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Baseline survey of pregnant women's knowledge of treatment to prevent mother- to-child human immunodeficiency virus transmission in a resource limited setting

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2008年第3期1卷 65-68页

作者： Stephen Onwere Obioha Okoro bright Chigbu Chuks Kamanu Christian Aluka Paul Feyi-Wa-boso Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Abia State University Teaching HospitalP.M.B.7004AbaAbia StateNigeria

Despite continuing advances in scientific knowledge about treatments to prevent mother-to-child(MTCT)of the human immune deficiency virus(HIV),there is a paucity of data on pregnant women’s knowledge of treatments to prevent MTCT of HIV in Aba,South Eastern *** investigated pregnant women’s knowledge of the availability of treatments to prevent MTCT of HIV in the low resourced setting of Aba town in South Eastern Nigeria.A descriptive study involving 100 consecutive and consenting patients at the antenatal clinic of Abia State University Teaching Hospital(ABSUTH),Aba,South Eastern Nigeria over the period 1st November, 2007 to 30th November,*** a structured questionnaire,the respondents’sociodemographic data were obtained as well as their knowledge of the availability of treatments to prevent mother to child HIV transmission in pregnant women and self-reported data on their having ever tested for *** regarding availability of treatment to prevent mother to child transmission of HIV was good as 95%of the respondents were aware that such treatment was *** that treatment is available to help someone infected by HIV to live longer was also good as 96% of the respondents were aware of the availability of such *** one percent of the respondents had ever tested for *** levels of knowledge regarding the availability of treatment to prevent mother to child HIV transmission and to help someone infected with HIV are ***, utilization of anti-retroviral prophylaxis amongst HIV infected pregnant women in this community would be expected to be high if the drugs were *** will reduce the impact of HIV,especially in children.

关键词： knowledge treatment prevent human immuno-deficiency virus transmission pregnant women

Polymyxin sensitivity/resistance cosmopolitan status,epidemiology and prevalence among O1/O139 and non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae:A meta-analysis

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Infectious Medicine 2023年第4期2卷 283-293页

作者： bright E.Igere Hope Onohuean Declan C.Iwu Etinosa O.Igbinosa Department of Biological Sciences Microbiology UnitDennis Osadebay UniversityAsaba 320242Nigeria Biotechnology and Emerging Environmental Infections Pathogens Research Group(BEEIPREG) Department of Biological SciencesMicrobiology UnitDennis Osadebay UniversityAsaba 320242Nigeria Biopharmaceutics unit Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologySchool of PharmacyKampala International University Ishaka-Bushenyi CampusIshaka-Bushenyi 10101Uganda Department of Microbiology University of PretoriaPretoria 0002South Africa Department of Microbiology Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of BeninBenin 300213Nigeria

Resistance/sensitivity to polymyxin-B(PB)antibiotic has been employed as one among other epidemiologically relevant biotyping-scheme for Vibrio cholerae into Classical/El Tor ***,recent studies have re-vealed some pitfalls bordering on PB-sensitivity/resistance(PBR/S)necessitating *** study assesses the PBR/S cosmopolitan prevalence,epidemiology/distribution among O1/O139 and nonO1/nonO139 *** *** databases(Web of Science,Scopus and PubMed)were searched to retrieve data from environ-mental and clinical samples employing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA).Random-effect-model(REM)and common-effect-model(CEM)of meta-analysis was performed to de-termine prevalence of PBR/S *** strains,describe the cosmopolitan epidemiological potentials and biotype *** was determined by meta-regression and subgroup *** pooled analyzed iso-lates from articles(7290),with sensitive and resistance are 2219(30.44%)and 5028(69.56%).Among these PB-sensitive strains,more than 1944(26.67%)were O1 strains,132(1.81%)were nonO1 strains while mis-reported Classical biotype were 2080(28.53)respectively indicating potential spread of variant/dual biotype.A significant PB-resistance was observed in the models(CEM=0.66,95%CI[0.65;0.68],p-value=0.001;REM=0.83[0.74;0.90],p=0.001)as both models had a high level of heterogeneity(I^(2)=98.0%;^(2)_(df=33)=1755.09,Qp=2.4932).Egger test(z=5.4017,p<0.0001)reveal publication bias by funnel plot *** subgroup analysis for continents(Asia,Africa)and sources(acute diarrhea)revealed(98%CI(0.73;0.93);55%CI(0.20;0.86)),and 92%CI(0.67;0.98).The Epidemiological prevalence for El tor/variant/dual biotype showed 88%CI(0.78;0.94)with O1 strains at 88%CI(0.78;0.94).Such global prevalence,distribution/spread of phenotypes/genotypes ne-cessitates updating the decades-long biotype classification *** antibiotic stewardship in the post antibiot

关键词： Biotyping scheme Environmental nonO1/nonO139 V.cholerae Clinical O1/O139 V.cholerae PB-sensitive/PB-resistant strains Global epidemiological relevance Polymyxin B

Trend Analysis of Exchange Rate of the Ghana Cedi against the US Dollar Using Time Series

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Open Journal of Statistics 2023年第5期13卷 734-745页

作者： Francis Ayiah-Mensah Prince Arthur-Nunoo Joseph Acquah John awuah Addor Department of Mathematics Statistics and Actuarial Science Faculty of Applied Sciences Takoradi Technical University Takoradi Ghana Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Mines and Technology Tarkwa Ghana

Exchange rate volatility or its stability is a key determinant of the state of a country’s economy. The Ghana cedi’s performance against the US dollar in recent times has been the worse in the past decade. This has resulted in high inflation, high cost of living and high cost of production in Ghana. Despite the recent economic recovery growth, the cedi continues to strife in high rate of exchange against the dollar. This study examines and models a trend, and makes predictions of future rates of the cedis against the US dollar. Methodology: The study used a 13-year data of exchange rates of Ghana cedi and the US dollar spanning from 2010 to mid-2023 from the Bank of Ghana’s economic data on exchange rates, Ghana Stock Exchange and the World Bank. The ARIMA and SARIMA models were used to model the trends and for forecasting, taking into the consideration the asymmetric and seasonal effect of the data. Results: The outputs show that, the Ghana cedi will continue to rise but steadily against the US dollar for the remaining months of 2023 except in December, and continue to decline afterwards through into 2024. Conclusion: The cedi continues to weaken in value and the strength of its purchasing power. A weaker currency depicts a “junk” economy which affects its foreign investment. As the US dollar continues to rise, the Government and policy makers must implement effective policies to stabilize its rise against the cedi. Export of commodities must increase in addition to import restrictions to balance trade deficit and to strengthen the Ghana Cedi.

关键词： Ghana Cedi US Dollar Ghana Stock Exchange Inflation Exchange Rates

The Potential of Subsurface Infiltration for the Treatment of Biofil Toilet Technology Effluent

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Management Studies 2015年第6期3卷 281-299页

作者： Peter Owusu-Antwi Richard Buamah Helen Essandoh Esi awuah Kweku Akuam Anno Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology Kumasi GhanaAdane Sewhunegn MollaHawassa University Hawassa Ethiopia University of Energy & Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Biological Filters & Composters Limited (BIOFILCOM) Accra Ghana

Generally discharges from on-site sanitation （OSS） system could be a source of pollution to the environment if not well managed. This work illustrates the potential of subsurface infiltration to treat secondary effluent from a novel on-site vermi-biofiltration system called the Biofil Toilet Technology （BTT）. In practice, the BTT effluent is discharged via sub-surface infiltration. The focus of the research was to determine possible contaminant removal within the first 1.5 m depth of soil column. To achieve this objective, laboratory scale soil columns were designed and constructed for the treatment of secondary domestic wastewater from the BTT. Four different soil columns, each with 1.5 m depth of soil （sandy soil--SS, loamy soil--LS, clayey soil----CS, and red laterite soil--RLS） and fifth column with 0.45 m multi-layer sand filter were constructed and characterized. The columns were fed with the BTT effluent and sampled at ports spaced at 0.3 m, 0.8 m, and 1.5 m depths. Using the samples, parameters like COD, BODs, TSS, T-N, NO3-N, NO2-N, PO4-P, and pathogenic indicator microbes were monitored. RLS and SS columns efficiently removed COD, BODs, and TSS from the BTT effluent below the Ghana Environmental Protection Agency （GH EPA） guideline values. Up to 99% COD removal were observed in RLS column. A two to five log pathogen removal was recorded for the soil columns. The RLS and SS were found to have a high efficacy for contaminant removal with up to 80% of all contaminants being removed at a depth of 0.3 m along the soil columns. Thus the subsurface infiltration system can serve as a promising technology for the BTT effluent treatment. The study recommends the incorporation of infiltration systems to the BTT especially for areas with high water table or clayey soils.

关键词： Biofil on-site blackwater infiltration vermicomposting toilet soil eudrilus euginae

人力资源的效率——HDFC银行使用全面的人力资源解决方案来应对不断变化的资源需求

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银行家 2004年第3期 157-158页

作者： MARTA bright 《盈利》杂志专职撰稿人

在刚刚萌芽的新兴市场中能够迅速发展应该是一件可喜可贺的事情,除非这个迅速发展的机构不能跟上日益加大的劳动力需求步伐,也不能简化对多个数据库的管理。位于印度孟买的HDFC银行就是一家做得非常出色的企业。最初,HDFC银行只是企业... 详细信息

在刚刚萌芽的新兴市场中能够迅速发展应该是一件可喜可贺的事情,除非这个迅速发展的机构不能跟上日益加大的劳动力需求步伐,也不能简化对多个数据库的管理。位于印度孟买的HDFC银行就是一家做得非常出色的企业。最初,HDFC银行只是企业市场领域中的一家主要银行,它于1995年开始进军零售市场。如今,这家银行每天

关键词：银行 OFC 企业金融机构企业管理人力资源 HDFC

安享退休生活——ORACLE与SYSDE合作,让退休人员高枕无忧

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银行家 2004年第3期 171-172页

作者： MARTA bright 《盈利》杂志专职撰稿人

位于哥斯达黎加的SYSDE国际公司成立于1991年,由于它及时敏锐地投身于金融解决方案的模块系统开发,所以很快就成为拉丁美洲几个领先的金融服务应用软件供应商之一。今天,SYSDE不仅获得了全球养老基金管理公司金融市场25％的份额,而且还... 详细信息

位于哥斯达黎加的SYSDE国际公司成立于1991年,由于它及时敏锐地投身于金融解决方案的模块系统开发,所以很快就成为拉丁美洲几个领先的金融服务应用软件供应商之一。今天,SYSDE不仅获得了全球养老基金管理公司金融市场25％的份额,而且还不断地将服务扩展到哥斯达黎加、墨西哥、厄瓜多尔、萨尔瓦多、韩国、波兰和非洲的金融

关键词：退休生活养老金管理公司 ORACLE SYSDE Oracle

资本优势——ORACLE金融服务应用程序帮助西太平洋银行保持其运作效率方面的优势

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银行家 2004年第3期 163-164页

作者： MARTA bright 《盈利》杂志撰稿人

银行业的风险管理规则在新巴塞尔协议中有了相当大的改变。新巴塞尔协议以及越来越激烈的竞争给澳大利亚历史最悠久、最大的银行企业——西太平洋银行公司(Westpac Banking Corporation)带来了许多挑战。而Oracle金融服务解决方案正帮... 详细信息

银行业的风险管理规则在新巴塞尔协议中有了相当大的改变。新巴塞尔协议以及越来越激烈的竞争给澳大利亚历史最悠久、最大的银行企业——西太平洋银行公司(Westpac Banking Corporation)带来了许多挑战。而Oracle金融服务解决方案正帮助西太平洋银行应对这些挑战。

关键词：西太平洋银行利率风险管理资本 ORACLE 金融财政金融应用程序应用软件

Poisson Process Modeling of Pure Jump Equities on the Ghana Stock Exchange

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2022年第10期10卷 3101-3120页

作者： Osei Antwi Kyere bright Martinu Issa Mathematics & Statistics Department Accra Technical University Accra Ghana Accountancy Department Accra Technical University Accra Ghana Research Department Fair Wages & Salaries Commission Accra Ghana

Although Geometric Brownian Motion and Jump Diffusion Models have largely dominated the literature on asset price modeling, studies of the empirical stock price data on the Ghana Stock Exchange have led to the conclusion that there are some stocks in which the return processes consistently depart from these models in theory as well as in its statistical properties. This paper gives a fundamental review of the development of a stock price model based on pure jump processes to capture the unique behavior exhibited by some stocks on the Exchange. Although pure jump processes have been examined thoroughly by other authors, there is a lack of mathematical clarity in terms of deriving the underlying stock price process. This paper provides a link between stock prices existing on a measure space to its development as a pure jump Levy process. We test the suitability of the model to the empirical evidence using numerical procedures. The simulation results show that the trajectories of the model are a better fit for the empirical data than those produced by the diffusion and jump diffusion models.

关键词： Poisson Process Pure Jump Process Compound Poisson Process Jump Diffusion

Agriculture Technology as a Tool to Influence Youth Farming in Ghana

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2021年第8期11卷 885-898页

作者： Benjamin Danso kwakye Robert Brenya Derrick Acquanah Cudjoe Agyemang Kwasi Sampene Fredrick Oteng Agyeman School of Management University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China College of Economics and Management Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China School of Economics and Management Southeast University Nanjing China Department of Management Sciences & Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China School of Management Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China

The extent of engagement of the youth going into farming is steadily seen as the modern-day panacea for sustainability and extenuation of food insecurity. Yet, this plodding-shift of the youth has opened new doors for a different problem that needs efficient agricultural resolution. The study examines the correlation between youth farming and the various factors that influence the youth to go into agriculture using data obtained from the Ghanaian youth. We applied Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) of the paradigms, with principal component factoring. The results justified using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in AMOS and R. The results showed that technology outperforms factors such as motivation, economics, and government policies to significantly influence the youth towards farming. Attitude and knowledge were also found to have an indirect influence on youth farming. The paper contributes to the theoretical influence of technology on the youth and on the practicality of agricultural farming.

关键词： Agriculture Explanatory Factor Analysis Structural Equation Modeling Technology Youth Farming