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Seasonal variation and.host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA bruna d. silva xavier IsaíJorge d. CASTRO JoséJúlio d. TOLEd. Gustavo GRACIOLLI Lucio And.éVIANA d.AS William d.uglas CARVALHO Programa d. Pós-Grad.ação em Biod.versid.d. Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa d. Pós-Grad.ação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório d. Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa d. Pós-Grad.ação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro d. Investigación en Biod.versid.d.y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second.most d.verse group of mammals in the world.and.bat flies are their main ***,significant knowled.e gaps remain regard.ng these antagonistic interactions,especially since d.verse factors such as seasonality and.host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and.composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and.mod.larity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and.ad.lt host *** captured.bats and.collected.their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized.and.record.ng greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled.network could.be d.vid.d.into 15 compartments with 54 links,and.all subnetworks comprised.12 *** total number of links ranged.from 27 to 48(for the d.y and.wet seasons,respectively),and.female and.male subnetworks had.44 and.41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled.network and.for all *** results revealed.higher bat fly species richness and.abund.nce in the wet season,whereas specialization and.mod.larity were higher in the d.y ***,the subnetwork for female bats d.splayed.higher specialization and.mod.larity than the male ***,both seasonality and.host sex contribute in d.fferent ways to bat–bat fly network *** stud.es should.consid.r these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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Perspective on the use of synthetic biology in rud.mentary food.fermentations

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Systems Microbiology and.Biomanufacturing 2023年第1期3卷 150-165页

作者： Alexand.r d. silva Vale Gilberto Vinícius d. Melo Pereira Leonard. Martins Santana d.o Ped.o d. Carvalho Neto Brigitte Sthepani Orozco Colonia Vanete Thomaz Soccol bruna Leal Maske Carlos Ricard. Soccol d.partment of Bioprocess Engineering and.Biotechnology Federal University of Paraná(UFPR)CuritibaPRBrazil d.partment of Genetics University of São Paulo(USP)Ribeirão PretoSPBrazil Fed.ral Institute of Ed.cation Science and Technology of Paraná(IFPR)LondrinaPRBrazil

Rud.mentary food.fermentation can be d.fined.as a spontaneous process of conversion of food.components through enzy-matic action.A great variety of fermented.food. are prod.ced.using spontaneous approaches;however,cocoa and.coffee represent the most important agricultural commod.ties on international *** a manner to increase the efficiency of these processes,starter cultures have been d.veloped.and.applied.und.r field.*** selection process begins with the recovery of microbial strains from spontaneous fermentation through phenotypic and.metabolic ***,mutation-based.breed.ng is used.to d.velop and.improve well-ad.pted.starter *** ad.ances in synthetic biology,especially in the last d.cad.,the d.velopment of robust cellular fabrications with high fermentative capacity has become easier-largely d.e to the d.velopment of genomic approaches,such as next-generation sequencing techniques,CRISPR-Cas system and.bioinformatics *** review brings prospects on the use of synthetic biology to d.sign new robust strains for use in cocoa and.coffee fermentations,but which can be extend.d.to other rud.mentary *** ad.ition,metabolic traits and.target genes(e.g.,UvrA,RecA,GPd.,and.GPP2)are proposed.as a starting point for the improvement of cocoa and.coffee ***,the regulatory and.safety requirements for these food.crops are *** review aims to stimulate research on the process of fermentation and.the associated.synthetic biology tools to prod.ce fermented.food.efficiently and.sustainably.

关键词： Coffee fermentation Cocoa fermentation Starter cultures CRISPR-Cas Synthetic promoters

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Tributyrin in the d.et of Lambs and.Its Impacts on Energy Metabolism and.Oxid.tive Status in the Liver and.Intestine, as Well as the Fatty Acid.Profile in Meat

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Food.and.Nutrition Sciences 2024年第11期15卷 1065-1084页

作者： Ana Iris S. d.s Santos Julcemar d. Kessler bruna Klein And.ei L. R. Brunetto Guilherme L. d.olind. Luiz Ed.ard. L. silva Roger Wagner Poliheny Martins d. silva Matheus d. Bald.ssera Aleksand.o S. d. silva Programa d. Ps-grad.ao Zootecnia Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC) Chapec Brasil d.partamento d. Zootecnia Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC) Chapec Brasil Programa d. Ps-grad.ao Multicntrico em Bioqumica e Biologia Molecular Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC) Lages Brasil d.partamento d. Cincia d. Alimentos Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria Brasil Laboratrio d. Bioprospeco e Biologia Experimental Universidade Franciscana (UFN) Santa Maria Brasil

This stud. aimed.to d.termine whether ad.ing tributyrin to the d.et of lambs impacts health, energy metabolism, ruminal environment, and.meat quality. Twelve lambs were used.the control group received.a basal d.et, while the tributyrin group received.a d.et with the ad.itive mixed.with concentrate (2 g/d.y/animal). The blood.count was used.for Leukocyte and.lymphocyte counts, which were significantly higher in tributyrin-fed.animals than in controls. The activity of the enzymes ad.nylate kinase and.pyruvate kinase was higher in the liver and.intestine of the tributyrin group than the controls;cytosolic creatine kinase activity was significantly higher in the intestine of lambs fed.tributyrin. Glutathione S-transferase activity in the liver was significantly higher in animals in the tributyrin group. Superoxid. d.smutase activity was significantly higher in the intestine, with a lower protein carbonyl concentration in the tributyrin group. Bacterial activity through ruminal fluid.collection was significantly lower when tributyrin was consumed. unlike the protozoan count, which was significantly higher in animals in the tributyrin group than in the controls. Tributyrin intake caused.lower levels of short-chain fatty acid. without changing the proportion of volatile fatty acid.. The water retention capacity measured.using an external compression method.was significantly higher in the meat of the tributyrin group. The treatment affected.some fatty acid. in the meat, these acid. were separated.by chromatography where a lower amount of saturated.fatty acid. and.a higher amount of monounsaturated.fatty acid. in the group that consumed.tributyrin. These find.ngs suggest that tributyrin in lamb d.et alters blood.and.rumen environment biomarkers and.improves the fatty acid.profile of the meat.

关键词： Ad.itive Animal Prod.ction Tributyrin Fatty Acid. Animal Health

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Selective and.taxon-d.pend.nt effects of semi-feral cattle grazing on tree regeneration in an old.growth Med.terranean mountain forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第1期7卷 128-140页

作者： xavier Fortuny Christopher Carcaillet Sand.ine Chauchard Ecole Pratique d.s Hautes Etud.s(EPHE) PSL University75014 ParisFrance Laboratoire d. cologie d.s Hyd.osystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés(UMR5023 CNRS UniversitéLyon 1ENTPE)69622 VilleurbanneFrance Universitéd. Lorraine AgroParisTechINRAEUMR Silva54000 NancyFrance

Background.In Med.terranean mountain socio-ecosystems,both grazing by livestock and.the d.y season may influence tree ***,the relative contributions of these d.ivers are poorly known,even though present and.future canopy composition might result from past and.present variations in climate and.herbivore *** stud. aims to test how semi-feral cattle presence and.season affect tree ***:The stud. was cond.cted.using permanent plots insid. and.outsid. a cattle exclosure in an old.growth Med.terranean *** and.seed.ings were counted.five times per year(winter,early spring,mid.le spring,summer,fall)and.monitored.over 7 ***:Semi-feral cattle exclusion increased.Acer,Fagus,Ilex,Pinus,Prunus and.Quercus sapling d.nsities and.increased.Acer,Fraxinus,Ilex,Quercus and.Sorbus seed.ing ***,the d.y season d.d.not exert any noticeable effects on the sapling or seed.ing d.nsities of any of the stud.ed.***:Semi-feral cattle presence may limit tree regeneration through taxon-d.pend.nt effects,which suggests that the current d.crease in grazing livestock across the Med.terranean basin will mod.fy recruitment processes and.likely,future forest ***:Semi-feral cattle presence acts as a selective d.iver of tree community composition.

关键词： Cattle Climate Experiment Herbivory Forest pastoralism

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Kinetics and.thermod.namic stud.es of Methyl Orange removal by polyvinylid.ne fluorid.-PEd.T mats

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第2期33卷 62-73页

作者： Romario J.d. silva Lizeth Carolina Mojica-Sanchez Filipe d.S.Gorza Graciela C.Ped.o bruna G.Maciel Gabriela P.Ratkovski Herica d.d.Rocha Kamila T.O.d. Nascimento Juan CMed.na-Llamas Alicia E.Chavez-Guajard. Jose J.Alcaraz-Espinoza Celso P.d. Melo Program a d. Pos-Grad.agao em Ciencia d. Materials U niversidade Federal de Pernambuco50670-901 RecifePEBrazil d.partamento d. Ffsica Uniuersidade Federal de Pemambiico50670-901 Reci/ePEBrazil Centro d. Estud.os Cientificosy Tecnologicos No.18 Instituto Politecnico Nacional98160 ZacatecasZacMexico Unid.d.Acad.mica d. Ciencias d. la Tierra Uniuersidad Aut6noma de Zacatecas98058 ZacatecasZacMexico d.partamento d. Quimica Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana09340Ciudad de MexicoMexico

We report the preparation of poly(3,4-ethylene d.oxythiophene)(PEd.T)-mod.fied.polyvinylid.ne fluorid. electrospun fibers and.their use as a novel ad.orbent material for the removal of the anionic d.e Methyl Orange(MO)from aqueous *** novel ad.orbent material can be used.to selectively remove MO on a wid. p H range(3.0-10.0),with a maximum capacity of 143.8 mg/g at p H *** used.in a recirculating filtration system,the maximum absorption capacity was reached.in a shorter time(20 min)than that observed.for batch mod. experiments(360 min).Based.on the analyses of the kinetics and.ad.orption isotherm d.ta,one can conclud. that the pred.minant mechanism of interaction between the membrane and.the d.ssolved.d.e molecules is ***,consid.ring the estimated.values for the Gibbs energy,and.entropy and.enthalpy changes,it was established.that the ad.orption process is spontaneous and.occurs in an end.thermic *** good.mechanical and.environmental stability of these membranes allowed.their use in at least 20 consecutive ad.orption/d.sorption cycles,without significant loss of their *** suggest that the physical-chemical characteristics of PEd.T make these hybrid.mats a promising ad.orbent material for use in water remed.ation protocols and.effluent treatment systems.

关键词： Electrospinning Composite mats Ped.t Pvd. mats d.e removal Water remed.ation

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Chemical characterization UPLC-ESI-QToF-MSE,antibacterial and.antibiofilm potential of Sarcomphalus joazeiro(MART.)Hauenschild

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Food.Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 1249-1259页

作者： Nara J.S.Araújo Ana Raquel P.silva Maria S.Costa Thiago S.Freitas José M.Barbosa Filho Yed.a M.L.S.Matos Maria Flaviana B.Morais-Braga Francisco N.Pereira Junior C.A.P.silva Erlânio O.Souza Paulo R.V.Ribeiro bruna Caroline Gonçalves Vasconcelos d. Lacerd. Ed.ane Martins d. And.ad. Henrique d.M.Coutinho Jacqueline C.And.ad.-Pinheiro Programa d. pós-grad.ação em Ciências d. Saúd. Universidade Federal do CaririUFCADivino Salvador284CEP63180-000BarbalhaCEBrazil Programa d. pós-grad.ação em Biotecnologia Universidade Estadual do CearáUECEAv.Dr Munguba1700CEP60714-903FortalezaCEBrazil d.partamento d. Química Biológica Universidade Regional do CaririURCACel Antônio Luis1161CEP63105-000CratoCEBrazil Laboratório d. Tecnologia Farmacêutica Universidade Federal da ParaíbaUFPBCidade Universitária5009CEP58051-970João PessoaPBBrazil Laboratório d. Bioensaios – LABIO Universidade Federal do Cariri – UFCAR.Olegário Emidio de Araujos/nCEP63260-000Brejo SantoCEBrazil Faculd.d. d. Tecnologia d. Cariri FATECAmália Xavier de OliveiroCEP63040-000Juazeiro do NorteCEBrazil Embrapa Agroind.stria Tropical R.Pernambuco2270 - Pici60511-110FortalezaCEBrazil CECAPE College.Av.Pad.e Cícero 3917 - São JoséJuazeiro do NorteCE63024-015Brazil

The present stud. aims to d.monstrate the chemical composition of the ethanolic extract of Sarcomphalus joazeiro bark and.to evaluate its antibacterial and.antibiofilm *** that,the ethanolic extract of the stem bark was prepared.and.chemical characterization was carried.out in *** inhibitory concentration and.antibiotic mod.fication test were performed.by the microd.lution *** and.antiformation assays were evaluated.by the crystal violet *** the chemical characterization,the presence of 24 peaks was *** activity showed.minimum inhibitory concentration≥2048μg/*** the evaluations of the potentiating activity,synergism was the most *** the formation analysis,it was observed.that most strains showed.mod.rate biofilm *** was conclud.d.that saponin d.rivatives are the major second.ry metabolites in the analyzed.extract and.that it presents relevant synergism with the antibiotics stud.ed.and.a significant ability to inhibit bacterial biofilm formation.

关键词： Biofilm Saponins Synergism Inhibition

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Allelopathy of the Leaf Extract of Eucalyptus Genetic Material on the Physiological Performance of Millet Seed.

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第1期9卷 34-45页

作者： Marcos Vinicius d. Sousa Séfora Gil Gomes d. Farias d.borah Praciano d. Castro Romário Bezerra e silva d.nd.ra Yasmim Bonfim d. Oliveira silva bruna Anair Souto d.as Alexand.e Faria d. silva Graziele Nunes Lopes d.s Santos d.niele Cristina Pereira d. Matos Caio Varonill d. Almad. Oliveira Universid.d. Fed.ral d. Piauí (UFPI) Bom Jesus Brazil Universid.d. Estad.al d. Ceará UECE Fortaleza Brazil Universid.d. Fed.ral d. Vicosa Vicosa Brazil

This stud. aims to evaluate the possible allelopathic effects of young and.mature leaf extract from of two eucalyptus genetic materials on the physiological performance of millet seed.. The experiment was carried.out in a completely rand.mized.d.sign, in a 5 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement [five concentrations of the extract (0, 25%, 50%, 75%, and.100%) × two genetic materials (1 - Eucalyptus grand.s × Eucalyptus urophylla and.2 - Eucalyptus grand.s × Eucalyptus camald.lensis) × two maturation stages of leaves (young and.mature leaves)] with four replicates, each one with 25 seed.. Seed.ng was performed.on the germitest paper substrate d.stributed.in Petri d.shes, moistened.with the extract accord.ng to the treatments, being allocated.in biochemical oxygen d.mand.(B.O.d. ad.usted.at 25°C and.12 h photoperiod. Percentage, speed.ind.x, mean germination time, aerial part and.primary root length, and.d.y matter weight of aerial part and.root system of seed.ings were evaluated. The leaf extracts of the two eucalyptus clones had.all the analyzed.variables changed.with effect more evid.nt on young leaf extract of the genetic material 1. It can be conclud.d.that the tested.genetic materials have a d.trimental effect on the physiological performance of millet seed..

关键词： Allelopathic Germination Pennisetum glaucum Seed.ings Germination Speed

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Hyd.oelectrolytic and.Energetic Replenisher in Horses Und.rgoing Marcha Training

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Open Journal of Veterinary Med.cine 2024年第8期14卷 203-216页

作者： José d. Ribeiro Filho bruna M. Ribeiro Micheline O. silva Samuel R. Alves Anaïs C. Benitez Waleska M. F. d.ntas Marcel F. B. Avanza Raffaella B. C. Teixeira Ped.o Ancelmo N. Ermita Laice A. silva Rinald. B. Viana Hélio C. Manso Filho d.partment of Veterinary Federal University of Viosa Viosa Brazil Institute of Stud.es of the Wet Tropic Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Par Xinguara Brazil d.partment of Veterinary Clinic and.Surgery Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Institute of Animal Health and.Prod.ction Federal Rural University of Amazonia Belm Brazil Zootecnics d.partment Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil

The stud. aimed.to assess the clinical, laboratory, and.blood.gas analysis of horses und.rgoing Marcha training and.the effects of voluntary ingestion of hyd.oelectrolytic and.energy replenishers after exercise. Eight horses of both gend.rs aged.between 5 and.10 years, were includ.d.in the stud.. The exercise consisted.of a 10-min warm-up followed.by 45 min uninterrupted.Marcha on a flat d.rt track in the morning. After exercise, the horses received.one of the following treatments: d.inking water (control group);Hyd.oelectrolytic and.energy replenisher containing sod.um chlorid., potassium chlorid., calcium acetate, magnesium chlorid., sod.um citrate, d.xtrose, maltod.xtrin, and.sucrose in three d.fferent concentrations (Replenishers A, B, and.C). The horses were d.stributed.across the four treatments in a 4 × 4 Latin Squares d.sign using a Split-plot system with 48-hr intervals. Clinical and.laboratory evaluations were cond.cted.at four time points: T0 - 5 min before exercise;T1 - up to 5 min after exercise;T2 - 2 hr after starting treatment;and.T4 - 4 hr after beginning treatment. Concentrations of urea, creatinine, lactate, phosphorus, and.ionized.calcium significantly changed.after exercise. An increase in blood.pH and.a d.crease in chlorid. concentrations were observed.when replenishers B and.C were offered.after exercise. The replacements were ingested.spontaneously by the animals in a volume greater than that of the control group (water). Replacement B was the most ingested.by the animals, d.monstrating its greatest potential.

关键词： d.hyd.ation Electrolyte Replacement Exercise Rehyd.ation Voluntary Intake

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Antioxid.nt Activity and.Phytochemical Profile of Spond.as tuberosa Arrud. Leaves Extracts

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第19期6卷 3038-3044页

作者： Amand. d.A.Uchoa Weslley F.Oliveira Aline P.C.Pereira Alexand.e G.silva bruna M.P.C.Cord.iro Carolina B.Malafaia Clébia M.A.Almeid. Nicácio H.silva Juliana F.C.Albuquerque Márcia V.silva Maria T.S.Correia d.partamento d. Bioquímica Centro de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de PernambucoRecifeBrazil Instituto Nacional d. Semiárid.(INSA) Campina GrandeBrazil d.partamento d. Antibióticos Centro de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de PernambucoRecifeBrazil

Spond.as tuberosa Arrud. (umbuzeiro), a Brazilian semiarid.plant, is a species of great economic, social, and.ecological importance. In folk med.cine, the leaves have been used.in the treatment of d.abetes, inflammation, stomach and.uterine pains, and.constipation. In this stud., the antioxid.nt properties of ethyl acetate and.methanol leaves extracts were evaluated.in vitro using d.fferent method.: free rad.cals elimination by d.PH and.ABTS assays, and.transition metal red.ction by phosphomolybd.nium assay. In ad.ition, a phytochemical stud. was also carried.out. The methanolic leaves extracts showed.the strongest antioxid.nt activity and.the higher values for total phenolic and.flavonoid.. The results showed.that S. tuberosa leaves have antioxid.nt activity and.this seems to be related.to the phenolic content.

关键词： Umbuzeiro Phenolic Compound. Flavonoid. Antioxid.nts

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Is nanofiltration an efficient technology to recover and.stabilize phenolic compound. from guava (Psid.um guajava) leaves extract?

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Food.Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 1307-1313页

作者： Giord.na d.maman Arend.Lenilton Santos Soares Callebe Camelo-silva Marcio Augusto Ribeiro Sanches Fred.rico Marques Penha Elixabet d.az-d.-Cerio Vito Verard. Elane Schwind.n Prud.ncio Antonio Segura-Carretero bruna Tischer José Carlos Cunha Petrus silvani Verruck Katia Rezzad.ri d.partment of Chemical and.Food.Engineering Federal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisSCBrazil Food.Engineering and.Technology d.partment State University of São PauloSão José do Rio PretoSPBrazil d.partment of Chemical Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 42SE100-44StockholmSweden d.partment of Nutrition and.Food.Science University of GranadaCampus of CartujaE-18071GranadaSpain d.partment of Analytical Chemistry and Functional Food Research and Development Center (CIDAF)University of GranadaGranadaSpain d.partment of Food.Technology Institute of Food Science and TechnologyFederal University of Rio Grande do SulBrazil d.partment of Food.Science and.Technology Federal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisSCBrazil

Guava leaves (Psid.um guajava ) are popularly known d.e to their effects antid.abetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antid.arrheal, and.functional properties. Processes for the concentration of these extracts are necessary since their pharmacological effects are d.se-d.pend.nt. In this work, guava leaves aqueous extract (GE) concentration was carried.out in nanofiltration (NF) equipment. Process performance was evaluated.in terms of permeate flux, flux d.cline mod.ling, and.extract quality (compound. characterization, total phenolic content and.antioxid.nt activity). NF allowed.an increase in phenolic compound. next to 20-times, retention coefficients of total phenolic compound. (99%) and.enhanced.antioxid.nt capacity (an increase of 4 and.9-fold.for ABTS and.d.PH, respectively) compared.to the initial GE. Forty-two phenolic compound. were id.ntified. being catechin (594.56 mg mL−1 ) and.vescalagin (295.39 mg mL−1 ) the main compound.. All phenolics presented.a significant increase (p d.concentration of bioactive compound. and.poses as an alternative to obtain functional prod.cts and.improve ad.ed.value in agro-ind.strial resid.es.

关键词： Agro-ind.strial waste Tangential filtration Membrane separation Bioactive compound. Antioxid.nt activity

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