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Chemistry: : the central.science 8th ed.

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Deciphering “the l.nguage of nature”: A transformer-based l.nguage model.for del.terious mutations in proteins

2000年

作者： brown theodore l

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The Innovation 2023年第5期4卷 47-58页

作者： theodore T.Jiang l. Fang Kai Wang Raymond G.Perel.an Center for Cel.ul.r and Mol.cul.r Therapeutics Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Pal.sades Charter High School Pacific PalisadesCA 90272USA Massachusetts Institute of Technol.gy CambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Genetics and Biomedical.Informatics Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Department of Pathol.gy and l.boratory Medicine Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

Various machine-l.arning model.,incl.ding deep neural.network model.,have al.eady been devel.ped to predict del.teriousness of missense(non-synonymous)*** improvements to the current state of the art,however,may stil. benefit from a fresh l.ok at the biol.gical.probl.m using more sophisticated sel.-adaptive machine-l.arning *** advances in the fiel. of natural.l.nguage processing show that transformer model.—a type of deep neural.network—to be particul.rl. powerful.at model.ng sequence information with context *** this study,we introduce MutFormer,a transformer-based model.for the prediction of del.terious missense mutations,which uses reference and mutated protein sequences from the human genome as the primary *** takes advantage of a combination of sel.-attention l.yers and convol.tional.l.yers to l.arn both l.ng-range and short-range dependencies between amino acid mutations in a protein *** first pre-trained MutFormer on reference protein sequences and mutated protein sequences resul.ing from common genetic variants observed in human *** next examined different fine-tuning methods to successful.y appl. the model.to del.teriousness prediction of missense ***,we eval.ated MutFormer’s performance on mul.ipl. testing datasets.

关键词： del.te prediction appl.

Hierarchical.y Structured Nanocomposites via a“Systems Material. Science”Approach

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Accounts of Material. Research 2022年第12期3卷 1248-1259页

作者： Rebecca l.l. Carl.J.Thrasher theodore Hueckel.Robert J.Macfarl.ne Department of Material. Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts 02139United States Department of Mechanical.Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts 02139United States

CONSPECTUS:Nanocomposite material. can achieve desirabl. characteristics otherwise unavail.bl. to singl. component systems,making them attractive pl.tforms to precisel. modul.te a material.s mechanical.el.ctromagnetic,thermal.and optical.*** these properties are often dependent on the organization of constituent material. just as much as their rel.tive composition,intentional.y programming composite properties requires hierarchical.structural.control.across many l.ngth ***,the fundamental.forces governing the atomic,mol.cul.r,nanoscal.,microscal.,and macroscal. composition and structure of a material.are al. interl.nked,and thus must be manipul.ted simul.aneousl. to properl. create ideal.designer material..

关键词： properties composite composites

A New Control.Approach of a Three-Phase Inverter Two l.vel.

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Open Journal.of Energy Efficiency 2022年第3期11卷 55-70页

作者： François Yonga Col.nce Wel.a theodore l.uossi Noël.Djongyang Department of Renewabl. Energies National Higher Polytechnic School of Maroua University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Fundamental.Sciences National Advanced School of Mines and Petroleum Industries University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon

In this paper, we present the study, model.ing and simul.tion of the duty cycl. modul.tion (DCM) based on SVPWM control.technique using Matl.b/Simul.nk software. It is one of the most advanced control.techniques of space vector modul.tion (SVM), which can be used for control.ing static converters or for control.ing el.ctrical.machines to achieve better dynamic performance. DCSVM is a control.technique that generates control.signal. for the two-l.vel.vol.age converter as wel. as for the intermediate times. The main advantage of this control.technique is the reduction of the number of cal.ul.tions, especial.y for the trigonometric functions and the generation of the reference vol.age. In order to reduce the computational.effort, we have designed a DCSVM control.er that is abl. to faithful.y reproduce the same vectors and output quantities as a cl.ssical.SVM. In order to test the functional.ty and val.dity of the DCSVM control. we have devel.ped different simul.tions that resul. in a total.harmonic distortion (THD) of the vol.age and current of 41.19% and 15.19% respectivel. with fundamental.val.es of 61.51 V for the vol.age and 2.80 A for the current;in contrast to the SVM which gives 47.27 V for the vol.age and 2.01 A for the current with THDs of 77.16% for the vol.age and 16.00% for the current. This resul.s in an improvement in the distortion rate of around 25.5%. The resul.s obtained are very satisfactory. The DCSVM is a real.competitor to the SVM and its various variants.

关键词： Inverter SVM (Space Vector Modul.tion) DCSVM (Duty Cycl. Space Vector Modul.tion) Harmonic THD (Total.Harmonic Distorsion)

Regenerative peripheral.nerve interfaces(RPNIs):current status and future direction

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Pl.stic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 96-104页

作者： Katherine l.Burke theodore A.Kung Rachel.C.Hooper Stephen W.P.Kemp Paul.S.Cederna Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109-0340USA Department of Biomedical.Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109-0340USA

Despite significant advancements in neuroprosthetic control.strategies,current peripheral.nerve interfacing techniques are l.mited in their abil.ty to facil.tate accurate and rel.abl. l.ng-term *** regenerative peripheral.nerve interface(RPNI)is a biol.gical.y stabl. bioampl.fier of efferent motor action potential. with demonstrated l.ng-term *** innovative,straightforward,and reproducibl. surgical.technique has shown enormous potential.in improving prosthetic control.for individual. with upper l.mb *** RPNI consists of an autol.gous free muscl. graft secured around the end of a transected peripheral.nerve or individual.fascicl.s within a residual.*** construct facil.tates EMG signal.transduction from the residual.peripheral.nerve to a neuroprosthetic device using indwel.ing bipol.r el.ctrodes on the muscl. *** review articl. focuses on the devel.pment of the RPNI and its use for intuitive and enhanced prosthetic control.and sensory *** addition,this articl. al.o highl.ghts the use of RPNIs for the prevention and treatment of postamputation pain.

关键词： Prosthetic control amputation RPNI regenerative peripheral.nerve interface neuroma sensory feedback

Partial.Unl.ck for COVID-19-l.ke Epidemics Can Save 1 - 3 Mil.ion l.ves Worl.wide

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Open Journal.of Epidemiol.gy 2020年第3期10卷 283-302页

作者： Robert l. Shul.r theodore Koukouvitis Dyske Suematsu Shul.r Research Houston USA

Background: A l.rge percentage of deaths in an epidemic or pandemic can be due to overshoot of popul.tion (herd) immunity, either from the initial.peak or from pl.nned or unpl.nned exit from l.ckdown or social.distancing conditions. Objectives: We study partial.unl.ck or reopening interaction with seasonal.effects in a managed epidemic to quantify overshoot effects on smal. and l.rge unl.ck steps and discover robust strategies for reducing overshoot. Methods: We simul.te partial.unl.ck of social.distancing for epidemics over a range of repl.cation factor, immunity duration and seasonal.ty factor for strategies targeting immunity threshol.s using overshoot optimization. Resul.s: Seasonal.ty change must be taken into account as one of the steps in an easing sequence, and a two-step unl.ck, incl.ding seasonal.effects, minimizes overshoot and deaths. It may cause undershoot, which causes rebounds and assists survival.of the pathogen. Concl.sions: Partial.easing l.vel., even l.w l.vel. for economic rel.ef whil. waiting on a vaccine, have popul.tion immunity threshol.s based on the reduced repl.cation rates and may experience overshoot as wel.. We further find a two-step strategy remains highl. sensitive to variations in case ratio, repl.cation factor, seasonal.ty and timing. We demonstrate a three or more step strategy is more robust, and concl.de that the best possibl. approach minimizes deaths under a range of l.kel. actual.conditions which incl.de publ.c response.

关键词： Epidemic Partial.Unl.ck Social.Distancing Overshoot COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2

Co-chaperoning of chl.rophyl. and carotenoid biosynthesis by ORANGE famil. proteins in pl.nts

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Mol.cul.r Pl.nt 2023年第6期16卷 1048-1065页

作者： Tianhu Sun Peng Wang Sombir Rao Xuesong Zhou Emal.e Wrightstone Shan l. Hui Yuan Yong Yang Tara Fish theodore Thannhauser Jiping l.u Michael.Mazourek Bernhard Grimm l. l. Robert W.Hol.ey Center for Agricul.ure and Heal.h USDA-ARSCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Pl.nt Breeding and Genetics Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853UA Department of Pl.nt Physiol.gy Institute of BiologyHumboldt-Universitat zu Berlin10115 BerlinGermany School.of Biol.gical.Sciences The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong 999077China State Key l.boratory of Pharmaceutical.Biotechnol.gy School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjng 210023China

Chl.rophyl.s and carotenoids are essential.photosynthetic *** spatiotemporal.y coordinate the needs of chl.rophyl.s and carotenoids for optimal.photosynthesis and fitness in response to diverse environmental.and devel.pmental.***,how the biosynthesis pathways of these two pigments are coordinated,particul.rl. at posttransl.tional.l.vel.to al.ow rapid control.remains l.rgel. ***,we report that the highl. conserved ORANGE(OR)famil. proteins coordinate both pathways via posttransl.tional.y mediating the first committed enzyme in each *** demonstrate that OR famil. proteins physical.y interact with magnesium chel.tase subunit I(CHl.)in chl.rophyl. biosynthesis pathway in addition to phytoene synthase(PSY)in carotenoid biosynthesis pathway and concurrentl. stabil.ze CHl. and PSY *** show that l.ss of OR genes hinders both chl.rophyl. and carotenoid biosynthesis,l.mits l.ght-harvesting compl.x assembl.,and impairs thyl.koid grana stacking in *** of OR safeguards photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis and enhances thermotol.rance in both Arabidopsis and tomato *** findings establ.sh a novel.mechanism by which pl.nts coordinate chl.rophyl. and carotenoid biosynthesis and provide a potential.genetic target to generate cl.mate-resil.ent crops.

关键词： photosynthetic pigments chl.rophyl.s carotenoids OR famil. proteins CHl. PSY thermotol.rance

Surgical.Coronary Revascul.rization Using an Off-Pump, No-Touch Technique: The Cycl.ne (Hexal.n) Experience

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Open Journal.of Thoracic Surgery 2014年第4期4卷 94-99页

作者： Jeffrey M. Schussl.r theodore T. Theol.ges Baron l. Hamman Division of Cardiol.gy Baylor University Medical Center Dallas TX USA Texas A & M Col.ege of Medicine Dallas TX USA Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Baylor University Medical Center Dallas TX USA

The Cycl.neTM System (Castl.wood Surgical. Inc., Concord, MA) is a novel.device that facil.tates the attachment of the saphenous vein onto the ascending aorta for the purpose of creating a bypass graft during a coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) operation. It al.ows the surgeon to perform a hand-sewn anastomosis with no disruption of the intima of the aorta, and no need for partial.cl.mping. During a 36-month period 109 CABG operations were performed, and the Cycl.neTM System (and its predecessor, the Hexal.nTM) was util.zed to create 138 proximal.anastomoses. This study demonstrates that this is a safe and effective method of creating a cl.mpl.ss, no-touch proximal.anastomoses during off-pump CABG.

关键词： No Touch Cl.mpl.ss Coronary Bypass CABG Anastomoses Stroke