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Anti-methanogenic potential of seaweeds and seaweed-derived compounds in ruminant feed:current perspectives,risks and future prospects

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 463-489页

作者： Ailbhe McGurrin Julie Maguire brijesh K.Tiwari Marco Garcia-Vaquero Section of Food and Nutrition School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College DublinDublin 4BelfieldIreland TEAGASC Food Research CentreDublin 15AshtownIreland Bantry Marine Research Station Ltd BantryCo.CorkP75 AX07GearhiesIreland

With methane emissions from ruminant agriculture contributing 17%of total methane emissions worldwide,there is increasing urgency to develop strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in this *** of the proposed strategies is ruminant feed intervention studies focused on the inclusion of anti-methanogenic compounds which are those capable of interacting with the rumen microbiome,reducing the capacity of ruminal microorganisms to produce ***,seaweeds have been investigated for their ability to reduce methane in ruminants in vitro and in vivo,with the greatest methane abatement reported when using the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis(attributed to the bromoform content of this species).From the literature analysis in this study,levels of up to 99%reduction in ruminant methane emissions have been reported from inclusion of this seaweed in animal feed,although further in vivo and microbiome studies are required to confirm these results as other reports showed no effect on methane emission resulting from the inclusion of seaweed to basal *** review explores the current state of research aiming to integrate seaweeds as anti-methanogenic feed additives,as well as examining the specific bioactive compounds within seaweeds that are likely to be related to these *** effects of the inclusion of seaweeds on the ruminal microbiome are also reviewed,as well as the future challenges when considering the largescale inclusion of seaweeds into ruminant diets as anti-methanogenic agents.

关键词： Asparagopsis Bromoform Methanogenesis Phlorotannin Saponin Tannin

Thermal Stability of Supercapacitor for Hybrid Energy Storage System in Lightweight Electric Vehicles:Simulation and Experiments

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第1期10卷 170-178页

作者： Vima Mali brijesh Tripathi Department of Electrical Engineering/Solar Energy Pandit Deendayal Petroleum UniversityGandhinagarIndia Department of Science Pandit Deendayal Petroleum UniversityGandhinagarIndia

Recent research findings indicate that the non-monotonic consumption of energy from lithium-ion(Li-ion)batteries results in a higher heat generation in electrical energy storage *** peak demands,a higher heat generation due to high discharging current increases the temperature from 80℃ to 120℃,thereby resulting in thermal *** address peak demands,an additional electrical energy storage component,namely supercapacitor(SC),is being investigated by various research *** paper provides insights into the capability of SCs in lightweight electric vehicles(EVs)to address peak demands using the worldwide harmonized light-duty driving test cycle(WLTC)driving profile in MATLAB/Simulink at different ambient *** results indicate that temperature imposes a more prominent effect on Li-ion batteries compared with SCs under peak demand *** effect of the discharging rate limit on the Li-ion battery current is *** result shows that SCs can accommodate the peak demands for a low discharging current limit on the battery,thereby reducing heat *** impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry are performed on SCs to analyze their thermal performance at different temperatures ranging from 0℃ to 75℃ under different bias values of-0.6,0,0.6,and 1 V,*** results indicate a higher specific capacitance of the SC at an optimum operation temperature of 25℃ for the studied *** study shows that the hybrid combination of the Li-ion battery and SC for a lightweight EV can address peak demands by reducing thermal stress on the Li-ion battery and increasing the driving range.

关键词： Electric vehicle lithium-ion battery supercapacitor thermal stability

Impact of temperature and precipitation lapse rate on hydrological modelling over Himalayan Gandak River Basin

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第12期19卷 3487-3502页

作者： brijesh KUMAR Dipankar ROY Venkataraman LAKSHMI Department of Hydraulic and Water Resource Engineering Bule Hora UniversityBule Hora 144Ethiopia Department of Civil Engineering Madanapalle Institute of Technology&ScienceMadanapalle 517325India Engineering Systemsand Environment Universityof VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22904USA

The hydrology of Himalayan region is influenced by temperature lapse rate(TLAPS)and precipitation lapse rate(PLAPS).Therefore,hydrological modeling considering TLAPS and PLAPS is crucial to manage the water resources in these *** this research,Himalayan Gandak River basin is considered as the study area where TLAPS and PLAPS vary significantly due to high altitude of *** assess the impact of TLAPS and PLAPS on water balance components,Soil Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model was calibrated(2000-2007)and validated(2008-2014)on daily time step for three projects i.e.,Reference Project(RP),Snowmelt Project(SP)and distributed elevation band snowmelt project(SWAT-ETISM).The analysis discloses that SWAT-ETISM model(which has TLAPS and PLAPS parameters)outperforms the RP and the SP models in predicting streamflow with improved statistical indicators R2=0.88,NSE=0.84 and PBIAS=***,it was observed that SWAT-ETISM model comprehensively improved the streamflow statistics by improving the snow water equivalent and water balance components through the consideration of TLAPS and PLAPS values for the ***,the proposed SWAT-ETISM model can be used for estimation of the water budget at the high-altitude and data scarce alpine Himalayan regions and worldwide,where PLAPS and TLAPS are substantial due to altitudinal variation.

关键词： Streamflow SWAT-ETISM Himalayan Regions Water balance Temperature lapse rate Precipitation lapse rate

Identification and characterization of phenolics and terpenoids from ethanolic extracts of Phyllanthus species by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2017年第4期7卷 214-222页

作者： Sunil Kumar Awantika Singh brijesh Kumar Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility CSIR-Central Drug Research InstituteLucknow 226031Uttar PradeshIndia Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) New Delhi 110025India

Phyllanthus species plants are a rich source of phenolics and widely used due to their medicinal properties. A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS) method was developed using high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-ESI-QTOFMS/MS) for the identification and characterization of quercetin, kaempferol, ellagic acid and their derivatives in ethanolic extracts of Phyllanthus species. The chromatographic separation was carried out on Thermo Betasil C_8 column(250 mm×4.5 mm, 5 μm) using 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.1% formic acid in methanol as the mobile phase. The identification of diagnostic fragment ions and optimization of collision energies were carried out using 21 reference standards. Totally 51 compounds were identified which include 21 compounds identified and characterized unambiguously by comparison with their authentic standards and the remaining 30 were tentatively identified and characterized in ethanolic extracts of P. emblica, P. fraternus, P. amarus and ***.

关键词： Phyllanthus species HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Phenolics

Synergistic effect of hybrid Himalayan Nettle/Bauhinia-vahlii fibers on physico-mechanical and sliding wear properties of epoxy composites

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第4期16卷 762-776页

作者： Sandeep Kumar KKSMer brijesh Gangil Vinay Kumar Patel Department of Mechanical Engineering S.O.E.T.H.N.B.Garhwal UniversitySrinagar-Garhwal246174UttarakhandIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Engineering and Technology GhurdauriPauri Garhwal246001UttarakhandIndia

The cellulosic bast fibers are recognized as a justifiable and biodegradable substitute for producing moderate strength polymer composite materials because of their characteristics of renewability,ecofriendliness,and higher specific *** the aim of this research work is to fabricate Himalayan bast fibers(Nettle fiber(NF)/bauhinia vahlii fiber(BF)) based mono/hybrid epoxy composites at varying weight percentage of 2-6 wt% and evaluate the physical(void fraction and water absorption),mechanical(tensile strength,flexural strength,hardness) and sliding wear properties of as-fabricated *** 6 wt% NBF reinforced composites exhibited higher mechanical properties as compared to NF and BF composites with tensile strength of 34.04 MPa,flexural strength of 42.45 MPa,and hardness of 37.01 Hv *** influence of various control factors(sliding velocity,NF/BF/NBF contents,normal load and sliding distance) on specific sliding wear rate of composites was evaluated by Taguchi(three factors at three levels) experimental design and the percentage contribution of these selected parameters on sliding wear performance was examined by Analysis of variance(ANOVA).The sliding wear property of as-developed composites was found to be greatly influenced by sliding velocity and the wear resistance was observed to be improved with the NF/BF/NBF *** wear mechanism of the as-fabricated composites has been elucidated by scanning electron microscopy *** research outcomes demonstrated that the hybridization of Bauhinia vahlii fiber with Nettle fiber led to improve the mechanical and wear properties of epoxy composites.

关键词： Natural fiber Physical properties Mechanical properties Wear properties Taguchi analysis

Analysis of silicon-based integrated photovoltaic–electrochemical hydrogen generation system under varying temperature and illumination

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2017年第1期26卷 72-80页

作者： Vishwa Bhatt brijesh Tripathi Pankaj Yadav Manoj Kumar Department of Solar Energy School of TechnologyPandit Deendayal Petroleum UniversityGandhinagar 382007India Department of Science School of TechnologyPandit Deendayal Petroleum UniversityGandhinagar 382007India Department of Electrical Engineering Incheon National UniversityIncheon 406772Republic of Korea

Last decade witnessed tremendous research and development in the area of photo-electrolytic hydrogen generation using chemically stable nanostructured photo-cathode/anode materials. Due to intimately coupled charge separation and photo-catalytic processes, it is very difficult to optimize individual components of such system leading to a very low demonstrated solar-to-fuel efficiency (SFE) of less than 1%. Recently there has been growing interest in an integrated photovoltaic–electrochemical (PV–EC) system based on GaAs solar cells with the demonstrated SFE of 24.5% under concentrated illumination condition. But a high cost of GaAs based solar cells and recent price drop of poly-crystalline silicon (pc-Si) solar cells motivated researchers to explore silicon based integrated PV–EC system. In this paper a theoretical framework is introduced to model silicon-based integrated PV–EC device. The theoretical framework is used to analyze the coupling and kinetic losses of a silicon solar cell based integrated PV–EC water splitting system under varying temperature and illumination. The kinetic loss occurs in the range of 19.1%–27.9% and coupling loss takes place in the range of 5.45%–6.74% with respect to varying illumination in the range of 20–100 mW/cm2. Similarly, the effect of varying temperature has severe impact on the performance of the system, wherein the coupling loss occurs in the range of 0.84%–21.51% for the temperature variation from 25 to 50 °C. © 2016 Science Press

关键词： Electrochemical cells Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Gallium arsenide Hydrogen production Nanostructured materials Polysilicon Semiconducting gallium Silicon Silicon solar cells Solar power generation

Improvement of User's Accuracy Through Classification of Principal Component Images and Stacked Temporal Images

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2010年第4期13卷 243-248页

作者： Nilanchal Patel brijesh Kumar Kaushal Department of Remote Sensing Birla Institute of Technology Mesra

The classification accuracy of the various categories on the classified remotely sensed images are usually evaluated by two different measures of accuracy, namely, producer＇s accuracy （PA） and user＇s accuracy （UA）. The PA of a category indicates to what extent the reference pixels of the category are correctly classified, whereas the UA of a category represents to what extent the other categories are less misclassified into the category in question. Therefore, the UA of the various categories determines the reliability of their interpretation on the classified image and is more important to the analyst than the PA. The present investigation has been performed in order to determine if there occurs improvement in the UA of the various categories on the classified image of the principal components of the original bands and on the classified image of the stacked image of two different years. We performed the analyses using the IRS LISS Ⅲ images of two different years, i.e., 1996 and 2009, that represent the different magnitude of urbanization and the stacked image of these two years pertaining to Ranchi area, Jharkhand, India, with a view to assessing the impacts of urbanization on the UA of the different categories. The results of the investigation demonstrated that there occurs significant improvement in the UA of the impervious categories in the classified image of the stacked image, which is attributable to the aggregation of the spectral information from twice the number of bands from two different years. On the other hand, the classified image of the principal components did not show any improvement in the UA as compared to the original images.

关键词： producer's accuracy user's accuracy principal components classification stacked image

Effect of bioflocculants on the coagulation activity of alum for removal of trihalomethane precursors from low turbid water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第8期30卷 1-10页

作者： Tanwi Priya Abhrajyoti Tarafdar Bramha Gupta brijesh Kumar Mishra Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)

Reactivity of chlorine towards hydrophobic groups present in natural organic matter（NOM）provokes the formation of carcinogenic disinfection byproducts such as trihalomethanes in chlorinated water. The present study aimed to investigate the variations in coagulant activity of alum using two different bioflocculants（coagulant aid） namely, Moringa oleifera and Cyamopsis tetragonoloba for the removal of hydrophobic fractions of NOM and subsequent chlorine consumption by treated water. Effect of dual coagulants on trihalomethane surrogate parameters such as total organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, UV absorbing materials and prominent hydrophobic species such as phenolic groups along with aromatic chromophores, polyhydroxy aromatic moiety have also been studied. The concept of differential spectroscopy and absorbance slope index has been employed to understand the combined effects of alum-bioflocculants on the reactivity of NOM with chlorine. Our result shows that the combination of alum and C. tetragonoloba is more efficient for reducing trihalomethane surrogates from chlorinated water as compared to M. oleifera. C. tetragonoloba elicited synchronized effects of sweep coagulation and particle bridging-adsorption which eventually facilitated efficient removal of hydrophobic fractions of NOM. The variation in the mechanistic approach of bioflocculants was due to the presence of cationic charge on M. oleifera and adhesive property of C. tetragonoloba.

关键词： Natural organic matter Bioflocculants Disinfection byproducts Trihalomethanes Differential spectroscopy Absorbance slope index

Classification of features selected through Optimum Index Factor (OIF) for improving classification accuracy

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第1期22卷 99-105页

作者： Nilanchal Patel brijesh Kaushal Department of Remote Sensing Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Ranchi - 835215 Jharkhand India

The present investigation was performed to determine if the features selected through Optimum Index Factor （OIF） could provide improved classification accuracy of the various categories on the satellite images of the individual years as well as stacked images of two different years as compared to all the features considered together. Further, in order to determine if there occurs increase in the classification accuracy of the different categories with corresponding increase in the OIF values of the features extracted from both the individual years＇ and stacked images, we performed linear regression between the producer＇s accuracy （PA） of the various categories with the OIF values of the different combinations of the features. The investigations demonstrated that there occurs significant improvement in the PA of two impervious categories viz. moderate built-up and low density built-up determined from the classification of the bands and principal components associated with the highest OIF value as compared to all the bands and principal components for both the individual years＇ and stacked images respectively. Regression analyses exhibited positive trends between the regression coeffi- cients and OIF values for the various categories determined for the individual years＇ and stacked images respectively signifying the prevalence of direct relationship between the increase in the information content with corresponding increase in the OIF values. The research proved that features extracted through OIF from both the individual years＇ and stacked images are capable of providing significantly improved PA as compared to all the features pooled together.

关键词： OIF supervised classification principal components band combinations