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Your personal choices in transportation and food are important for lowering carbon emissions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 27-32页

作者： bruce Logan Fang Zhang Wulin Yang Le Shi Institute of Energy and the Environment The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

There is a global need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to limit the extent of climate change.A better understanding of how our own activities and lifestyle influence our energy use and carbon emissions can help us enable changes in activities that can lead to reductions in carbon emissions.Here we discuss an approach based on examining carbon emissions from the perspective of the unit C,where 1 C is the CO_(2)from food a person would on average eat every day.This approach shows that total CO_(2)emissions in China,normalized by the population,is 22.5 C while carbon emissions for a person in the US is 43.9 C.A better appreciation of our own energy use can be obtained by calculating carbon emissions from our own activities in units of C,for example for driving a car gasoline or electric vehicle a certain number of kilometers,using electricity for our homes,and eating different foods.With this information,we can see how our carbon emissions compare to national averages in different countries and make decisions that could lower our personal CO_(2)emissions.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Climate change Daily energy Greenhouse gas

Are James Webb Space Telescope Observations Consistent with Warm Dark Matter?

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 45-60页

作者： bruce Hoeneisen Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador

We compare observed with predicted distributions of galaxy stellar masses M* and galaxy rest-frame ultra-violet luminosities per unit bandwidth LUV, in the redshift range z=2 to 13. The comparison is presented as a function of the comoving warm dark matter free-streaming cut-off wavenumber kfs. For this comparison the theory is a minimal extension of the press-Schechter formalism with only two parameters: the star formation efficiency, and a proportionality factor between the star formation rate per galaxy and LUV. These two parameters are fixed to their values obtained prior to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) data. The purpose of this comparison is to identify if, and where, detailed astrophysical evolution is needed to account for the new JWST observations.

关键词： James Webb Space Telescope JWST Warm Dark Matter

A Comment on the Hubble Expansion parameter Tension

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 61-64页

作者： bruce Hoeneisen Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador

We point out that the recent baryon acoustic oscillation measurement by the Dark Energy Survey collaboration relieves the Hubble expansion parameter tension.

关键词： Hubble parameter H0 Tension

Rationale and design of Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Events III (TRACE III): a randomised, phase III, open- label, controlled trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 82-89页

作者： Yunyun Xiong bruce C V Campbell Marc Fisher Lee H Schwamm Mark parsons Hao Li Yuesong pan Xia Meng Xingquan Zhao Yongjun Wang Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Department of Medicine and Neurology The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical SchoolLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background and purpose Recombinant human TNK tissue-type plasminogen activator(rhTNK-tpA)was not inferior to alteplase for ischaemic stroke within 4.5hours.Our study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tpA in patients who had an ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion(LVO)of anterior circulation beyond 4.5hours.Methods and design Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Events-III(TRACE III)is a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open-label,blind endpoint,controlled clinical trial.patients who had an ischaemic stroke due to anterior circulation LVO(internal carotid artery,middle cerebral artery M1 and M2 segments)within 4.5–24hours from last known well(including wake-up stroke and no witness stroke)and with salvageable tissue(ischaemic core volumeperfusion or MRI perfusion-weighted imaging(pWI)were included and randomised to rhTNK-tpA 0.25mg/kg(single bolus)to a maximum of 25mg or standard medical therapy.Specially,we will exclude patients who are intended for direct thrombectomy.All will be followed up for 90 days.Study outcomes primary efficacy outcome is modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score≤1 at 90 days.Secondary efficacy outcomes include ordinal distribution of mRS at 90 days,major neurological improvement defined by a decrease≥8 points compared with the initial deficit or a score≤1 on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)at 72 hours,mRS score≤2 at 90 days,the rate of improvement on Tmax>6s at 24 hours and NIHSS score change from baseline at 7days.Safety outcomes are symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage within 36 hours and mortality at 90 days.Discussion TRACE III will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tpA in patients who had an ischaemic strokes due to anterior circulation LVO beyond 4.5hours.Trial registration number NCT05141305.

关键词： Therapy random Rational

Assessment of groundwater quantity, quality, and associated health risk of the Tano river basin, Ghana

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 325-353页

作者： Adwoba Kua-Manza Edjah bruce Banoeng-Yakubo Anthony Ewusi Enoch Sakyi-Yeboah David Saka Clara Turetta Giulio Cozzi David Atta-peters Larry pax Chegbeleh Water Resources Research Centre Ghana Atomic Energy CommissionAccraGhana Earth Science Department University of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Geological Engineering Department University of Mines and TechnologyTarkwaGhana Department of Statistics University of GhanaAccraLegonGhana Institute of polar Sciences National Research Council of ItalyVeniceItaly

In the Tano River Basin,groundwater serves as a crucial resource;however,its quantity and quality with regard to trace elements and microbiological loadings remain poorly understood due to the lack of groundwater logs and limited water research.This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the Tano River Basin,focusing on three key objectives.First,it investigated the aquifer hydraulic parameters and the results showed signiﬁcant spatial variations in borehole depths,yields,transmissivity,hydraulic conductivity,and speciﬁc capacity.Deeper boreholes were concentrated in the northeastern and southeastern zones,while geological formations,particu-larly the Apollonian Formation,exhibit a strong inﬂuence on borehole yields.The study identiﬁed areas with high transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity in the southern and eastern regions,suggesting good groundwater avail-ability and suitability for sustainable water supply.Sec-ondly,the research investigated the groundwater quality and observed that the majority of borehole samples fall within WHO(Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality,Environmental Health Criteria,Geneva,2011,2017.http://www.***.int)limit.However,some samples have pH levels below the standards,although the groundwater generally qualiﬁes as freshwater.The study further explores hydrochemical facies and health risk assessment,highlighting the dominance of Ca–HCO3 water type.Trace element analysis reveals minimal health risks from most elements,with chromium(Cr)as the primary contributor to chronic health risk.Overall,this study has provided a key insights into the Tano River Basin’s hydrogeology and associated health risks.The outcome of this research has contributed to the broader understanding of hydrogeologi-cal dynamics and the importance of managing groundwater resources sustainably in complex geological environments.

关键词： Groundwater Unsupervised machine learning technique Hydrochemistry Aquifer hydraulic parameter Health risk

韩国生活用纸行业——依赖进口,专注维持生产技术能力

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生活用纸 2024年第3期24卷 38-41页

作者： bruce Janda 不详

韩国作为一个出口驱动型经济强国,其生活用纸行业是个罕见的例外,为净进口。但是,相比大多数发达经济体,韩国受到失业率和通货膨胀的影响较小,没有太多阻碍消费增长的问题,因此,生产商正在集中精力提高技术能力,而不是扩大规模。2023—2... 详细信息

韩国作为一个出口驱动型经济强国,其生活用纸行业是个罕见的例外,为净进口。但是,相比大多数发达经济体,韩国受到失业率和通货膨胀的影响较小,没有太多阻碍消费增长的问题,因此,生产商正在集中精力提高技术能力,而不是扩大规模。2023—2028年期间,韩国纸浆和纸板市场预计将以5.20%的复合年均增长率增长。一个重要因素是当地消费者对环保产品和包装的认识不断增强。2020年,韩国的纸张产量大约为1,163万t。

关键词：发达经济体失业率环保产品经济强国净进口通货膨胀生产技术能力年均增长率

Using intersectional gender analysis to identify challenges in tuberculosis care at four health care facilities in Uganda

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Infectious Diseases of poverty 2024年第1期13卷 91-91页

作者： Winters Muttamba Samson Omongot Irene Najingo Roseline Nuwarinda Esther Buregyeya Mariam Otmani del Barrio Rosemary Morgan bruce Kirenga Sarah Ssali Makerere University Lung Institute Makerere University Kampala Uganda Division of Infection and Global Health School of Medicine University of St Andrews St. Andrews UK Infectious Disease Institute Makerere University Kampala Uganda School of public Health Makerere University Kampala Uganda UNICEF UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of public Health Baltimore MD USA School of Women and Gender Studies Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Background Tuberculosis(TB)care could be considered as a continuum from symptom recognition,decision to seek care,diagnosis,treatment initiation and treatment completion,with care along the continuum influenced by several factors.Gender dimensions could influence TB care,and indeed,more men than women are diagnosed with TB each year.The study was done to identify social stratifiers that intersect with gender to influence TB care.Methods A cross-sectional qualitative study was done at four health facilities in 3 districts in central Uganda between October 2020 and December 2020.Data was collected from patients seeking a diagnosis or on TB treat-ment through focus group discussions and key informant interviews.Key themes around gender guided by a gender and intersectionality lens were developed and thereafter thematic content analysis was done.Results Women have increased vulnerability to TB due to bio mass exposure through roles like cooking.Women have increased access to health care services as they interface with the health care system frequently given their role as child bearers and child care givers.Men have a duty to provide for their families and this most often is prioritised over healthcare seeking,and together with belief that they are powerful beings leads to poor healthcare seeking hab-its and delays in healthcare seeking.Decisions on when and where to seek care were not straightforward for women,who most often rely on their husbands/partners to make decisions.Conclusions Men and women experience challenges to TB care,and that these challenges are deeply rooted in roles assigned to them and further compounded by masculinity.These challenges need to be addressed through intersec-tional gender responsive interventions if TB control is to be improved.

关键词： Tuberculosis Gender Intersectionality Masculinity

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泰国:卫生纸需求正超越本地产能

中华纸业 2024年第6期45卷 25-27页

作者： bruce Janda 费雪国际

泰国作为一个统一国家的历史可以追溯到13世纪,目前本土仍在运营的许多卫生纸厂的历史可以追溯到20世纪40年代。20世纪70年代,泰国政府推出人口控制举措,开始控制人口增长,人口增长趋势发生明显变化,到目前,泰国已经出现了人口老龄化现象。

关键词：泰国政府卫生纸人口老龄化控制举措人口增长趋势 13世纪控制人口增长 20世纪70年代

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中东地区生活用纸市场动态

生活用纸 2024年第2期24卷 65-67页

作者： bruce Janda 王娟(审校) 不详

中东地区是人类文明的重要发源地,有共同的语言和宗教起源。然而,长期以来的争端和差异阻碍了该地区在商业领域的合作,包括生活用纸市场的合作。因此,分析该地区的生活用纸需求和生产时,必须考虑这些因素。中东的成员国范围没有明确的定... 详细信息

中东地区是人类文明的重要发源地,有共同的语言和宗教起源。然而,长期以来的争端和差异阻碍了该地区在商业领域的合作,包括生活用纸市场的合作。因此,分析该地区的生活用纸需求和生产时,必须考虑这些因素。中东的成员国范围没有明确的定义,本文的分析中涵盖了巴林、埃及、伊朗、伊拉克、以色列、约旦、科威特、黎巴嫩、阿曼、巴勒斯坦、沙特阿拉伯、叙利亚、阿联酋和也门。中东地区贫富差距巨大,这可能是当前和历史冲突的结果。

关键词：中东地区生活用纸阿联酋沙特阿拉伯巴勒斯坦贫富差距黎巴嫩科威特