not dependent on the heat treatment condition of the alloy when the chloride concentration increased up to 500 ***,pitting protection potential varied with the heat treatment condition when the chloride addition was 500 ppm or *** specimen surface was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and Raman spectroscopy to understand the passivation behavior of this *** passivated surface of the WE43C specimens indicated that the surface layer consisted of MgO,Mg(OH)_(2),and rare earth oxide phases,and the heat treatment conditions did not significantly affect the composition of the surface film.

关键词： Elektron 43 Magnesium alloy Corrosion Passivation Chloride