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The new kid on the block in insect pest management:sprayable RNAi goes commercial

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1766-1768页

作者： Junjie Yan Ralf Nauen Stuart Reitz Andrei Alyokhin Jiang Zhang David Mota-Sanchez Yonggyun Kim Subba Reddy Palli Silvia I.Rondon Brian A.Nault Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes Michael S.Crossley William e.Snyder Angharad M.R.Gatehouse Myron P.Zalucki bruce e.tabashnik Yulin Gao State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Bayer AG Crop Science DivisionR&DPest ControlMonheim 40789Germany Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityOntario 97914USA School of Biology and ecology University of MaineOrono 04469USA Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China Department of entomology Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48864USA Department of Plant Medicals Andong National UniversityAndong 36729Republic of Korea Department of entomology University of KentuckyLexington 40503USA Oregon State University Oregon Integrated Pest Management CenterCorvallis 97838USA Department of entomology Cornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGeneva 14456USA Department of entomology and Plant Pathology University of TennesseeKnoxville 37996USA Department of entomology and Wildlife ecology University of DelawareNewark 19716USA Department of entomology University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia 30602USA School of Natural and environmental Sciences Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK School of the environment University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Shandong engineering Research Center for environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Department of entomology University of ArizonaTucson 85721USA National Center of excellence for Tuber and Root Crop Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Insect pest damage to crops is a threat to global food security(Tilman et al.,2011).Climate change,the evolution of insecticide resistance,and the phasing out of insecticides due to environmental and safety concerns exacerbate this *** urgently need safe and effective crop protection tools to sustainably generate yields that meet ever-increasing global demand.

关键词： crops damage pest

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采用多种农药治理抗性的理论、事实和建议

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农药译丛 1992年第5期14卷 45-50页

作者： bruce e.tabashnik 赵勇美国夏威夷大学昆虫学系

为延缓抗性发展而采用农药混用措施并不是一种新的想法,但最近越来越受到人们的关注.几种农药的合用包括有:"序列"(Sequences)、"混用"(mixtunes)、"轮用"(rotations)和"嵌入"(mosaics)等用法."序列"用法是指连续使用一种农药(A)直至抗... 详细信息

为延缓抗性发展而采用农药混用措施并不是一种新的想法,但最近越来越受到人们的关注.几种农药的合用包括有:"序列"(Sequences)、"混用"(mixtunes)、"轮用"(rotations)和"嵌入"(mosaics)等用法."序列"用法是指连续使用一种农药(A)直至抗性产生,然后再用另一种农药(B),即AAABBB;"混用"是指对目标物同时接触混合的多种药剂;"轮用"是指几种药剂之间轮换使用,即ABABAB或AABBAABB;"嵌入"用法是指空间上使用的变化,即相邻的区域同时受到不同药剂的处理.

关键词：农药延缓抗性抗性

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Cry1Ac和Cry2Ab防治棉铃虫的交互抗性和互作

Cry1Ac和Cry2Ab防治棉铃虫的交互抗性和互作

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中国植物保护学会2016年学术年会

作者：魏纪珍郭予元梁革梅吴孔明张杰 bruce e.tabashnik 李显春湖北大学生命科学学院中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室 Department of entomology University of Arizona

"pyramid"策略利用植物产生2种或多种毒素来杀死害虫,用以延缓害虫对于转Bt蛋白基因作物的抗性发展。我们在室内对于棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)进行了生物测定,评价了转Cry1Ac和Cry2Ab双基因棉花的交互抗性和互作。Cry1Ac筛选125代... 详细信息

"pyramid"策略利用植物产生2种或多种毒素来杀死害虫,用以延缓害虫对于转Bt蛋白基因作物的抗性发展。我们在室内对于棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)进行了生物测定,评价了转Cry1Ac和Cry2Ab双基因棉花的交互抗性和互作。Cry1Ac筛选125代的棉铃虫对Cry1Ac产生了1000倍的抗性,同时对Cry2Ab产生了6.8倍的交互抗性。Cry2Ab筛选29代的棉铃虫对Cry2Ab产生了5.6倍的抗性,同时对Cry1Ac产生了61倍的交互抗性。停止Bt筛选后,棉铃虫对两种毒素的抗性都降低了。在检测的4个棉铃虫的抗性品系中,棉铃虫在67%

关键词：棉铃虫交互抗性互作

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Your personal choices in transportation and food are important for lowering carbon emissions

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2024年第6期18卷 27-32页

作者： bruce Logan Fang Zhang Wulin Yang Le Shi Institute of energy and the environment The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA School of environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of environmental Sciences and engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

There is a global need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to limit the extent of climate change.A better understanding of how our own activities and lifestyle influence our energy use and carbon emissions can help us enable changes in activities that can lead to reductions in carbon *** we discuss an approach based on examining carbon emissions from the perspective of the unit C,where 1 C is the CO_(2)from food a person would on average eat every *** approach shows that total CO_(2)emissions in China,normalized by the population,is 22.5 C while carbon emissions for a person in the US is 43.9 C.A better appreciation of our own energy use can be obtained by calculating carbon emissions from our own activities in units of C,for example for driving a car gasoline or electric vehicle a certain number of kilometers,using electricity for our homes,and eating different *** this information,we can see how our carbon emissions compare to national averages in different countries and make decisions that could lower our personal CO_(2)emissions.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Climate change Daily energy Greenhouse gas

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Spinal intradural electrodes: opportunities, challenges and translation to the clinic

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 503-504页

作者： bruce Harland Chien Yew Kow Darren Svirskis School of Pharmacy University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Department of Neurosurgery Auckland City HospitalAucklandNew Zealand

Damage to the spinal cord disrupts the electrically active nerve cells which normally transmit afferent and efferent signals,resulting in loss of motor,sensory,and autonomic *** treatments for spinal cord injury utilizing implanted spinal electrodes can be broadly classified into three different *** first of these approaches is“spinal stimulation”where electrodes,usually positioned above the level of injury,provide electrical stimulation to target and disrupt pain signals before they reach the *** second approach uses“activity-dependent neuro-technologies”,in which electrodes positioned below the level of injury initiate a complex spatiotemporal pattern of stimulation at the lumbar spinal cord to generate a walking gait in the limbs(Minev et al.,2015;Wagner et al.,2018).

关键词： stimulation electrodes utilizing

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Are James Webb Space Telescope Observations Consistent with Warm Dark Matter?

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 45-60页

作者： bruce Hoeneisen Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador

We compare observed with predicted distributions of galaxy stellar masses M* and galaxy rest-frame ultra-violet luminosities per unit bandwidth LUV, in the redshift range z=2 to 13. The comparison is presented as a function of the comoving warm dark matter free-streaming cut-off wavenumber kfs. For this comparison the theory is a minimal extension of the Press-Schechter formalism with only two parameters: the star formation efficiency, and a proportionality factor between the star formation rate per galaxy and LUV. These two parameters are fixed to their values obtained prior to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) data. The purpose of this comparison is to identify if, and where, detailed astrophysical evolution is needed to account for the new JWST observations.

关键词： James Webb Space Telescope JWST Warm Dark Matter

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A Comment on the Hubble expansion Parameter Tension

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 61-64页

作者： bruce Hoeneisen Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador

We point out that the recent baryon acoustic oscillation measurement by the Dark energy Survey collaboration relieves the Hubble expansion parameter tension.

关键词： Hubble Parameter H0 Tension

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Rationale and design of Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular events III (TRACe III): a randomised, phase III, open- label, controlled trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 82-89页

作者： Yunyun Xiong bruce C V Campbell Marc Fisher Lee H Schwamm Mark Parsons Hao Li Yuesong Pan Xia Meng Xingquan Zhao Yongjun Wang Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Department of Medicine and Neurology The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical SchoolLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background and purpose Recombinant human TNK tissue-type plasminogen activator(rhTNK-tPA)was not inferior to alteplase for ischaemic stroke within *** study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients who had an ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion(LVO)of anterior circulation beyond *** and design Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular events-III(TRACe III)is a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open-label,blind endpoint,controlled clinical *** who had an ischaemic stroke due to anterior circulation LVO(internal carotid artery,middle cerebral artery M1 and M2 segments)within 4.5–24hours from last known well(including wake-up stroke and no witness stroke)and with salvageable tissue(ischaemic core volumee≥15mL)based on CT perfusion or MRI perfusion-weighted imaging(PWI)were included and randomised to rhTNK-tPA 0.25mg/kg(single bolus)to a maximum of 25mg or standard medical ***,we will exclude patients who are intended for direct *** will be followed up for 90 *** outcomes Primary efficacy outcome is modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score≤1 at 90 *** efficacy outcomes include ordinal distribution of mRS at 90 days,major neurological improvement defined by a decrease≥8 points compared with the initial deficit or a score≤1 on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)at 72 hours,mRS score≤2 at 90 days,the rate of improvement on Tmax>6s at 24 hours and NIHSS score change from baseline at *** outcomes are symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage within 36 hours and mortality at 90 *** TRACe III will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients who had an ischaemic strokes due to anterior circulation LVO beyond *** registration number NCT05141305.

关键词： Therapy random Rational

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Assessment of groundwater quantity, quality, and associated health risk of the Tano river basin, Ghana

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 325-353页

作者： Adwoba Kua-Manza edjah bruce Banoeng-Yakubo Anthony ewusi enoch Sakyi-Yeboah David Saka Clara Turetta Giulio Cozzi David Atta-Peters Larry Pax Chegbeleh Water Resources Research Centre Ghana Atomic Energy CommissionAccraGhana earth Science Department University of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Geological engineering Department University of Mines and TechnologyTarkwaGhana Department of Statistics University of GhanaAccraLegonGhana Institute of Polar Sciences National Research Council of ItalyVeniceItaly

In the Tano River Basin,groundwater serves as a crucial resource;however,its quantity and quality with regard to trace elements and microbiological loadings remain poorly understood due to the lack of groundwater logs and limited water *** study presents a comprehensive analysis of the Tano River Basin,focusing on three key ***,it investigated the aquifer hydraulic parameters and the results showed signiﬁcant spatial variations in borehole depths,yields,transmissivity,hydraulic conductivity,and speciﬁc *** boreholes were concentrated in the northeastern and southeastern zones,while geological formations,particu-larly the Apollonian Formation,exhibit a strong inﬂuence on borehole *** study identiﬁed areas with high transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity in the southern and eastern regions,suggesting good groundwater avail-ability and suitability for sustainable water ***-ondly,the research investigated the groundwater quality and observed that the majority of borehole samples fall within WHO(Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality,environmental Health Criteria,Geneva,2011,***://***)***,some samples have pH levels below the standards,although the groundwater generally qualiﬁes as *** study further explores hydrochemical facies and health risk assessment,highlighting the dominance of Ca–HCO3 water *** element analysis reveals minimal health risks from most elements,with chromium(Cr)as the primary contributor to chronic health ***,this study has provided a key insights into the Tano River Basin’s hydrogeology and associated health *** outcome of this research has contributed to the broader understanding of hydrogeologi-cal dynamics and the importance of managing groundwater resources sustainably in complex geological environments.

关键词： Groundwater Unsupervised machine learning technique Hydrochemistry Aquifer hydraulic parameter Health risk

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韩国生活用纸行业——依赖进口,专注维持生产技术能力

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生活用纸 2024年第3期24卷 38-41页

作者： bruce Janda 不详

韩国作为一个出口驱动型经济强国,其生活用纸行业是个罕见的例外,为净进口。但是,相比大多数发达经济体,韩国受到失业率和通货膨胀的影响较小,没有太多阻碍消费增长的问题,因此,生产商正在集中精力提高技术能力,而不是扩大规模。2023—2... 详细信息

韩国作为一个出口驱动型经济强国,其生活用纸行业是个罕见的例外,为净进口。但是,相比大多数发达经济体,韩国受到失业率和通货膨胀的影响较小,没有太多阻碍消费增长的问题,因此,生产商正在集中精力提高技术能力,而不是扩大规模。2023—2028年期间,韩国纸浆和纸板市场预计将以5.20%的复合年均增长率增长。一个重要因素是当地消费者对环保产品和包装的认识不断增强。2020年,韩国的纸张产量大约为1,163万t。

关键词：发达经济体失业率环保产品经济强国净进口通货膨胀生产技术能力年均增长率

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