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Bovine immunoglobulin protein isolates for the nutritional management of enteropathy

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第33期20卷 11713-11726页

作者： Bryon W petschow Anthony T Blikslager Eric M Weaver Joy M Campbell Javier polo Audrey L Shaw bruce p burnett Gerald L Klein J Marc Rhoads Entera Health Inc. NC 27518 United States College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 United States ApC Inc. Ankeny IA 50021 United States ApC Europe S.A. Barcelona E-08403 Spain University of Texas Health Sciences Center Houston TX 77030 United States

The gastrointestinal tract is responsible for a multitude of digestive and immune functions which depend upon the balanced interaction of the intestinal microbiota, diet, gut barrier function, and mucosal immune response. Disruptions in one or more of these factors can lead to intestinal disorders or enteropathies which are characterized by intestinal inflammation, increased gut permeability, and reduced capacity to absorb nutrients. Enteropathy is frequently associated with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune enteropathy, radiation enteritis, and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS), where pathologic changes in the intestinal tract lead to abdominal discomfort, bloating, abnormal bowel function(e.g., diarrhea, urgency, constipation and malabsorption). Unfortunately, effective therapies for the management ofenteropathy and restoring intestinal health are still not available. An accumulating body of preclinical studies has demonstrated that oral administration of plasmaor serum-derived protein concentrates containing high levels of immunoglobulins can improve weight, normalize gut barrier function, and reduce the severity of enteropathy in animal models. Recent studies in humans, using serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate, demonstrate that such protein preparations are safe and improve symptoms, nutritional status, and various biomarkers associated with enteropathy. Benefits have been shown in patients with HIV infection or diarrhea-predominant IBS. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical studies with plasma/serum protein concentrates and describes the effects on host nutrition, intestinal function, and markers of intestinal inflammation. It supports the concept that immunoglobulin-containing protein preparations may offer a new strategy for restoring functional homeostasis in the intestinal tract of patients with enteropathy.

关键词： Immunoglobulins plasma proteins Inflammation Gut barrier Diarrhea Malabsorption Treatment Nutrition

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Case Series of 10 Drug-Refractory IBS patients Who Respond to Oral Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin/protein Isolate (SBI)

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第10期4卷 321-328页

作者： Raouf Hilal patricia Mitchell Ernesto Guerra Jr. bruce p. burnett Center for Advanced Gastroenterology Maitland USA San Antonio Gastroenterology Associates San Antonio USA Department of Medical Affairs Entera Health Inc. Cary USA

Aim: The responses of 10 patients with long-standing, symptomatic, intractable drug-refractory histories of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) and with abdominal pain, gas/bloating and distention, termed IBS undefined (IBS-U), were evaluated when administering a medical food product containing serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI). Methods: patients in this case series were chosen based on their lack of satisfactory response to a variety of drugs, including antidiarrheal and antispasmodic medications, serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs), proton pump inhibitors (ppIs), antibiotics, and antidepressive drugs. patients met Rome III criteria and were administered 5 g/day of SBI as standard-of-care nutritional support. A scale of 0% - 25%, 25% - 50%, 50% - 75%, 75% - 100% response to SBI was used for patient-reported improvement in overall IBS symptoms following administration for one month. Exact methods for calculating confidence intervals and p-values were used to assess complete management of symptoms and response to therapy. Adverse events were also monitored for this nutritional product. Results: The onset of gastrointestinal (GI) symptom reduction utilizing nutritional management with SBI occurred within an average time of 2-4 weeks with improved or near complete management in all 10 patients who were refractory to previous drug therapies by 4 weeks. When prompted, patients reported significant IBS symptom improvement which averaged between 50% - 100% (p = 0.002) with an average for complete management in all patients of 69%. No side effects were reported after SBI administration even when taken for up to 28 weeks. Conclusion: Based on the safety profile and reported outcomes in this case report, SBI should be considered as a nutritional option for management in IBS-D and IBS-U.

关键词： Irritable Bowel Syndrome Diarrhea Gas Bloating Distention Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulins

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From physics to fixtures to food:current and potential LED efficacy

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2271-2279页

作者： paul Kusuma p.Morgan pattison bruce Bugbee Crop physiology Laboratory Utah State UniversityLogan 84341 UTUSA Solid State Lighting Services Johnson City 37604 TNUSA

Overview Light-emitting diodes(LEDs)have enabled a historic increase in the conversion of electric energy to photons,but this is approaching a physical *** theoretical maximum efficiency occurs when all input energy is converted to energy in photosynthetic *** LEDs can be 93%efficient,phosphor-converted“whites”76%efficient,and red LEDs 81%*** improvements open new opportunities for horticultural lighting.

关键词： diodes phosphor approaching

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Modified malleable prosthesis with a fixed mesh:case series for the Ghattas technique

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第2期24卷 167-170页

作者： Osama Ghattas Mohamed Fahmy Doheim Hossam Kotb Arthur L burnett Dar-elzokora Center of Andrology Alexandria 21500Egypt Alexandria Faculty of Medicine Alexandria UniversityAlexandria 21131Egypt Department of Urology Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA

penile prosthetic implantation represents a cornerstone for patients with organic erectile dysfunction(ED)that is refractory,unsatisfactory,or contra-indicated for other approved medical or mechanical *** this study,we introduce the“Ghattas technique,”wherein we constructed a polypropylene mesh sheath that surrounds and is fixed to a 13-mm malleable prosthesis cylinder,which can increase the cylinder diameter for cases that need a larger *** patients underwent preoperative evaluation and completed the five-item International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire(IIEF-5).postoperative outcomes were evaluated by IIEF-5 and Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction(EDITS)questionnaires at final *** mean age of the 23 included patients was 57.9(standard deviation[s.d.]:11.4)years and the mean duration of ED was 8.5(s.d.:7.9)*** improvement was determined by comparing mean preoperative and postoperative IIEF-5 scores(8.3[s.d.:3.9]vs 24.6[s.d.:0.6],pproposed Ghattas technique was safe and effective in our patients,and provides opportunity for cases that need a diameter larger than 13 *** studies are needed to confirm these results.

关键词： erectile dysfunction mesh penile prosthesis surgical technique

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A new perspective on quiet Sun magnetism

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第11期52卷 1660-1664页

作者： LITES bruce William High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric ResearchP.O. Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307 USA

The Hinode mission has provided us with a new, quantitative view of the magnetism of the quiet Sun. It has revealed that the quiet internetwork areas are blanketed by horizontal fields that appear at first sight to have more flux than the vertical fields resolved on the same 0.3 size scale. These measurements point to the possibility that the horizontal fields might be the primary source of the "hidden turbulent flux" of the quiet Sun anticipated from Hanle effect depolarization. In this paper, evidence is presented suggesting that the "seething" horizontal fields observed by Harvey in 2007 and the horizontal fields revealed by Hinode are the same phenomenon. Because the seething fields appear to be of uniform fluctuation over the whole disk, the phenomenon is most likely not associated with the dynamo source of solar activity. Thus, the small-scale "hidden turbulent flux" lends support to the notion of a local solar dynamo acting on granular sizes and time scales.

关键词： Sun magnetism fields granulation

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One-Dimensional Nonlinear Laplacians under a 3-point Boundary Condition

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2010年第9期26卷 1641-1652页

作者： bruce D.CALVERT Department of Mathematics University of Auckland

We consider a three-point boundary value problem for operators such as the one-dimensional p-Laplacian, and show when they have solutions or not, and how many. The inverse operators are given by various formulas involving zeros of a real-valued function. They are shown to be orderpreserving, for some parameter values, and non-singleton valued for others. The operators are shown to be m-dissipative in the space of continuous functions.

关键词： Boundary value problems nonlinear o.d.e.s p-Laplacian three-point boundary value problem m-dissipative

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Effects of porosity heterogeneity on chemical dissolution-front instability in fluid-saturated rocks

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Journal of Central South University 2017年第3期24卷 720-725页

作者： ZHAO Chong-bin peter SCHAUBS bruce HOBBS Computational Geosciences Research Centre Central South University Changsha 410083 China CSIRO Mineral Resource National Research Flagship R O. Box 1130 Bentley WA 6102 Australia School of Earth and Environment The University of Western Australia Crawley WA 6009 Australia

Homogeneity and heterogeneity are two totally different concepts in *** the particle length scale,rocks exhibit strong heterogeneity in their constituents and *** the heterogeneity of porosity obeys the random uniform distribution,both the mean value and the variance of porosities in the heterogeneous porosity field can be used to reflect the overall heterogeneous characteristics of the porosity *** main purpose of this work is to investigate the effects of porosity heterogeneity on chemical dissolution front instability in fluid-saturated rocks by the computational simulation *** related computational simulation results have demonstrated that:1) since the propagation speed of a chemical dissolution front is inversely proportional to the difference between the final porosity and the mean value of porosities in the initial porosity field,an increase in the extent of the porosity heterogeneity can cause an increase in the mean value of porosities in the initial porosity field and an increase in the propagation speed of the chemical dissolution front.2) An increase in the variance of porosities in the initial porosity field can cause an increase in the instability probability of the chemical dissolution front in the fluid-saturated rock.3) The greater the mean value of porosities in the initial porosity field,the quicker the irregular morphology of the chemical dissolution front changes in the supercritical chemical dissolution *** means that the irregular morphology of a chemical dissolution front grows quicker in a porosity field of heterogeneity than it does in that of homogeneity when the chemical dissolution system is at a supercritical stage.

关键词： porosity heterogeneity chemical dissolution front instability computational simulation porous rocks

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The integration of geophysical and enhanced Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Normalized Difference Vegetation Index data into a rule-based, piecewise regression-tree model to estimate cheatgrass beginning of spring growth

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第2期8卷 118-132页

作者： Stephen p.Boyte bruce K.Wylie Donald J.Major Jesslyn F.Brown Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies Inc.Contractor to the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science(EROS)CenterSioux FallsSDUSA USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science(EROS)Center Sioux FallsSDUSA U.S.Bureau of Land Management-Great Basin Restoration Initiative BoiseIDUSA

Cheatgrass exhibits spatial and temporal phenological variability across the Great Basin as described by ecological models formed using remote sensing and other spatial *** developed a rule-based,piecewise regression-tree model trained on 99 points that used three data-setslatitude,elevation,and start of season time based on remote sensing input datato estimate cheatgrass beginning of spring growth(BOSG)in the northern Great *** model was then applied to map the location and timing of cheatgrass spring growth for the entire *** model was strong(R^(2)=0.85)and predicted an average cheatgrass BOSG across the study area of 29 March–4 *** early cheatgrass BOSG areas,65% occurred at elevations below 1452 *** highest proportion of cheatgrass BOSG occurred between mid-April and late *** cheatgrass BOSG in this study matched well with previous Great Basin cheatgrass green-up studies.

关键词： remote sensing invasive species ecological model Great Basin phenology

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Differences between amorphous indium oxide thin films

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progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2013年第5期23卷 475-480页

作者： D.bruce Buchholz Li Zeng Michael J.Bedzyk Robert p.H.Chang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University

A series of 60~nm thick indium oxide thin-films,all amorphous as determined by x-ray diffraction,were found to have physical and electrical properties that depended on the temperature of *** carrier mobility and flm conductivity decreased with decreasing deposition temperature;the best electrical properties of high mobility and conductivity were observed at a deposition temperature just below the temperature at which crystalline films *** density of the flm also decreased with deposition temperature from 7.2g/cm3 at+50℃ to 5.3g/cm3 at 100℃.

关键词： Transparent conducting oxide Semiconductor Oxide Amorphous Deposition temperature

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MicroRNAs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第11期33卷 539-544页

作者： Jeff p.bruce Fei-Fei Liu princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Department of Radiation Oncology Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Department of Radiation Oncology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Department of Medical Biophysics University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) provide insight into both the biology and clinical behavior of many human cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NpC). The dysregulation of miRNAs in NpC results in a variety of tumor-promoting effects. Furthermore, several miRNAs are prognostic markers for NpC. In addition to cellular miRNAs, NpC samples also often contain miRNAs encoded by Epstein-Barr virus, and these miRNAs may impact NpC biology by targeting both cellular and viral genes. Given their numerous putative roles in NpC development and progression, a thorough understanding of the impact of miRNA dysregulation in NpC is expected to shed light on useful biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the clinical management of this disease. In this review, we describe the efforts to date to identify and characterize such miRNAs in the context of NpC.

关键词： microRNA 鼻咽癌 Epstein-Barr病毒 miRNA 生物标志物微RNA 临床管理 NpC

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