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Multinuclear MR and MRI study of lithium-ion cells using a variable field magnet and a fixed frequency RF probe

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第1期4卷 10-20页

作者： Andrés Ramírez Aguilera Florin Marica Kevin j.Sanders Md Al Raihan C.Adam Dyker Gillian R.Goward bruce *** UNB MRI Centre Department of PhysicsUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada Department of Chemistry McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada Department of Chemistry University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada

An exploratory multinuclear magnetic resonance(MR)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)study was performed on lithium-ion battery cells with ^(7)Li,^(19)F,and ^(1)H measurements.A variable field superconducting magnet with a fixed frequency parallel-plate radiofrequency(RF)probe was employed in the *** magnetic field was changed to set the resonance frequency of each nucleus to the fixed RF probe frequency of 33.7 *** cartridge-like lithium-ion cells,with graphite anodes and LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.2)O_(2)(NMC)cathodes,were *** cell was pristine,and one was charged to a cell voltage of 4.2 *** results presented demonstrate the great potential of the variable field magnet approach in multinuclear measurement of lithium-ion *** methods open the door for developing faster and simpler methods for detecting,quantifying,and interpreting MR and MRI data from lithium-ion and other batteries.

关键词： Multinuclear MR/MRI Variable field magnet Lithium-ion battery Parallel-plate rf probe

Generation of Eco-Friendly and Disease-Resistant Channel Catfish(Ictalurus punctatus)Harboring the Alligator Cathelicidin Gene via CRISPR/Cas9 Engineering

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 273-286页

作者： jinhai Wang Baofeng Su De Xing Timothy j.bruce Shangjia Li Logan Bern Mei Shang Andrew johnson Rhoda Mae C.Simora Michael Coogan Darshika U.Hettiarachchi Wenwen Wang Tasnuba Hasin jacob Al-Armanazi Cuiyu Lu Rex A.Dunham School of Fisheries Aquacultureand Aquatic SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

As a precise and versatile tool for genome manipulation,the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)platform holds promise for modifying fish traits of *** the aim of reducing transgene introgression and controlling reproduction,upscaled disease resistance and reproductive intervention in catfish species have been studied to lower the potential environmental risks of the introgression of escapees as transgenic *** advantage of the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated system,we succeeded in integrating the cathelicidin gene(As-Cath)from an alligator(Alligator sinensis)into the target luteinizing hormone(lh)locus of channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus)using two delivery systems assisted by double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)and single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides(ssODNs),*** this study,high knock in(KI)efficiency(22.38%,64/286)but low ontarget events was achieved using the ssODN strategy,whereas adopting a dsDNA as the donor template led to an efficient on-target KI(10.80%,23/213).The on-target KI of As-Cath was instrumental in establishing the lh knockout(LH^(–)_As-Cath^(+))catfish line,which displayed heightened disease resistance and reduced fecundity compared with the wild-type(WT)sibling ***,administration of human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue(LHRHa)can restore the reproduction of the transgenic fish ***,we replaced the lh gene with an alligator cathelicidin transgene and then administered hormone therapy to move towards complete reproductive control of diseaseresistant transgenic catfish in an environmentally responsible *** strategy not only effectively improves consumer-valued traits but also guards against unwanted introgression,providing a breakthrough in aquaculture genetics to confine fish reproduction and prevent the establishment of transgenic or domestic genotypes in the natural environment.

关键词： Genome editing ssODN dsDNA Antimicrobial peptide Reproductive confinement Aquaculture

Diabetic retinopathy: recent advances towards understanding neurodegeneration and vision loss

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第6期58卷 541-549页

作者： barber Alistair j. Penn State Hershey Eye Center Penn State Hershey College of Medicine Milton S. Hershey Medical Center

Diabetic retinopathy （DR） is one of the most common retinal diseases world-wide. It has a complex pathology that involves the vasculature of the inner retina and breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier. Extensive research has determined that DR is not only a vascular disease but also has a neurodegenerative component and that essentially all types of ceils in the retina are affected, leading to chronic loss of visual function. A great deal of work using animal models of DR has established the loss of neurons and pathology of other cell types, including supporting glial cells. There has also been an increased emphasis on measuring retinal function in the models, as well as further validation and extension of the animal studies by clinical and translational research. This article will attempt to summarize the more recent developments in research towards understanding the complexities of retinal neurodegeneration and functional vision loss in DR.

关键词： retina diabetes neurodegeneration visual function vascular function apoptosis synapse dendrite

The neuroimaging of neurodegenerative and vascular disease in the secondary prevention of cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第8期16卷 1490-1499页

作者： Morgan j.Schaeffer Leona Chan Philip A.barber Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada

Structural brain changes indicative of dementia occur up to 20 years before the onset of clinical symptoms. Efforts to modify the disease process after the onset of cognitive symptoms have been unsuccessful in recent years. Thus, future trials must begin during the preclinical phases of the disease before symptom onset. Age related cognitive decline is often the result of two coexisting brain pathologies: Alzheimer's disease(amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration) and vascular disease. This review article highlights some of the common neuroimaging techniques used to visualize the accumulation of neurodegenerative and vascular pathologies during the preclinical stages of dementia such as structural magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and white matter hyperintensities. We also describe some emerging neuroimaging techniques such as arterial spin labeling, diffusion tensor imaging, and quantitative susceptibility mapping. Recent literature suggests that structural imaging may be the most sensitive and cost-effective marker to detect cognitive decline, while molecular positron emission tomography is primarily useful for detecting disease specific pathology later in the disease process. Currently, the presence of vascular disease on magnetic resonance imaging provides a potential target for optimizing vascular risk reduction strategies, and the presence of vascular disease may be useful when combined with molecular and metabolic markers of neurodegeneration for identifying the risk of cognitive impairment.

关键词： amyloid arterial spin labeling cognitive decline dementia imaging magnetic resonance imaging positron emission tomography quantitative susceptibility mapping tau vascular disease white matter hyperintensities

Anti-bat tiger moth sounds:Form and function

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Current Zoology 2010年第3期56卷 358-369页

作者： Aaron j.CORCORAN William E.CONNER jesse R.barber Department of Biology Wake Forest University Department of Fish Wildlife and Conservation BiologyColorado State University

The night sky is the venue of an ancient acoustic battle between echolocating bats and their insect prey. Many tiger moths （Lepidoptera： Arctiidae） answer the attack calls of bats with a barrage of high frequency clicks. Some moth species use these clicks for acoustic aposematism and mimicry, and others for sonar jamming, however, most of the work on these defensive functions has been done on individual moth species. We here analyze the diversity of structure in tiger moth sounds liom 26 spe- cies collected at three locations in North and South America. A principal components analysis of the anti-bat tiger moth sounds reveals that they vary markedly along three axes：（1） frequency, （2） duty cycle （sound production per unit time） and frequency modulation, and （3） modulation cycle （clicks produced during flexion and relaxation of the sound producing tymbal） structure. Tiger moth species appear to cluster into two distinct groups： one with low duty cycle and few clicks per modulation cycle that supports an acoustic aposematism function, and a second with high duty cycle and many clicks per modulation cycle that is con- sistent with a sonar jamming function. This is the first evidence from a community-level analysis to support multiple functions for tiger moth sounds. We also provide evidence supporting an evolutionary history for the development of these strategies. Further- more, cross-correlation and spectrogram correlation measurements failed to support a ＂phantom echo＂ mechanism underlying sonar jamming, and instead point towards echo interference [Current Zoology 56 （3）： 358-369, 2010].

关键词： Acoustic aposematism Sonar jamming Arctiidae Cross-correlation Autocorrelation

A mechanochemical two for one:Mechanical activation of norborn-2-en-7-one releases carbon monoxide and switches on aggregation-induced emission

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Aggregate 2022年第2期3卷 1-2页

作者： Ross W.barber Maxwell j.Robb Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCaliforniaUSA

Mechanical forces are typically considered to be destructive in polymeric materials,leading to degradation via nonspecific chain ***,the emergence of the mechanophore hypothesis has enabled the design of polymers that... 详细信息

关键词： mechanophore polymer mechanochemistry molecular release

Designation of a new genus Bathymenes for the deep-sea pontoniine shrimps of the 'Periclimenes alcocki species group'(Decapoda,Caridea,Palaemonidae),with a checklist of the species assigned to the genus

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Chinese journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2016年第1期34卷 170-176页

作者：寇琦李新正 Alexander j.bruce Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Crustacea Section Queensland Museum

A new genus of the deep-sea pontoniine shrimps,Bathymenes gen. nov.,is established for the 'Periclimenes alcocki species group' of the genus Periclimenes Costa,1844. The new genus is distinguished from other genera of the Pontoniinae by a combination of characters: the posteriormost dorsal rostral tooth remote from other teeth,situated in the epigastric position,cornea usually reduced,the propodus of second pereiopods covered with fine granules,the dactylus of the major second chela being generally flanged,the ambulatory pereiopods with the dactyli being biunguiculate and telson with more than two pairs of dorsolateral spines. The genus is mainly distributed in the tropical to warm-temperate Indo-West Pacific waters at depths greater than 200 m. Fifteen species previously recognized as belonging to the 'P.a lcocki species group' are now placed in Bathymenes gen. nov. A key for their identification and a checklist of congeneric species are provided.

关键词： Palaemonidae Pontoniinae Periclimenes Bathymenes deep-sea new genus

Performance enhancement of futuristic airplanes by nature inspired biomimetic fish scale arrays--A design approach

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Biomimetic Intelligence & Robotics 2022年第2期2卷 32-47页

作者： Ganesh Natarajan S bruce Ralphin Rose j Department of Mechanical Engineering Anna University Regional Campus TirunelveliTamilnaduIndia

Biomimetics has an immense potential to drive the next generation of technologies forward by propounding competent solutions from *** decades,the nonsmooth topography of most living creatures has been critical to their existence and *** to human-made smooth surfaces,when adapted for fluid flow applications,nonsmooth surfaces can enhance the overall aerodynamic performance by reducing the drag ***,the bioinspired scale structure of fish has been identified as a key biomimetic derivative for improving the aerodynamic efficiency in various cross-domain *** study investigates the aerodynamics of a fish scale array(FSA)NACA 0021 model at a specific Reynolds number(Re)of approximately 2.46×105 that is meant for laminar flow conditions using Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)tools and a subsonic wind tunnel facility.A 3D printed biomimetic FSA film is developed and affixed on the NACA 0021 wing profile for the experimental investigation,followed by flow visualization through the smoke tunnel *** proved qualitatively under specific aerodynamic conditions,the creation of velocity streaks has a major role in the drag reduction *** obtain a clear perspective of flow across the overlapping fish scale structures,the results are focused on the central and overlapping regions of the FSA *** experiment has proved the existence of a combined formation of low and high velocity streaks in central and overlapping *** FSA 0021 model showed a maximum drag reduction of 9.57%,which was attributed to the streak formation phenomenon observed in the overlapping FSA configuration.

关键词： Biomimetics Aerodynamics Fish scale arrays Drag reduction Bioinspired design

Dynamic stability characterization of re-entry modules at hypersonic mach numbers

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International journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2017年第1期8卷 153-164页

作者： j.Vinoth j.bruce Ralphin Rose Department of Aeronautical Engineering Regional Campus Anna UniversityTirunelveli Tamil Nadu 627007India

At the time of re-entry modules entering into the atmosphere from space,a small perturbation introduces dynamic oscillations on the vehicle because of their extreme traveling *** dynamic stability characteristics of re-entry modules at hypersonic Mach numbers is of considerable relevance to their initial *** the present paper,the dynamic stability of blunt cone model about 10◦is examined with wide range of design parameters such as nose bluntness,semi-vertex angle and center of rotation through theoretical and experimental *** approximations are made over a model based on the standard Newtonian *** are conducted at 0.25m hypersonic wind tunnel at M=8.3 and the following trends are observed from the experimental ***,the incremental higher nose bluntness,semi-vertex angle and center of rotation reduce the dynamic *** higher hypersonic Mach numbers(M>10),dynamic stability characteristics of the re-entry module are insensitive to the free stream Mach ***,it is observed that the dynamic stability is increased in proportion to the vibration amplitude at hypersonic speeds.

关键词： Re-entry dynamic stability Newtonian theory flexure pivot center of rotation least square method