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Spinal intradural electrodes: opportunities, challenges and translation to the clinic

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 503-504页

作者： bruce Harland Chien Yew Kow Darren Svirskis School of Pharmacy University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Department of Neurosurgery Auckland City HospitalAucklandNew Zealand

Damage to the spinal cord disrupts the electrically active nerve cells which normally transmit afferent and efferent signals,resulting in loss of motor,sensory,and autonomic *** treatments for spinal cord injury utilizing implanted spinal electrodes can be broadly classified into three different *** first of these approaches is“spinal stimulation”where electrodes,usually positioned above the level of injury,provide electrical stimulation to target and disrupt pain signals before they reach the *** second approach uses“activity-dependent neuro-technologies”,in which electrodes positioned below the level of injury initiate a complex spatiotemporal pattern of stimulation at the lumbar spinal cord to generate a walking gait in the limbs(Minev et al.,2015;Wagner et al.,2018).

关键词： stimulation electrodes utilizing

Clinical implications of reconsideration of enthesitis/enthesopathy/enthesial erosion,as tendon attachmentlocalized avulsions and stress fracture equivalents

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第10期15卷 902-907页

作者： bruce M Rothschild Department of Medicine Indiana University Ball Memorial HospitalMuncieIN 47303United States

Recognizing the mechanical origin of enthesitis/enthesopathy and the avulsion-nature of what had previously been considered erosions,it seems inappropriate to attribute it to stresses related to a person’s normal ***,sudden or unconditioned repetitive stresses appears the more likely *** of enthesial reaction have lacked standardization as to findings present among individuals who appear to be *** evaluation by palpation and mani-pulation may be as effective as application of radiologic *** of the mechanical nature of the disease,including individuals with inflammatory arthritis suggests prescription of mechanical solutions that reduce stresses across the involved enthesis.

关键词： enthesitis epicondylitis erosion Avulsion Clinical examination

Lactate-mediated medium-chain fatty acid production from expired dairy and beverage waste

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environmental Science and ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 278-286页

作者： Bin Bian Wenxiang Zhang Najiaowa Yu Wei Yang Jiajie Xu bruce e.Logan Pascal e.Saikaly Water Desalination and Reuse Center(WDRC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia environmental Science and engineering Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering(BESE)DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Civil and environmental engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Research Centre of ecology&environment for Coastal Area and Deep Sea Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)Guangzhou511458China School of Marine Science Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China

Fruits,vegetables,and dairy products are typically the primary sources of household food ***,anaerobic digestion is the most used bioprocess for the treatment of food waste with concomitant generation of ***,to achieve a circular carbon economy,the organics in food waste should be converted to new chemicals with higher value than *** we demonstrate the feasibility of medium-chain carboxylic acid(MCCA)production from expired dairy and beverage waste via a chain elongation platform mediated by *** a two-stage fermentation process,the first stage with optimized operational conditions,including varying temperatures and organic loading rates,transformed expired dairy and beverage waste into lactate at a concentration higher than 900 mM C at 43℃.This lactate was then used to produce>500 mM C caproate and>300 mM C butyrate via microbial chain ***,lactate-producing microbes such as Lactobacillus and Lacticaseibacillus were regulated by temperature and could be highly enriched under mesophilic conditions in the firststage *** the second-stage chain elongation reactor,the dominating microbes were primarily from the genera Megasphaera and Caproiciproducens,shaped by varying feed and inoculum *** network analysis revealed positive correlations among species from the genera Caproiciproducens,Ruminococcus,and CAG-352,as well as Megasphaera,Bacteroides,and Solobacterium,indicating strong microbial interactions that enhance caproate *** findings suggest that producing MCCAs from expired dairy and beverage waste via lactate-mediated chain elongation is a viable method for sustainable waste management and could serve as a chemical production platform in the context of building a circular bioeconomy.

关键词： Microbial chain elongation Medium chain carboxylic acids Food waste Fermentation

Transforming nanoscale VO_(2)(B) into a scalable sodium-ion electrode

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8809-8818页

作者： Yunkai Luo Swetha Chandrasekaran Bintao Hu Randy Chen Marcus Worsley bruce Dunn Department of Materials Science and engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory CA 94550USA

The intermittent nature of renewable energies requires highly reliable grid-level energy storage approaches.A critical consideration in developing this technology is the areal capacity which determines battery performance and influences the cost of battery *** related importance is finding new ways of developing scalable *** recent years,threedimensional(3D)printing of conductive scaffolds has emerged as an alternative to overcome the scalability limitations of commercial tape cast *** research carried out in the current study demonstrates a successful scalability pathway for nanoscale VO_(2)(B),a desirable cathode for sodium-ion batteries which has a nano-flower morphology with a crystallite sizeelectrodepositing VO_(2)(B)onto a graphene aerogel scaffold,we were able to achieve mass loading of over 100 mg·cm^(-2) and still possess an areal capacity of 10 mAh·cm^(-2) at a current density of 5 mA·cm^(-2).Moreover,after 1000 cycles,these electrodes retained 75% to 80% of their initial *** at high loading levels,the electrodeposited VO_(2)(B)exhibits pseudocapacitive material signatures such as a box-like voltammetry response,linear galvanostatic response,and no phase change upon *** scalability of the VO_(2)(B)electrode is demonstrated in a series of experiments which show the areal capacity to scale upon increase in both mass loading and electrode thickness,with only small changes in specific *** study establishes that nanoscale materials can be scaled up to achieve thick electrodes without compromising their electrochemical properties.

关键词： nano VO_(2)(B) sodium-ion battery scalable electrodes three-dimensional(3D)printed scaffold additive manufacturing

No generality in biodiversity-productivity relationships along elevation in temperate and subtropical forest landscapes

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Forest ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 255-265页

作者： Jiayun Zou Yahuang Luo Rupert Seidl Dominik thom Jie Liu Lisa Geres Tobias Richter Linjiang Ye Wei Zheng Liangliang Ma Jie Song Kun Xu Dezhu Li Lianming Gao Sebastian Seibold ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management Research Group School of Life SciencesTechnical University of MunichHans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354FreisingGermany State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201YunnanChina Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201YunnanChina Lijiang Forest Biodiversity National Observation and Research Station Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesLijiang674100China Berchtesgaden National Park Doktorberg 683471Germany Gund Institute for environment University of Vermont617 Main StreetBurlingtonVT 1105405USA Faculty of Biological Sciences Institute for EcologyEvolution and DiversityConservation BiologyGoethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing10049China TUD Dresden University of Technology Forest ZoologyPienner Str.701737TharandtGermany

An improved understanding of biodiversity-productivity relationships(BPRs)along environmental gradients is crucial for effective ecosystem management and biodiversity *** stress-gradient hypothesis suggests that BPRs are stronger in stressful environments compared to more favorable ***,there is limited knowledge regarding the variation of BPRs along elevational gradients and their generality across different *** study how BPRs change with elevation,we harnessed inventory data on 6,431 trees from152 plots surveyed twice in eight to ten year intervals in mountain forests of temperate europe and subtropical *** quantified the relationship between aboveground productivity and different biodiversity measures,including taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic *** elucidate the processes underlying BPRs,we studied the variation of different functional traits along elevation across *** found no general pattern of BPRs across landscapes and *** were neutral for all biodiversity measures in temperate forests,and negative for taxonomic and functional diversity in subtropical *** were largely congruent between taxonomic,functional and phylogenetic *** found only weak support for the stress-gradient hypothesis,with BPRs turning from negative to positive(effect not significant)close to the tree line in subtropical *** temperate forests,however,elevation patterns were strongly modulated by species identity effects as influenced by specific *** effect of traits such as community-weighted mean of maximum plant height and wood density on productivity was congruent across *** study highlights the context-dependence of BPRs across elevation gradients and *** traits are key modulating factors of BPRs and should be considered more explicitly in studies of the functional role of ***,our findings highlight that potential trade-offs be

关键词： Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning Climate mitigation elevation gradients Forest management Forest productivity Functional traits Nature conservation Phylogenetic diversity

Are James Webb Space Telescope Observations Consistent with Warm Dark Matter?

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 45-60页

作者： bruce Hoeneisen Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador

We compare observed with predicted distributions of galaxy stellar masses M* and galaxy rest-frame ultra-violet luminosities per unit bandwidth LUV, in the redshift range z=2 to 13. The comparison is presented as a function of the comoving warm dark matter free-streaming cut-off wavenumber kfs. For this comparison the theory is a minimal extension of the Press-Schechter formalism with only two parameters: the star formation efficiency, and a proportionality factor between the star formation rate per galaxy and LUV. These two parameters are fixed to their values obtained prior to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) data. The purpose of this comparison is to identify if, and where, detailed astrophysical evolution is needed to account for the new JWST observations.

关键词： James Webb Space Telescope JWST Warm Dark Matter

Measurements of the Dark Matter Mass, Temperature and Spin

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期14卷 184-202页

作者： bruce Hoeneisen Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador

We summarize several measurements of the dark matter temperature-to-mass ratio, or equivalently, of the comoving root-mean-square thermal velocity of warm dark matter particles vhrms(1). The most reliable determination of this parameter comes from well measured rotation curves of dwarf galaxies by the LITTLe THINGS collaboration: vhrms(1)=406±69 m/s. Complementary and consistent measurements are obtained from rotation curves of spiral galaxies measured by the SPARC collaboration, density runs of giant elliptical galaxies, galaxy ultra-violet luminosity distributions, galaxy stellar mass distributions, first galaxies, and reionization. Having measured vhrms(1), we then embark on a journey to the past that leads to a consistent set of measured dark matter properties, including mass, temperature and spin.

关键词： Warm Dark Matter Dwarf Galaxies Spiral Galaxies elliptical Galaxies Galaxy Distributions First Galaxies Reionization

A Comment on the Hubble expansion Parameter Tension

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 61-64页

作者： bruce Hoeneisen Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador

We point out that the recent baryon acoustic oscillation measurement by the Dark energy Survey collaboration relieves the Hubble expansion parameter tension.

关键词： Hubble Parameter H0 Tension

Complex ammonium oxidation demands visualized resolution

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Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2478-2482页

作者： Zhihao Chen Yonghong Wu Jan Dolfing Shunyao Zhuang Baozhan Wang Dan Li Shan Huang bruce e.Rittmann State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Zigui Three Gorges Reservoir ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Ministry of Water Resources of the People’s Republic of ChinaYichang 443605China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China d College of Nanjing University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 211135China Faculty of energy and environment Northumbria UniversityNewcastle-upon-Tyne NE18QHUK Department of Microbiology College of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental MicrobiologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanjing 210095China College of Urban Construction Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Department of Civil and environmental engineering Princeton UniversityPrinceton NJ 08540USA Biodesign Swette Center for environmental Biotechnology Arizona State UniversityTempe AZ 85287-5701USA

The nitrogen cycle plays a vital role in sustaining productive and healthy ecosystems,with the microbial nitrogen cycle being a focal point in agriculture and eco-environmental *** these microbially mediated processes is ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))oxidation,the gatekeeper of the nitrogen *** understanding of ammonium oxidation is continuously evolving,thanks to recent research breakthroughs like comammox,Feammox,and dirammox[1-6].The increasing complexity of ammonium oxidation necessitates more precise and well-focused research tools beyond those commonly used today.

关键词： ammonium breakthrough precise