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Dietary advanced glycation end-products aggravate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第35期22卷 8026-8040页

作者： Christopher Leung Chandana B Herath Zhiyuan Jia Sof Andrikopoulos bronwyn e brown Michael J Davies Leni R Rivera John B Furness Josephine M Forbes Peter W Angus Department of Medicine the University of MelbourneAustin HealthHeidelbergMelbourne Victoria 3084Australia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Austin HealthAustin HospitalHeidelberg MelbourneVictoria 3084 Australia Heart Research Institute Newtown New South Wales 2042Austrulia University of Melbourne Victoria 3052Australia Metabolic Research Unit School of MedicineDeakin UniversityVictoria 3216Austrialia Glycation and Diabetes Complications Group Mater Medical Research InstituteSouth BrisbaneQueensland 4101Australia

AIM To determine if manipulation of dietary advanced glycation end product(AGe), intake affects nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) progression and whether these effects are mediated via RAGe. MeTHODS Male C57Bl6 mice were fed a high fat, high fructose, high cholesterol(HFHC) diet for 33 wk and compared with animals on normal chow. A third group were given a HFHC diet that was high in AGes. Another group was given a HFHC diet that was marinated in vinegar to prevent the formation of AGes. In a second experiment, RAGe KO animals were fed a HFHC diet or a high AGe HFHC diet and compared with wildtype controls. Hepatic biochemistry, histology, picrosirius red morphometry and hepatic mR NA were determined. ReSULTS Long-term consumption of the HFHC diet generated significant steatohepatitis and fibrosis after 33 wk. In this model, hepatic 4-hydroxynonenal content(a marker of chronic oxidative stress), hepatocyte ballooning, picrosirius red staining, α-smooth muscle actin and collagen type 1A gene expression were all significantly increased. Increasing the AGe content of the HFHC diet by baking further increased these markers of liver damage, but this was abrogated by pre-marination in acetic acid. In response to the HFHC diet, RAGe-/-animals developed NASH of similar severity to RAGe+/+ animals but were protected from the additional harmful effects of the high AGe containing diet. Studies in isolated Kupffer cells showed that AGes increase cell proliferation and oxidative stress, providing a likely mechanism through which these compounds contribute to liver injury. CONCLUSION In the HFHC model of NAFLD, manipulation of dietary AGes modulates liver injury, inflammation, and liver fibrosis via a RAGe dependent pathway. This suggests that pharmacological and dietary strategies targeting the AGe/RAGe pathway could slow the progression of NAFLD.

关键词： Advanced glycation end-products Fructose Steatohepatitis Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Hepatic fibrosis Oxidative stress

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The impact of height-adjustable desks and classroom prompts on classroom sitting time,social,and motivational factors among adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 97-105页

作者： bronwyn Sudholz Ana Marıa Contardo Ayala Anna Timperio David W.Dunstan David e.Conroy Gavin Abbott Bernie Holland Lauren Arundell Jo Salmon Pomegranate Community Mental Health St John of God Social OutreachBallaratVIC 3350Australia Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition(IPAN) School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3128Australia Physical Activity Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVIC 3004Australia Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Department of Kinesiology Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611USA The Australian Council for Health and Physical education and Recreation AbbotsfordVIC 3067Australia

Purpose:This quasi-experimental study examined the impact of height-adjustable desks in combination with prompts to break up prolonged sitting time during class time and identified social and motivational factors associated with breaking up sitting time among ***’perceptions of strategies were also ***:Over 17 weeks,1 classroom in a government secondary school in Melbourne,Australia,was equipped with 27 height-adjustable desks and prompts(posters and desk stickers)to break up classroom sitting *** received professional development in the use of the desks and *** group of adolescents(n=55)had 2-5 lessons/week using the height-adjustable desks in an intervention classroom,and a comparison group matched by year level and subject(n=50)was taught in traditional“seated”*** wore an activPAL monitor at baseline(T0),4 weeks(T1),and 17 weeks(T2)and completed a survey at T0 and *** teachers participated in interviews at *** sizes were calculated(d).Results:Linear mixed models found that,compared to the traditional“seated”classrooms,the adolescents in the intervention classroom had significantly lower sitting time(T1:-9.7 min/lesson,d=-0.96;T2:-6.7 min/lesson,d=-0.70)and time spent in sitting bouts>15 min(T2:-11.2 min/lesson,d=-0.62),and had significantly higher standing time(T1:7.3 min/lesson,d=0.84;T2:5.8 min/lesson,d=0.91),number of breaks from sitting(T1:1.3 breaks/lesson,d=0.49;T2:1.8 breaks/lesson,d=0.67),and stepping time(T1:2.5 min/lesson,d=0.66).Intervention classroom adolescents reported greater habit strength(d=0.58),self-efficacy for breaking up sitting time(d=0.75),and indicated that having a teacher/classmate remind them to stand as helpful(d=0.50).Conclusion:This intervention shows promise for targeting sitting behaviors in the classroom and indicates that incorporating social and motivational strategies may further enhance outcomes.

关键词： Adolescent School Sedentary behavior Sitting Standing

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Hepatitis e virus: Western Cape, South Africa

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第44期22卷 9853-9859页

作者： Richie G Madden Sebastian Wallace Mark Sonderup Stephen Korsman Tawanda Chivese bronwyn Gavine Aniefiok edem Roxy Govender Nathan english Christy Kaiyamo Odelia Lutchman Annemiek A van der eijk Suzan D Pas Glynn W Webb Joanne Palmer elizabeth Goddard Sean Wasserman Harry R Dalton C Wendy Spearman Royal Cornwall Hospital Trust and european Centre for environment and Human Health University of Exeter Division of Hepatology Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital National Health Laboratory Service Groote Schuur Hospital Cape Town and Division of Medical Virology University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Viroscience Erasmus Medical Centre Medical Center Rotterdam Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town and Red Cross Children’s Hospital Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital

AIM To conduct a prospective assessment of anti-hepatitis e virus(HeV) Ig G seroprevalence in the Western Cape Province of South Africa in conjunction with evaluating risk factors for *** Consenting participants attending clinics and wards of Groote Schuur, Red Cross Children's Hospital and their affiliated teaching hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa, were sampled. Healthy adults attending blood donor clinics were also recruited. Patients with known liver disease were excluded and all major ethnic/race groups were included to broadly represent local demographics. Relevant demographic data was captured at the time of sampling using an interviewer-administered confidential questionnaire. Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) status was self-disclosed. HeV Ig G testing was performed using the Wantai? *** HeV is endemic in the region with a seroprevalence of 27.9%(n = 324/1161) 95%CI: 25.3%-30.5%(21.9% when age-adjusted) with no significant differences between ethnic groups or HIV status. Seroprevalence in children is low but rapidly increases in early adulthood. With univariate analysis, age ≥ 30 years old, pork and bacon/ham consumption suggested risk. In the multivariate analysis, the highest risk factor for HeV Ig G seropositivity(OR = 7.679, 95%CI: 5.38-10.96, P eing 30 years or older followed by pork consumption(OR = 2.052, 95%CI: 1.39-3.03, P ecent clinical case demonstrates that HeV genotype 3 may be currently circulating in the Western *** Hepatitis e seroprevalence was considerably higher than previously thought suggesting that hepatitis e warrants consideration in any patient presenting with an unexplained hepatitis in the Western Cape, irrespective of travel history, age or ethnicity.

关键词： Hepatitis e Seroprevalence South Africa Pork consumption Genotype

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Adenosine triphosphate induced cell death: Mechanisms and implications in cancer biology and therapy

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2023年第12期14卷 549-569页

作者： Hao-Ling Zhang Doblin Sandai Zhong-Wen Zhang Zhi-Jing Song Dinesh Babu Yasser Tabana Sabbar Saad Dahham Mowaffaq Adam Ahmed Adam Yong Wang Wei Wang Hao-Long Zhang Rui Zhao Khaled Barakat Mohammad Syamsul Reza Harun Siti Nurfatimah Mohd Shapudin bronwyn Lok Department of Biomedical Science Advanced Medical and Dental InstituteUniversity Sains MalaysiaPenang 13200Malaysia School of Public Health Gansu University of Chinese MedicineLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina Clinical College of Chinese Medicine Gansu University of Chinese MedicineLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of AlbertaEdmonton AB T6G 2E1Canada Department of Science University of Technology and Applied Sciences RustaqRustaq 10 P.C.329Oman Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182United States Pathology Center Gansu University of Chinese MedicineLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina Gansu University of Chinese MedicineLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina

Adenosine triphosphate(ATP)induced cell death(AICD)is a critical cellular process that has garnered substantial scientific interest for its profound relevance to cancer biology and to therapeutic *** comprehensive review unveils the intricate web of AICD mechanisms and their intricate connections with cancer *** review offers a comprehensive framework for comprehending the multifaceted role of AICD in the context of *** is achieved by elucidating the dynamic interplay between systemic and cellular ATP homeostasis,deciphering the intricate mechanisms governing AICD,elucidating its intricate involvement in cancer signaling pathways,and scrutinizing validated key ***,the exploration of AICD as a potential avenue for cancer treatment underscores its essential role in shaping the future landscape of cancer therapeutics.

关键词： Adenosine triphosphate induced cell death Adenosine triphosphate homeostasis Mechanism Cancer signaling pathways Prognosis and clinical values Cancer treatment

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