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Nonstandard finite-difference schemes for the two-level Bloch model

World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery（心血管外科国际期刊） 2023年第2期

作者： Alexander P.Kossar Yaagnik D.Kosuri Samantha Nemeth brigitte e.kazzi Yuming Ning James Doolittle Denise McLaughlin Paul Kurlansky Isaac George

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2018年第4期9卷 186-208页

作者： Marc e.Songolo brigitte Bidegaray-Fesquet Departement de Mathematiques et Informatique Universit´e de Lubumbashi 1825 Lubumbashi Republique Democratique du Congo Univ.Grenoble Alpes Grenoble INP LJK38000 GrenobleFrance

In this paper, we present splitting schemes for the two-level Bloch model. After proposing two ways to split the Bloch equation, we show that it is possible in each case togenerate exact numerical solutions of the obtained sub-equations. These exact solutionsinvolve matrix exponentials which can be expensive to compute. Here, for 2×2 matriceswe develop equivalent formulations which reduce the computational cost. These splittingschemes are nonstandard ones and conserve all the physical properties (Hermicity, positiveness and trace) of Bloch equations. In addition, they are explicit, making effectivetheir implementation when coupled with the Maxwell’s equations.

关键词： Bloch equation exponential of a matrix exact finite-difference schemes nonstandard finite-difference schemes splitting method.

First ovules integument: what roles?

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National Science Review 2022年第4期9卷 21-22页

作者： brigitte Meyer-Berthaud AMAP Universit ?e de MontpellierCNRSCIRADINRAEIRD

The Famennian is a period of increased taxonomic diversity for the first representatives of the major plant groups,especially the spermatophytes (*** seed plants) that,today,represent the most abundant and diversified plant group on earth [1,2].early spermatophytes evolved a unique ovule-centered reproductive syndrome that allowed them to germinate and grow rapidly in disturbed habitats and,secondarily,to colonize dry habitats unfavorable to the reproduction of their free-sporing predecessors [3,4](Fig.1).In these ovulate organisms,the female gametophyte grows and produces gametes inside the indehiscent megasporangium (nucellus) that differentiates a pollen chamber retaining the pollen grains in its apical *** integument encloses the *** the Runcaria protovule that preceded them by 20 million years,Famennian ovules were all surrounded by a cupule,except perhaps Spermolithus and Warsteinia [5-7].

关键词： DeVONIAN SeeD PLANT

Perturbation and delayed recovery of the reed invertebrate assemblage in Camargue marshes sprayed with Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis

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Insect Science 2018年第4期25卷 542-548页

作者： brigitte Poulin Gaetan Lefebvre Tour du Valat Research Institute Le Sambuc Aries France

Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis （Bti） is the most commonly used larvicide to control mosquitoes worldwide. Considered as nontoxic to most organisms, Bti can nevertheless cause trophic perturbations to natural communities by reducing the abundance of Chironomidae, which are a key element of wetland food webs. Since August 2006, up to 8400 of the 33 000 ha of mosquito larval biotopes in the Camargue （Rh6ne delta, in southern France）, are monitored by a public agency and Bti-sprayed （aqueous solution of VectoBac 12AS at 2.5 L/ha） whenever mosquito larvae （Ochlerotatus easpius and Oc. detritus） appeared in water bodies. This resulted in 30-50 aerial treatments/year, in addition to ground spraying of unknown frequency. The sprayed habitats include Phragmites australis reedbeds, which support a specific avifauna of conservation concern. We compared the abundance of invertebrate prey available to passerine birds at treated and control sites relative to the predicted values based on hydrology over a 9-year period. Food available to reed passerines was significantly reduced at treated areas, translating into a 34% decrease in breeding birds based on predictive modeling. The most affected arthropods were Diptera, Aranaea, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera. No cumulative effects were observed over time, but the recovery of the invertebrate assemblage after the cessation of mosquito control was delayed due to Bti spore persistence and proliferation in the sediments. While hydrology remains a prime factor influencing primary and secondary productivity of the Camargue reed marshes, Bti spraying had significant negative effects on animal communities at several trophic levels.

关键词： Camargue insecticide impact mosquito control Phragmites australis marsh trophic interactions wetland conservation

Management of Vulnating esophageal Foreign Bodies in Burkina Faso

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第2期13卷 135-148页

作者： Ibrahima Diallo Aboubacar Gouéta Alseny Camara Assoumi Anatou Biga Mama brigitte Ouoba edi emmanuel Martial Nao Moustapha Sérémé Bertin Priva Ouédraogo Yvette Marie Chantal Gyébré Abdoulaye Keita Alpha Oumar Diallo eNT and HNS Department Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso eNT and HNS Department Bogodogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso eNT and HNS Department Tengandogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso eNT and HNS Department Conakry University Hospital Conakry Guinea

Introduction: esophageal foreign bodies (eFB) are a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency because of the serious complications they can cause. Aim: This paper aimed to study the vulnating esophageal foreign bodies in the eNT and Head and Neck Surgery departments of the Yalgado Ouedraogo and Bogodogo University Hospital. Methodology: This was an analytic cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection over 10 years (2012-2021). Results: We collected 91 cases of vulnating esophageal foreign bodies, i.e. 9.1 cases/year (4.7%). The mean age of the patients was 14 ± 19 years. The sex ratio was 1.6. The circumstances of occurrence were dominated by accidental ingestion of vulnating esophageal foreign bodies (98.9%). The average time to consultation was 7.5 hours. Dysphagia was the dominant symptom (64.8%). Cervico-thoracic radiography found dual contour radiopaque images in 71.4%. esophagoscopy with rigid tube was performed in 97.8%. The average time for extraction of the vulnating esophageal foreign bodies was 8 hours. Vulnerating esophageal foreign bodies were non-organic in 84.6%. The button cell represented 64.8%. Their location was cervical in 61.5% intraoperatively. The lesion assessment found ulcerative lesions in 42.9% (p Conclusion: Vulnating esophageal foreign bodies are relatively frequent in our eNT practice. Although their diagnosis is often easy, their treatment is still difficult and requires multidisciplinary management. Thus, for us, prevention remains the first effective weapon.

关键词： Foreign Bodies esophagus Vulnerable Management Sequelae

Is Anticoagulation Warranted after Left Atrial Appendage Ligation in Patients at Risk for Stroke after Cardiac Surgery?

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2023年第2期13卷 26-43页

作者： Alexander P. Kossar Yaagnik D. Kosuri Samantha Nemeth brigitte e. kazzi Yuming Ning James Doolittle Denise McLaughlin Paul Kurlansky Isaac George Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery New-York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York USA Columbia HeartSource Center for Innovation and Outcomes Research Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York USA

Objectives: Left atrial appendage ligation (LAAL) may constitute alternative stroke prophylaxis in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Herein we describe the 30-day post discharge outcomes of cardiac surgery patients with elevated stroke risk with or without anticoagulation (AC) following epicardial LAAL. Methods: Data were reviewed for 479 consecutive adult patients who underwent epicardial LAAL from 2014-2019 (median CHA2DS2-VASc score = 4.0). There were 251 and 228 patients discharged with and without AC, respectively, who were followed for 30 days. Patients were matched via 1:1 Propensity Score Matching (PSM;n = 115 per group). Post-discharge outcomes included stroke, bleeding, readmission for cardiac re-intervention, mortality, and a composite endpoint comprised of the aforementioned outcomes. Results: There was no difference in post-discharge stroke incidence regardless of AC (adjusted cumulative incidence (ACI) 0.009 CI [0.001 - 0.043] with AC vs 0.009 CI [0.001 - 0.43] without AC;p = 0.826), post-discharge bleeding (ACI 0.018 CI [0.003 - 0.057] with AC vs 0.009 CI [0.001 - 0.046] without AC;p = 0.738), readmission for cardiac re-intervention (ACI 0.009 CI [0.009 - 0.009] with AC vs 0 CI [NA] without AC;p = 0.340, post-discharge mortality (ACI 0 CI NA with AC vs 0.009 CI [0.001 - 0.046] without AC;p = 0.123, or in the composite outcome (ACI 0.026 CI [0.007 - 0.069] with AC vs 0.027 CI [0.007 - 0.071] without AC;p = 0.824. Conclusion: Cessation of AC in patients with elevated stroke risk following epicardial LAAL during cardiac surgery does not affect stroke rate, mortality, or bleeding incidence up to 30 days post-discharge in this preliminary analysis.

关键词： Arrhythmias Minimally Invasive Surgery Perioperative Care

eGFR and HeR2 expression in advanced biliary tract cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第36期15卷 4511-4517页

作者： Jan Harder Oliver Waiz Florian Otto Michael Geissler Manfred Olschewski brigitte Weinhold Hubert e Blum Annette Schmitt-Graeff Oliver G Opitz Department of MedicineⅡ University Medical CenterD-79106 Freiburg Germany Tumorzentrum Ludwig Heilmeyer- Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg D-79106 Freiburg Germany Tumorzentrum ZeTuP St.GallenSwitzerland and Department of MedicineⅠUniversity Medical Center D-79106 FreiburgGermany Department of Medicine Gastroenterology and OncologyMunicipal Hospital EsslingenGermany Department of Medical Biometry und Statistics University of FreiburgD-79106 FreiburgGermany Annette Schmitt-Graeff Institute of PathologyUniversity Medical CenterD-79106 Freiburg Germany

AIM:To analyze the pathogenetic role and potential clinical usefulness of the epidermal growth factor receptor(eGFR)and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HeR2)in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer(BTC). MeTHODS:eGFR and HeR2 expression was studied in biopsy samples from 124 patients(51%women; median age 64.8 years),with advanced BTC diagnosed between 1997 and *** micrometers sections of paraffin embedded tissue were examined by standard, FDA approved *** with scores of 2+or 3+for HeR2 expression on immunochemistry were additionally tested for HeR2 gene amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridisation(FISH).ReSULTS:34/124 patients(27.4%)had gallbladder cancer,47(37.9%)had intrahepatic BTC and 43(34.7%)had extrahepatic or perihilar *** expression was examined in a subset of 56 samples. eGFR expression was absent in 22/56 tumors(39.3%). Of the remaining samples expression was scored as 1+in 12(21.5%),2+in 13(23.2%)and 3+in 9(16%), ***2 expression was as follows:score 0 73/124(58.8%),score 1+27/124(21.8%),score 2+ 21/124(17%)and score 3+4/124(3.2%).HeR2 gene amplification was present in 6/124,resulting in an overall amplification rate of 5%. CONCLUSION:Our data suggest that routine testing and therapeutic targeting of HeR2 does not seem to be useful in patients with BTC,while targeting eGFR may be promising.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Gallbladder cancer Chemotherapy Targeted therapy

A Multi-Wavelength Study of the 3B/X1.2 Flare Observed on 2003 October 26

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2005年第6期5卷 645-664页

作者： Hui Li Jian-Ping Li Cheng Fang brigitte Schmieder Arkadiusz Berlicki Qiu-Sheng Du Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 Department of Astronomy Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 Observatoire de Paris Section de Meudon LESIA i~-9-2195 Meudon Principal CedexFrance Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics University of Oslo Blindern N-0315 Oslo Norway Astronomical Institute of the Wroctaw University ul.Kopernika 11 51-622 Wroctaw Poland

We report results from a multi-wavelength study of the 3B/X1.2 tworibbon disk flare （S15e44）, which was well observed by both ground-based and space-borne instruments. Two pairs of conjugate kernels - K1 and K4, and K2 and K3 - in the Ha images are identified. These kernels are linked by two different systems of eUV loops. K1 and K4 correspond to the two 17 GHz and 34 GHz microwave sources observed by the Nobeyama Radioheliograph （NoRH）, while K2 and K3 have no corresponding microwave sources. Optical spectroscopic observations suggest that all the four kernels are possible precipitating sites of non-thermal electrons. Thus the energy of electron deposited in K2 and K3 should be less than 100keV. Two-dimensional distributions of the full widths at half maximum （FWHM） of the Ha profiles and the line-of-sight （LOS） velocities derived from the Ca n 8542 A profiles indicate that the largest FWHM and LOS velocity tends to be located near the outer edges of Hα kernels, which is consistent with the scenario of current two-ribbon flare models and previous results. When non-thermal electron bombardment is present, the observed Hα and Ca II 8542 A profiles are similar to previous observational and theoretical results, while the He I 10830 A profiles are different from the theoretical ones. This puts some constraints on future theoretical calculation of the He I 10830 A line.

关键词： Sun flares - Sun X-rays - line profiles

Rapid laser synthesis of surfactantless tantalum-based nanomaterials as bifunctional catalysts for direct peroxide–peroxide fuel cells

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SmartMat 2023年第6期4卷 84-97页

作者： Xiaoyong Mo brigitte Bouchet Fabre Nathalie Herlin-Boime edmund C.M.Tse HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Department of ChemistryUniversity of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina NIMBe CEACNRSCEA SaclayUniversitéParis-SaclayGif-sur-YvetteFrance HKU Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation HangzhouChina

efficient and durable electrocatalysts are instrumental in enabling next-generation fuel cell *** present,expensive precious metals are used as state-of-the-art *** this report,cost-effective nanosized tantalum-based alternatives are synthesized for the first time via a green and scalable laser pyrolysis method as bifunctional catalysts for direct peroxide–peroxide fuel *** rapid laser pyrolysis strategy allows for the production of nanoparticles at a laboratory scale of grams per hour,compatible with a detailed exploration of the functional properties of as-synthesized *** varying the precursor ratio between ammonia and tantalum ethanolate,five tantalum-based nanomaterials(TaNOC)are prepared with crystalline phases of Ta_(2)O_(5),Ta_(4)N_(5),Ta_(3)N_(5),and TaN in tunable *** studies in neutral and alkaline conditions demonstrate that Ta_(4)N_(5) is the active component for both H_(2)O_(2) oxidation and *** isotope effect studies show that protons are involved at or before the rate-determining ***-term stability studies indicate that Ta_(3)N_(5) grants surfactant-free TaNOC-enhanced longevity during electrocatalytic *** together,bifunctional TaNOC can act as active and robust electrocatalysts for H_(2)O_(2) reduction and *** pyrolysis is envisioned to produce refractory metal nanomaterials with boosted corrosion resistance for energy catalysis.

关键词： bifunctional catalysis laser pyrolysis peroxide fuel cells tantalum nanomaterials

Decline of semen quality during IVF is not associated with subjective male stress

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第4期16卷 597-601页

作者： Kazem Nouri brigitte Litschauer Michael Sator Denise Tiringer Johannes Ott Katherina Walch Lukas A Hefler Clemens B Tempfer Department of Obstetrics and Gynecolog Department of Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Krankenhaus Barmherzige Schwestern Linz Austria Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany.

The aim of the present study was to assess if semen quality declines during in vitro fertilization （IVF） and whether or not this phenomenon is triggered by chronic male stress. In order to test this hypothesis, we first investigated a retrospective cohort of 155 male IVF patients （testing cohort）. Subsequently, we started a prospective cohort study in men undergoing their first IVF and assessed semen quality and subjective male chronic stress using a validated tool, i.e. the Fertility Problem Inventory （FPI） questionnaire. The association between stress and sperm quality decline measured 4-6weeks before the start of IVF （T1） and at the day of oocyte retrieval （T2） was the primary outcome. Live birth rate, first trimester abortion and rate of poor responders were secondary outcomes. In the testing cohort, mean progressive motility, but not mean sperm density significantly declined. There were 78/154 （51%） men who showed a decline in semen density and 50/154 （32%） men who showed a decline in progressive motility. In the validation cohort, progressive motility declined, whereas, sperm density increased from T1 to T2. Of 78 men, 27 men had increased stress （FPI-score 〉 146）. Sperm density and progressive motility were not significantly different in men with and without stress. However, in the presence of male stress, couples had a higher rate of poor responders, miscarriages and a lower rate of live births. Subjective stress is not associated with a decline in semen quality observed during IVF but may be associated with adverse ore^nancv outcome.

关键词： in vitro fertilization questionnaire semen quality stress