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MHc class Ⅰ-independent activation of virtual memory cD8 T cells induced by chemotherapeutic agent-treated cancer cells

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 723-734页

作者： Xiaoguang Wang brittany c.waschke Rachel A.Woolaver Samantha M.Y.chen Zhangguo chen Jing H.Wang Department of Immunology and Microbiology University of ColoradoAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA

cancer cells can evade immune recognition by losing major histocompatibility complex(MHc)class Ⅰ.Hence,MHc class Ⅰ-negative cancers represent the most challenging cancers to treat.chemotherapeutic drugs not only directly kill tumors but also modulate the tumor immune microenvironment However,it remains unknown whether chemotherapy-treated cancer cells can activate cD8 T cells independent of tumor-derived MHc class Ⅰ and whether such MHc class Ⅰ-independent cD8 T-cell activation can be exploited for cancer immunotherapy.Here,we showed that chemotherapy-treated cancer cells directly activated cD8 T cells in an MHc class Ⅰ-independent manner and that these activated cD8 T cells exhibit virtual memory(VM)phenotypes.consistently,in vivo chemotherapeutic treatment preferentially increased tumor-infiltrating VM cD8 T cells.Mechanistically,MHc class Ⅰ-independent activation of cD8 T cells requires cell-cell contact and activation of the PI3K pathway.VM cD8 T cells contribute to a superior therapeutic effect on MHc class Ⅰ-deficient tumors.Using humanized mouse models or primary human cD8 T cells,we also demonstrated that chemotherapy-treated human lymphomas activated VM cD8 T cells independent of tumor-derived MHc class Ⅰ.In conclusion,cD8 T cells can be directly activated in an MHc class Ⅰ-independent manner by chemotherapy-treated cancers,and these activated cD8 T cells may be exploited for developing new strategies to treat MHc class Ⅰ-deficient cancers.

关键词： DNA-damaging agents B-cell lymphomas virtual memory cD8 T cells cancer immunotherapy MHc classⅠ

Fusion genes in solid tumors: an emerging target for cancer diagnosis and treatment

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chinese Journal of cancer 2013年第11期32卷 594-603页

作者： brittany c.Parker Wei Zhang Department of Pathology Unit 85The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences HoustonTX 77030USA

Studies over the past decades have uncovered fusion genes, a class of oncogenes that provide immense diagnostic and therapeutic advantages because of their tumor-specific expression. Originally associated with hemotologic cancers, fusion genes have recently been discovered in a wide array of solid tumors, including sarcomas, carcinomas, and tumors of the central nervous system. Fusion genes are attractive as both therapeutic targets and diagnostic tools due to their inherent expression in tumor tissue alone. Therefore, the discovery and elucidation of fusion genes in various cancer types may provide more effective therapies in the future for cancer patients.

关键词：融合基因癌症患者治疗性实体瘤肿瘤组织中枢神经系统诊断工具特异性表达

Factors and expectations influencing concussion disclosure within NcAA DivisionⅠathletes:A mixed methodological approach

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 388-397页

作者： Melissa c.Kay Heidi Hennink-Kaminski Zachary Y.Kerr Paula Gildner brittany M.Ingram Kenneth L.cameron Megan N.Houston Laura A.Linnan Stephen W.Marshall Karen Y.Peck Johna K.Register-Mihalik School of Health Professions College of Nursing and Health ProfessionsUniversity of Southern MississippiHattiesburgMS 39406USA School of Media and Journalism University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Injury Prevention Research center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Exercise and Sport Science College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Matthew Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA center for the Study of Retired Athletes University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Keller Army Hospital United States Military AcademyWest PointNY 10996USA Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Surgery Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMD 20814USA Department of Health Behavior School of Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA

Background:Participation in sports is associated with many benefits to all aspects of health;however,it also comes with the risk of injury,particularly concussions.Self-disclosure and care seeking following a concussion are especially important because of the lack of outwardly visible signs and/or symptoms.Although recent research has explored factors affecting concussion disclosure,use of isolated methodologies limits the ability to contextualize how disclosure or nondisclosure occurs.Therefore,the purpose of this study was to describe the factors and expectations of National collegiate Athletic Association(NcAA)athletes that may influence concussion disclosure.Methods:This mixed-methods convergent parallel research study included 25 NcAA Division I athletes representing 13 sports,all of whom completed a concussion-education session with pre-/post-test surveys and a semistructured interview.Eligible athletes were at least 18 years old and on an NcAA roster.The surveys focused on previous concussion-related disclosure behaviors,knowledge,attitudes,beliefs,norms,and intentions about disclosing concussion.Interviews focused on the athletes’experiences related to concussion disclosure.Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U tests.Interviews were analyzed using a consensual Qualitative Research tradition.Results:Participants had good concussion knowledge(median=46.0),positive attitudes(median=38.0),strong beliefs(median=13.0),and strong intentions to disclose concussion symptoms(median=7.0).None of the constructs differed by participants’gender.Although quantitative findings were mostly positive,interview data highlighted factors that may explain why some participants are successful in disclosing concussions and why others may find disclosure difficult.Educational efforts,sport culture,and medical professional presence were the primary facilitators discussed by participants.Stigma,pressure,and a lack of team support were perceived as disclosure barriers.conclusion:The context in whic

关键词： Education Medical professional presence Mixed methodological research Reporting Sport culture

New hope for hepatitis c virus:Summary of global epidemiologic changes and novel innovations over 20 years

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第29期27卷 4818-4830页

作者： brittany B Dennis Leen Naji Yasmin Jajarmi Aijaz Ahmed Donghee Kim Department of Medicine McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8ONCanada Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94304United States Department of Family Medicine McMaster UniversityHamilton L8P 1H6ONCanada Department of Health Research Methods Evidence and ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4K1ONCanada

Hepatitis c virus(HcV)is a global health concern associated with significant morbidity and mortality.Before the approval of second-generation direct-acting antiviral agents(DAAs),interferon therapy and liver transplantation constituted the mainstay of treatment.The introduction of well-tolerated oral DAAs in late 2013 has revolutionized HcV management with over 95%cure rates.The predominance of HcV-related liver transplantations has declined following the widespread approval of DAAs.Despite the unparallel efficacy observed among these novel therapies,pharmaceutical costs continue to limit equitable access to healthcare and likely contribute to the differential HcV infection rates observed globally.To reduce the burden of disease worldwide,essential agenda items for all countries must include the prioritization of integrated care models and access to DAAs therapies.Through transparent negotiations with the pharmaceutical industry,the consideration for compassionate release of medications to promote equitable division of care is paramount.Here we provide a literature review of HcV,changes in epidemiologic trends,access issues for current therapies,and global inequities in disease burden.

关键词： Hepatitis c virus Direct-acting antivirals Global health Liver transplantation People who inject drugs Liver cirrhosis

Estimate of the energy value of soybean meal relative to corn based on growth performance of nursery pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 912-919页

作者： Henrique S.cemin Hayden E.Williams Mike D.Tokach Steve S.Dritz Jason c.Woodworth Joel M.DeRouchey Robert D.Goodband Kyle F.coble brittany A.carrender Mandy J.Gerhart Department of Animal Sciences and Industry College of AgricultureKansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology College of Veterinary MedicineKansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA JBS USA GreeleyCO 80634USA

Background:Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of increasing amounts of soybean meal(SBM)in swine diets and estimate the energy value of SBM.Methods:A total of 2233 pigs(PIc 337×1050,Hendersonville,TN)and 3796 pigs(PIc 359×c40),initially 11.0 kg and 17.6 kg body weight(BW),were used in Exp.1 and 2,respectively.In Exp.1,pigs were placed in 92 pens each containing 20 to 27 pigs.In Exp.2,pigs were placed in 84 pens each containing 37 to 43 pigs.Treatments were assigned in a randomized complete block design with BW as the blocking factor.Dietary treatments consisted of 21%,27%,33%,or 39%SBM in Exp.1 and 17.5%,22%,26.5%,31%,35.5%,or 40%SBM in Exp.2,obtained by changing the inclusion rate of feed-grade amino acids and corn grain.For Exp.1,representative samples of corn grain,SBM,and distillers dried grains with solubles were analyzed for total AA content prior to diet formulation.For Exp.2,diets were formulated using NRc(2012)nutrient loadings.Treatment diets were fed for 21 and 22 d(Exp.1 and 2)and there were 23 replicates in Exp.1 and 14 replicates in Exp.2.Pigs were weighed and feed disappearance measured weekly to calculate average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),gain-to-feed ratio(G:F),and caloric efficiency(cE).Data were analyzed with block as a random effect and treatment as a fixed effect,and contrasts were constructed to test the linear and quadratic effects of increasing SBM.Results:In Exp.1,there was a tendency(linear,P=0.092)for a decrease in ADFI as SBM increased.There was a tendency(P=0.090)for a quadratic response for ADG,with a decrease in ADG observed with 39%SBM inclusion.Pigs fed diets with increasing SBM had a tendency(quadratic,P=0.069)for an increase in G:F up to 33%SBM and an improvement(linear,P=0.001;quadratic,P=0.063)in cE with increasing SBM.Using cE to estimate the energy of SBM relative to corn,a value of 105.4%of corn energy or 2816 kcal/kg NE was determined using all data points.When removing the cE value of the 39%SBM treatment due to the quadratic ten

关键词： caloric efficiency Energy Soybean meal Swine

Virgin coconut Oil Improved Discriminative Learning and Working Memory in Aging cycling and Non-cycling Female Sprague-Dawley Rats Supporting Its Beneficial Effect in Retarding Age-Related cognitive Decline

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Advances in Aging Research 2021年第5期10卷 97-112页

作者： Lauriann Young brittany Smith Annice Webber-Waugh Karen Thaxter Physiology Section Department of Basic Medical Sciences The University of the West Indies (UWI) Mona Jamaica

Aim: Beneficial effects of virgin coconut oil (VcO) consumption to improve cognition in menopausal females remain inconclusive. This study examined the effect of VcO supplementation in aging cycling and non-cycling ro... 详细信息

Aim: Beneficial effects of virgin coconut oil (VCO) consumption to improve cognition in menopausal females remain inconclusive. This study examined the effect of VCO supplementation in aging cycling and non-cycling rodents to assess its impact on cognition. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats (10 - 18 months) were randomly assigned to a supplemented VCO group (SVCO) that received oral doses of 1.42 mL/kg/day VCO (n = 10) and a non-supplemented (NVCO) group (n = 10). Their performance in a biased Y-maze discriminative learning paradigm was assessed over a 16-week period. Rats were initially allowed 3 minutes to explore the maze (habituated) and subsequently pre-trained in the non-preferred, white chamber to associate the presentation of a tone with a treat (reward). Training

关键词： Dementia Menopause Estrous cycle cognitive Impairment

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解析c. S. 路易斯《人之废》

connective Tissue Energy Loss comparison between Joints with and without Hypermobility

2019年

作者： Ruth Jackson，brittany Pheiffer Noble

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2017年第5期10卷 18-27页

作者： Stephen A. Tatarkov Angela c. Tesny brittany M. Lauck Louis A. DiBerardino III Hui Shen Mechanical Engineering Ohio Northern University Ada OH USA

Joint hypermobility syndrome is a condition in which a joint can move effortlessly beyond the normal limit of motion expected for that joint. This syndrome is affected by some factors including gender and tends to be inherited. It may cause some symptoms such as pain in an individual’s synovial joints. The objective of the current study was to compare the energy loss of connective tissues between joints with and without hypermobility. A differential equation model, namely the Kelvin-Voigt model, was used for the energy loss analysis. The results show the difference in energy loss for the tissues attached to joints with and without joint hypermobility. As the stiffness of the connective tissue decreases, the energy loss increases. Muscle activity about the ankle was measured via electromyography during simple functional tasks, and the recorded data were used to correlate with the theoretical analysis of the energy loss. The result would shed light on the pathology analysis of the symptoms such as the cause of pain.

关键词： Joint Hypermobility Syndrome Soft connective Tissues Electromyography Kelvin-Voigt Model

Development of a Portable Electronic Sensor for Detection of the Kudzu Bug, <i>Megacopta cribraria</i>(Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae)

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Advances in Entomology 2017年第3期5卷 75-86页

作者： brittany D. Lampson David c. Degenhardt Jeremy K. Greene Ahmad Khalilian Young J. Han Department of Agricultural Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA Ridge View High School Columbia SC USA Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA

The kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria (Fabricius), recently became an invasive insect pest of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. in the southeastern USA capable of reducing crop yield by as much as 60% if left untreated. To reduce these losses and minimize control costs, new methods for detecting kudzu bugs must be investigated in order to optimize control measures. One such method would be to detect volatiles released by kudzu bugs. An electronic portable device was developed to draw volatile organic compounds (VOcs) produced by kudzu bugs over carbon black-polymer composite sensors and measure the change in resistance for each sensor. Sensors made using polymers poly (bisphenol A carbonate) (p = 0.041), poly (styrene-co-allyl alcohol) (p = 0.017) and poly (vinylpyrrolidone) (p = 0.040) showed significant differences in resistance change for M. cribraria VOcs over the control. A logistic regression was 94.4% accurate based on the resistance changes from sensors made from polymers poly (4-vinylphenol), poly (styrene-co-allyl alcohol), and poly (vinylpyrrolidone) as features. These results indicate the capability of the device to detect kudzu bugs by detecting volatiles released by the insects.

关键词： carbon Black-Polymer composites Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Megacopta cribraria Sensors Volatiles