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2018年急性缺血性卒中患者早期管理指南美国心脏协会／美国卒中协会为医疗专业人员制定的指南

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国际脑血管病杂志 2018年第2期26卷 81-113页

作者： William J. Powers Alejandro A. Rabinstein Teri Ackerson Opeolu M. Adeoye Nicholas C. Bambakidis Kyra Becker José Biller Michael Brown Bart M. Demaerschalk Brian Hoh Edward C. Jauch Chelsea S. Kidwell Thabele M. leslie-Mazwi bruce Ovbiagele Phillip A. Scott Kevin N. Sheth Andrew M. Southerland Deborah V. Summers David l. Tirschwell 徐加平刘慧慧张霞石际俊黄志超尤寿江郭志良肖国栋杜万良曹勇军美国心脏协会卒中委员会苏州大学附属第二医院 215004 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院北京100050

背景和目的本指南旨在在单个文件中为治疗成年急性动脉性缺血性卒中患者的临床医生提供最新全面的系列推荐意见。目标读者为院前急救人员、医生、综合医疗保健人员和医院管理人员。本指南将取代2013年版指南及其后续更新。方法写作组成... 详细信息

背景和目的本指南旨在在单个文件中为治疗成年急性动脉性缺血性卒中患者的临床医生提供最新全面的系列推荐意见。目标读者为院前急救人员、医生、综合医疗保健人员和医院管理人员。本指南将取代2013年版指南及其后续更新。方法写作组成员由美国心脏协会卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员任命，代表各领域的医学专家。严格遵循美国心脏协会的利益冲突原则。不允许写作组成员对存在企业利益关系的相关议题进行讨论或投票。所有推荐意见必须得到写作组成员的一致通过，除非企业利益关系妨碍了成员投票。由4名同行评议专家以及卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会和领导委员会成员对指南草案进行发布前评审。本指南采用了美国心脏病学学会／美国心脏协会2015年推荐意见分类和证据级别标准以及新版美国心脏协会指南格式。结果本指南详细介绍了院前医疗、紧急和急诊评估、静脉和血管内治疗以及院内管理，包括在发病后最初2周内启用的二级预防措施。本指南支持院前和院内卒中医疗系统的一体化概念。结论本指南基于目前可获得的最佳证据。然而，许多情况资料有限，迫切需要对急性缺血性卒中的治疗进行持续研究。

关键词： AHA科学声明二级预防卒中治疗

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肥胖黑人青少年和白人青少年最大耗氧量的比较

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第2期2卷 57-58页

作者： Andreacci J.l. Robertson R.J. DubéJ.J. 王一飞 130 Centennial Hall Bloomsburg University 400 East Second Street Bloomsburg PA 17815 United States Dr.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) differed between clinically obese black and white children and if a difference existed to determine whether it was related to hematological profiles and/or physical activity/inactivity levels. Twenty-three black and 21 white adolescents were matched for age, BMI, and Tanner stage (II-V). Body composition was determined by DEXA and CT scan, Daily physical activity/inactivity was assessed by questionnaire. VO2max was assessed using the bruce treadmill protocol. Black participants had significantly lower VO2max and VO2max FFM values when compared with white adolescents (26.1 ± 4.2 versus 29.9 ± 3.1 ml · kg-1 · min-1; 48.3 ± 8.8 versus 55.6 ± 5.2 ml · kg-1 FFM · min -1, respectively). Black adolescents also had significantly lower Hb concentrations ( Hb ) than white children (12.7 ± 1.3 versus 13.4 ± 0.7 g/dl). Black adolescents were more physically inactive than their white peers. VO2max correlated with Hb for the combined groups. Obese black adolescents had lower VO2max compared with white children and this difference was explained, in part, by the lower Hb observed in the black participants. Further investigations should study Hb flow rate (a function of Hb · maximal cardiac output) and physical activity/inactivity patterns in obese black and white children as it relates to VO2max.

关键词：最大耗氧量青少年白人黑人肥胖 VO2max CT扫描检查体力活动 DEXA 调查问卷

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急性卒中影像学研究路径图Ⅱ

国际脑血管病杂志 2014年第2期22卷 81-92页

作者： Max Wintermark Gregory W. Albers Joseph P. Broderick Andrew M. Demchuk Jochen B. Fiebach Jens Fiehler James C. Grotta Gary Houser Tudor G. Jovin Kennedy R. lees Michael H. lev David S. liebeskind Marie luby Keith W. Muir Mark W. Parsons Rudiger von Kummer Joanna M. Wardlaw Ona Wu Albert J. Yoo Andrei V. Alexandrov Jeffry R. Alger Richard I. Aviv Roland Bammer Jean-Claude Baron Fernando Calamante bruce C.V. Campbell Trevor C. Carpenter Sφren Christensen William A. Copen Colin P. Derdeyn E. Clarke Haley Jr Pooja Khatri Kohsuke Kudo Maarten G. lansberg lawrence l. latour Ting-Yim lee Richard leigh Weili lin Patrick lyden Grant Mair Bijoy IC Menon Patrik Michel Robert Mikulik Raul G. Nogueira left φstergaard Salvador Pedraza Christian H. Riedel Howard A. Rowley Pina C. Sanelli Makoto Sasaki Jeffrey l. Saver Pamela W. Schaefer Peter D. Schellinger Georgios Tsivgoulis lawrence R. Wechsler Philip M. White Greg Zaharchuk Osama O. Zaidat Stephen M. Davis Geoffrey A. Donnan Anthony J. Furlan Werner Hacke Dong-Wha Kang Chelsea Kidw ell Vincent N. Thijs Gotz Thomalla Steven J. Warach 严晓铭刘牧张晶晶柯开富不详南通大学附属医院神经内科 226001

卒中影像学研究组（StrokeImagingResearchGroup，STIR）、美国神经放射学学会和美国神经放射学学会基金会在过去1年多的时间时举办了一系列的工作会议，最后一次会议于2013年3月9日至10日在华盛顿召开的卒中治疗专业学术圆桌会议（Stro... 详细信息

卒中影像学研究组（StrokeImagingResearchGroup，STIR）、美国神经放射学学会和美国神经放射学学会基金会在过去1年多的时间时举办了一系列的工作会议，最后一次会议于2013年3月9日至10日在华盛顿召开的卒中治疗专业学术圆桌会议（Stroke Treatment Academy Industry Roundtable，STAIR）期间举行。

关键词：急性卒中影像学神经放射学路径会议基金会学会美国

围手术期输注红细胞可降低心脏手术术后远期存活率

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麻醉与镇痛 2010年第5期6卷 81-88页

作者： Stephen D. Surgenor, MD Robert S. Kramer, MD Elaine M. Olmstead, BA Cathy S. Ross, MS Frank W. Sellke, MD Donald S. likosky, PhD Charles A. S. Martin, MBBS Robert E. Helm, Jr., mD bruce J. leavitt, MD Jeremy R. Morton, MD David C. Charlesworth, MD Robert A. Clough, MD Felix Hernandez, MD Carmine Frumiento, MD Arnold Benak, CCP Christian DioData, CCP Gerald T. O'Connor, PhD, DSc 周全红(译) 江伟(校) Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon New Hampshire Maine Medical Center Portland Maine Dartmouth Medical School Hanover New Hampshire Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston Massachusetts Portsmouth Regional Hospital Portsmouth New Hampshire Fletcher Allen Health Care Burlington Vermont New England Heart Institute Catholic Medical Center Manchester New Hampshire Eastern Maine Medical Center Bangor Maine Central Maine Medical Center Lewiston Maine Concord Hospital Concord New Hampshire The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice Dartmouth College Lebanon New Hampshire 不详

背景输注红细胞（RBC）与心脏手术后死亡率升高有关。我们分析了在住院期间接受了1或2个单位RBC输注的心脏手术患者的长期生存情况。方法将2001年至2004年期间9079例，在新英格兰北部地区8个医疗中心中接受了冠状动脉旁路移植术、瓣膜... 详细信息

背景输注红细胞（RBC）与心脏手术后死亡率升高有关。我们分析了在住院期间接受了1或2个单位RBC输注的心脏手术患者的长期生存情况。方法将2001年至2004年期间9079例，在新英格兰北部地区8个医疗中心中接受了冠状动脉旁路移植术、瓣膜手术或同时进行了冠状动脉旁路移植术和瓣膜手术的患者纳入本研究。研究将纳入地区与2006年6月30日社会保障署死亡档案确定的死亡率进行概率性配对。调整的风险比采用Cox比例风险和倾向评分法进行计算。结果36％的患者（n=3254）接受过1或2个单位的RBC。43％的RBCs是在手术中被输注的，分别有56％和1％的RBCs是在手术后和手术前输注的。输血的患者更可能是贫血、高龄、体表面积小、女性和同时患多种疾病的患者。那些在心脏手术住院期间接受了1或2个单位RBCs的患者的存活率显著低于未接受过RBCs的患者（P〈0．001）。调整了患者和疾病特征之后，接受1或2个单位RBCs仍使远期死亡风险提高16％（调整的风险比=1．16，95％CI：1．01—1．34，P=0．035）。结论输注1或2个单位的RBCs可使心脏手术术后存活率降低的风险提高16％。

关键词：术后死亡率心脏手术远期存活率红细胞输注围手术期冠状动脉旁路移植术 RBCs

Observatory science with eXTP

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第2期62卷 97-138页

作者： Jean J.M.in 't Zand Enrico Bozzo Jinlu Qu Xiang-Dong li lorenzo Amati Yang Chen Immacolata Donnarumma Victor Doroshenko Stephen A.Drake Margarita Hernanz Peter A.Jenke Thomas J.Maccarone Simin Mahmoodifar Domitilla de Martino Alessandra De Rosa Elena M.Rossi Antonia Rowlinson Gloria Sala Giulia Stratta Thomas M.Tauris Joern Wilms XueFeng Wu Ping Zhou Iván Agudo Diego Altamirano Jean-luc Atteia Nils A.andersson M.Cristina Baglio David R.Ballantyne Altan Baykal Ehud Behar Tomaso Belloni Sudip Bhattacharyya Stefano Bianchi Anna Bilous Pere Blay Joao Braga Sφren Brandt Edward F.Brown Niccolo Bucciantini luciano Burderi Edward M.Cackett Riccardo Campana Sergio Campana Piergiorgio Casella Yuri Cavecchi Frank Chambers liang Chen Yu-Peng Chen Jér?me Chenevez Maria Chernyakova ChiChuan Jin Riccardo Ciolfi Elisa Costantini Andrew Cumming Antonino D'Aì Zi-Gao Dai Filippo D'Ammando Massimiliano De Pasquale Nathalie Degenaar Melania Del Santo Valerio D'Elia Tiziana Di Salvo Gerry Doyle Maurizio Falanga Xilong Fan Robert D.Ferdman Marco Feroci Federico Fraschetti Duncan K.Galloway Angelo F.Gambino Poshak Gandhi MingYu Ge bruce Gendre Ramandeep Gill Diego G?tz Christian Gouiffès Paola Grandi Jonathan Granot Manuel Güdel Alexander Heger Craig O.Heinke Jeroen Homan Rosario Iaria Kazushi Iwasawa luca Izzo long Ji Peter G.Jonker Jordi José Jelle S.Kaastra Emrah Kalemci Oleg Kargaltsev Nobuyuki Kawai laurens Keek Stefanie Komossa Ingo Kreykenbohm lucien Kuiper Devaky Kunneriath Gang li En-Wei liang Manuel linares Francesco longo FangJun lu Alexander A.lutovinov Denys Malyshev Julien Malzac Antonios Manousakis Ian McHardy Missagh Mehdipour YunPeng Men Mariano Méndez Roberto P.Mignani Romana Mikusincova M.Coleman Miller Giovanni Miniutti Christian Motch Joonas Nättilä Emanuele Nardini Torsten Neubert Paul T.O'Brien Mauro Orlandini Julian P.Osborne luigi Pacciani Stéphane Paltani Maurizio Paolillo Iossif E.Papadakis Biswajit Paul Alberto Pellizzoni Uria Peretz Miguel A.Pérez Torres Emanuele Perinati Chanda Prescod-Weinstein Pablo Reig SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Key laboratory for Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University INAF-IASF Bologna ASI Via del Politecnico snc INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologie Spaziali Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Tübingen Universit?t Tübingen NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ICREA&Institute of Space Sciences(IEEC-CSIC) Campus UABCarrer de Can Magrans CSPAR SPA University of Alabama in Huntsville Department of Physics Texas Tech University INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte leiden Observatory Leiden University Anton Pannekoek Institute University of Amsterdam ASTRON Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya(UPC-IEEC) Universitádegli Studi di Urbino‘Carlo Bo’ Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Dr.Karl-Remeis-Sternwarte and Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics(ECAP) Friedrich Alexander Universit?t Erlangen-Nurnberg Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Instituto de Astrofysíca de Andalucia-CSIC Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Southampton IRAP Universitéde ToulouseCNRSUPSCNES Mathematical Sciences and STAG Research Centre University of Southampton New York University Abu Dhabi Center for Relativistic Astrophysics School of PhysicsGeorgia Institute of Technology Physics Department Middle East Technical University Department of Physics Technion-Israel Institute of Technology INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica Universitàdegli Studi Roma Tre Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais-INPE National Space Institute Technical University of Denmark(DTU Space) Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Dipartimento di Fisica Universitádegli Studi di Cagliari Department of Physics and A

In this White Paper we present the potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP) mission for studies related to Observatory Science targets. These include flaring stars, supernova remnants, accreting white dwarfs, low and high mass X-ray binaries, radio quiet and radio loud active galactic nuclei, tidal disruption events, and gamma-ray bursts. eXTP will be excellently suited to study one common aspect of these objects: their often transient nature. Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020s.

关键词： space research in struments nuclear astrophysics flare stars accretion and accretion disks mass loss and stellar winds cataclysmic binaries X-ray binaries supernova remnants active galactic nuclei X-ray bursts gamma-ray bursts gravitational waves

与安慰剂和晨起服用相比,每日睡前顿服地尔硫分级释放剂治疗慢性稳定型心绞痛的有效性和安全性

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 22-22页

作者： Glasser S.P. Gana T.J. Pascual l.G. Albert K. S. 孟欣 Dr. Division of Preventive Medicine University of Alabama School of Public Health 1717 11th Ave South Birmingham AL 35216 United States

Background: The efficacy and safety of a once-daily graded-release diltiazem hydrochloride(GRD) formulation dosed at 10 pm in doses of 180, 360, and 420 mg were compared with placebo and with GRD 360 mg dosed once daily at 8 am in patients(n=311) with chronic stable angina pectoris. Methods: This was a 3-week multicenter, randomized, doubleblind, double-dummy, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial. Standard bruce protocol treadmill stress test was performed at baseline and end point between 6 and 8 pm(trough for evening doses) and between 7 and 11 am(trough for morning doses). Results: All GRD evening doses showed a significant(P≤.0201) increase in total duration of exercise at trough and a greater significant increase(P≤.0002) at peak, compared with placebo. The GRD 360-mg evening dose showed the greatest increase at trough. In contrast, GRD 360-mg morning dose showed an increase in total duration of exercise at trough that was not significantly different(P=.0555) from placebo am. GRD 360-mg evening dose showed a 4-fold placebo-adjusted improvement compared with GRD 360-mg morning dose between 7 and 11 am. Significant increases(P≤.0240) in time to onset of angina were obtained for all evening doses at trough and peak. All GRD doses were well tolerated, and incidence of adverse events for all GRD groups combined was less than that for placebo. Conclusions: Bedtime GRD significantly increases exercise tolerance in patients with angina pectoris over the 24-hour dosing interval. A greater 4-fold placebo-adjusted improvement occurred between 7 and 11 am compared with the same morning dose, coinciding with the period of increased cardiovascular risk. GRD was safe and well tolerated.

关键词：地尔硫释放剂安慰剂对照负荷试验 bruce 发作间期给药间隔高危时期双模拟无显著性差异

运动试验阳性无冠状动脉病变者血流动力学变化的临床意义

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岭南心血管病杂志 2006年第1期12卷 25-27页

作者：邓鹤秋王琳董杏芳张桂林黄贵华杜衡吉吕红松解放军第458医院心内科广州510602 广州军区空军电子对抗团卫生队广州510900

目的探讨运动试验阳性但无显著冠状动脉病变患者血流动力学变化的临床意义。方法选取因发作性胸痛症状拟诊冠心病入院,选择性冠状动脉造影正常,左心室射血分数超过0．55的病人85例,根据次极量踏车运动试验(bruce方案)结果,分为运动试验... 详细信息

目的探讨运动试验阳性但无显著冠状动脉病变患者血流动力学变化的临床意义。方法选取因发作性胸痛症状拟诊冠心病入院,选择性冠状动脉造影正常,左心室射血分数超过0．55的病人85例,根据次极量踏车运动试验(bruce方案)结果,分为运动试验阳性组58例与阴性组27例,分析两组间升主动脉脉压(pulse pressure,PP)与脉压指数(pulse pressure index,PPI)、左心室舒张末压(left ventricular end diastolic pressure,lVEDP)及左心室舒张末压指数(left ventricular end diastolic pressure index,lVEDPI) 等血流动力学指标变化的临床意义。结果①运动试验阳性与阴性组间的病人一般资料如年龄、性别、是否伴有高血压及左心室射血分数差异无统计学意义(P>0．05);②升主动脉PP与PPI在两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0．05);③lVEDP在运动试验阳性组显著高于阴性组(PlVEDPI则前者显著低于后者(PlVEDP增加者易出现运动试验阳性,提示X综合征者的lVEDP增加可能与心内膜下心肌缺血有关,lVEDPI较lVEDP反应可能更为敏感。

关键词：冠状动脉疾病运动试验升主动脉脉压指数左心室舒张末压

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福建恙虫病立克次体的抗原型

微生物学报 1983年第4期 356-360页

作者：于恩庶关碧玮黄桂森何似庄履平范明远毕德增陈潮权蔡虹福建省流行病研究所中国医学科学院流行病学微生物学研究所

采用补体结合试验和免疫荧光试验的方法,检查了近130株从福建省各种材料分离的恙虫病立克次体,它们分属于5个抗原型。其中3个型与国际公认的Karp、gilliam和TA716型相同,另外两个型(C41和M4型)的国际型别尚待鉴定。这5个型在福建省的分... 详细信息

采用补体结合试验和免疫荧光试验的方法,检查了近130株从福建省各种材料分离的恙虫病立克次体,它们分属于5个抗原型。其中3个型与国际公认的Karp、gilliam和TA716型相同,另外两个型(C41和M4型)的国际型别尚待鉴定。这5个型在福建省的分布有一定的地区性差异,Karp型在光泽县和龙溪地区为多见;gilliam型在平潭县多见;TA716型、C41和M4型分别在龙岩地区、长乐县和平潭县发现。

关键词：立克次体马来西亚立克次氏体恙虫病抗原片原型福建