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科学通报 2007年第6期52卷 660-667页

作者：刘胜毅刘仁虎 Akinwunmi O.latunde-dada Hans J.Cools Simon J.Foster 黄永菊 bruce d.l.fitt Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL5 2JQUK 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所武汉430062 浙江省农业科学院杭州310021

油菜黑胫病是由弱毒种leptosphaeria bigloaosa和强毒种***混合感染引起的油菜严重病害．本文比较研究了弱毒种预接种、化学诱导剂水杨酸类似物（acibenzolar-S-methyl）和维他命K3类似物（menadione sodium bisulphite）处理所诱导的... 详细信息

油菜黑胫病是由弱毒种leptosphaeria bigloaosa和强毒种***混合感染引起的油菜严重病害．本文比较研究了弱毒种预接种、化学诱导剂水杨酸类似物（acibenzolar-S-methyl）和维他命K3类似物（menadione sodium bisulphite）处理所诱导的油菜对强毒种在抗性表型、组织细胞和RNA水平上的反应．诱导接种或化学处理后用强毒种接种．强毒种接种后8～21d，受诱导的植株其病斑扩展速度比水处理的对照显著降低，无论是受诱导的叶（局部效应）还是上部未诱导的叶（系统效应）均如此．强毒种接种后96h，观察到侵入叶组织的病原菌菌丝周围坏死的叶肉细胞，而在对照的植株上没有观测到．定量PCR分析表明，病害防御反应的标记基因PdF1．2，PR-1，NPR1，APX和CHB4在接种后0～96h的表达发生了变化．弱毒种预接种处理优先激活了茉莉酸，乙烯途径的基因表达，包括NPR1的诱导加强表达，这种效应不仅是局部的，而且是系统的．

关键词：化学诱导剂防御基因表达防御信号途径诱导的系统抗性油菜黑胫病

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油菜黑胫病原真菌的分离与鉴定

油菜黑胫病原真菌的分离与鉴定

Your personal choices in transportation and food are important for lowering carbon emissions

中国植物病理学会2008年学术年会

作者：刘泽李强生 Avice M.Hall bruce d.l.fitt 安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 University of Hertfordshire HatfieldHertfordshire AL10 9ABUK Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL5 2JQUK

在2005～2007年,从我国一些油菜产区获得油菜黑胫病害感染植株,病原物分离鉴定的结果显示,其致病真菌为侵染性较弱的 leptosphaeria biglobosa,具有强侵染性的菌种 *** 尚未从上述产区获得。在菌落形态上(包括在营养基质上的生长速度和... 详细信息

在2005～2007年,从我国一些油菜产区获得油菜黑胫病害感染植株,病原物分离鉴定的结果显示,其致病真菌为侵染性较弱的 leptosphaeria biglobosa,具有强侵染性的菌种 *** 尚未从上述产区获得。在菌落形态上(包括在营养基质上的生长速度和色素合成等),中国的 *** 菌株与欧洲的 *** 菌株具有很大相似性。

关键词：油菜油菜黑胫病油菜黑胫病菌

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 27-32页

作者： bruce logan Fang Zhang Wulin Yang le Shi Institute of Energy and the Environment The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

There is a global need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to limit the extent of climate change.A better understanding of how our own activities and lifestyle influence our energy use and carbon emissions can help us enable changes in activities that can lead to reductions in carbon *** we discuss an approach based on examining carbon emissions from the perspective of the unit C,where 1 C is the CO_(2)from food a person would on average eat every *** approach shows that total CO_(2)emissions in China,normalized by the population,is 22.5 C while carbon emissions for a person in the US is 43.9 C.A better appreciation of our own energy use can be obtained by calculating carbon emissions from our own activities in units of C,for example for driving a car gasoline or electric vehicle a certain number of kilometers,using electricity for our homes,and eating different *** this information,we can see how our carbon emissions compare to national averages in different countries and make decisions that could lower our personal CO_(2)emissions.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Climate change daily energy Greenhouse gas

Spinal intradural electrodes: opportunities, challenges and translation to the clinic

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 503-504页

作者： bruce Harland Chien Yew Kow darren Svirskis School of Pharmacy University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand department of Neurosurgery Auckland City HospitalAucklandNew Zealand

damage to the spinal cord disrupts the electrically active nerve cells which normally transmit afferent and efferent signals,resulting in loss of motor,sensory,and autonomic *** treatments for spinal cord injury utilizing implanted spinal electrodes can be broadly classified into three different *** first of these approaches is“spinal stimulation”where electrodes,usually positioned above the level of injury,provide electrical stimulation to target and disrupt pain signals before they reach the *** second approach uses“activity-dependent neuro-technologies”,in which electrodes positioned below the level of injury initiate a complex spatiotemporal pattern of stimulation at the lumbar spinal cord to generate a walking gait in the limbs(Minev et al.,2015;Wagner et al.,2018).

关键词： stimulation electrodes utilizing

Clinical implications of reconsideration of enthesitis/enthesopathy/enthesial erosion,as tendon attachmentlocalized avulsions and stress fracture equivalents

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第10期15卷 902-907页

作者： bruce M Rothschild department of Medicine Indiana University Ball Memorial HospitalMuncieIN 47303United States

Recognizing the mechanical origin of enthesitis/enthesopathy and the avulsion-nature of what had previously been considered erosions,it seems inappropriate to attribute it to stresses related to a person’s normal ***,sudden or unconditioned repetitive stresses appears the more likely *** of enthesial reaction have lacked standardization as to findings present among individuals who appear to be *** evaluation by palpation and mani-pulation may be as effective as application of radiologic *** of the mechanical nature of the disease,including individuals with inflammatory arthritis suggests prescription of mechanical solutions that reduce stresses across the involved enthesis.

关键词： Enthesitis Epicondylitis Erosion Avulsion Clinical examination

Transforming nanoscale VO_(2)(B) into a scalable sodium-ion electrode

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8809-8818页

作者： Yunkai luo Swetha Chandrasekaran Bintao Hu Randy Chen Marcus Worsley bruce dunn department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA lawrence livermore National laboratory CA 94550USA

The intermittent nature of renewable energies requires highly reliable grid-level energy storage approaches.A critical consideration in developing this technology is the areal capacity which determines battery performance and influences the cost of battery *** related importance is finding new ways of developing scalable *** recent years,threedimensional(3d)printing of conductive scaffolds has emerged as an alternative to overcome the scalability limitations of commercial tape cast *** research carried out in the current study demonstrates a successful scalability pathway for nanoscale VO_(2)(B),a desirable cathode for sodium-ion batteries which has a nano-flower morphology with a crystallite sizelectrodepositing VO_(2)(B)onto a graphene aerogel scaffold,we were able to achieve mass loading of over 100 mg·cm^(-2) and still possess an areal capacity of 10 mAh·cm^(-2) at a current density of 5 mA·cm^(-2).Moreover,after 1000 cycles,these electrodes retained 75% to 80% of their initial *** at high loading levels,the electrodeposited VO_(2)(B)exhibits pseudocapacitive material signatures such as a box-like voltammetry response,linear galvanostatic response,and no phase change upon *** scalability of the VO_(2)(B)electrode is demonstrated in a series of experiments which show the areal capacity to scale upon increase in both mass loading and electrode thickness,with only small changes in specific *** study establishes that nanoscale materials can be scaled up to achieve thick electrodes without compromising their electrochemical properties.

关键词： nano VO_(2)(B) sodium-ion battery scalable electrodes three-dimensional(3d)printed scaffold additive manufacturing

Are James Webb Space Telescope Observations Consistent with Warm dark Matter?

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 45-60页

作者： bruce Hoeneisen Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador

We compare observed with predicted distributions of galaxy stellar masses M* and galaxy rest-frame ultra-violet luminosities per unit bandwidth lUV, in the redshift range z=2 to 13. The comparison is presented as a function of the comoving warm dark matter free-streaming cut-off wavenumber kfs. For this comparison the theory is a minimal extension of the Press-Schechter formalism with only two parameters: the star formation efficiency, and a proportionality factor between the star formation rate per galaxy and lUV. These two parameters are fixed to their values obtained prior to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) data. The purpose of this comparison is to identify if, and where, detailed astrophysical evolution is needed to account for the new JWST observations.

关键词： James Webb Space Telescope JWST Warm dark Matter

Measurements of the dark Matter Mass, Temperature and Spin

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期14卷 184-202页

作者： bruce Hoeneisen Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador

We summarize several measurements of the dark matter temperature-to-mass ratio, or equivalently, of the comoving root-mean-square thermal velocity of warm dark matter particles vhrms(1). The most reliable determination of this parameter comes from well measured rotation curves of dwarf galaxies by the lITTlE THINGS collaboration: vhrms(1)=406±69 m/s. Complementary and consistent measurements are obtained from rotation curves of spiral galaxies measured by the SPARC collaboration, density runs of giant elliptical galaxies, galaxy ultra-violet luminosity distributions, galaxy stellar mass distributions, first galaxies, and reionization. Having measured vhrms(1), we then embark on a journey to the past that leads to a consistent set of measured dark matter properties, including mass, temperature and spin.

关键词： Warm dark Matter dwarf Galaxies Spiral Galaxies Elliptical Galaxies Galaxy distributions First Galaxies Reionization

A Comment on the Hubble Expansion Parameter Tension

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 61-64页

作者： bruce Hoeneisen Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador

We point out that the recent baryon acoustic oscillation measurement by the dark Energy Survey collaboration relieves the Hubble expansion parameter tension.

关键词： Hubble Parameter H0 Tension