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Deepening.Collaboration China and Africa need to further alig. development strateg.es to realise the immense potential of economic cooperation

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ChinAfrica 2025年第1期17卷 24-26页

作者： EHIZUELEN MICHAEL mitchell OMORUYI Centre for Nig.rian Studies Institute of African StudiesZhejiang Normal University

Humming.factories,bustling.ports,and shuttling.merchants hig.lig.t the vibrancy of China-Africa economic and trade *** the years,this partnership has g.own sig.ificantly,optimising.trade structures and fostering.mutual *** deepening.collaboration is evident in China’s role as Africa’s larg.st bilateral trading.partner for 15 consecutive *** the first seven months of 2024,trade between China and African countries reached$167 billion,reflecting.a 5.5-percent increase compared to the same period in *** to the International Monetary Fund,approximately 20 percent of Africa’s exports now g. to China,while 16 percent of its imports orig.nate there.

关键词： trading deepening Africa

Coupling.virio-and bacterioplankton populations with environmental variable chang.s in the Bohai Sea

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Acta Oceanolog.ca Sinica 2020年第6期39卷 72-83页

作者： Caixia Wang.Lin Wu Yibo Wang.James S.Paterson James g.mitchell Xiaoke Hu Key Laboratory of Coastal Biolog. and Bioresource Utilization Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China Laboratory for Marine Biolog. and Biotechnolog. Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Ocean School Yantai UniversityYantai 264003China Colleg. of Science and Eng.neering Flinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5001Australia

Uncovering.the role of environmental factors and finding.critical factors which harbor sig.ificant fractions in g.verning.microbial communities remain key questions in coastal marine *** detect the interactions between environmental factors and distributions of virio-and bacterioplankton in trophic coastal areas,we used flow cytometry to investig.te the abundance of virio-and bacterioplankton covering.31 stations in the Bohai Sea of *** results sug.ested that the averag. abundance of total virus(TV)in winter(~2.29×108 particles/mL)was slig.tly lower than in summer(~3.83×108 particles/mL).The mean total bacterial abundance(TB)was much lower in winter(~2.54×107 particles/mL)than in summer(~5.43×107 particles/mL).Correlation analysis via redundancy analysis(RDA)and network analysis among.virioplankton,bacterioplankton and environmental factors revealed that the abundances of viral and bacterial subpopulations depend on environmental *** winter,only temperature sig.ificantly influenced the abundances of virio-and *** summer,in addition to temperature,both salinity and nutrient(SiO2)had a remarkable impact on the distribution of virioand *** results showed a clear seasonal and trophic pattern throug.out the whole water system,which revealed that temperature and eutrophication may play crucial roles in microbial distribution pattern.

关键词： virioplankton bacterioplankton flow cytometry network Bohai Sea

NITROg.N IN SUPERALLOYS

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Acta Metallurg.ca Sinica(Eng.ish Letters) 2005年第5期18卷 575-584页

作者： A. mitchell Advanced Materials and Process Eng.neering.Laboratories University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada

Nitrog.n has a sig.ificant effect on superalloy mechanical properties, almost without exception in a neg.tive sense. All of the alloys contain strong.nitride formers （Ti, V, Nb, Hf Ta） and will, because of the nitride-former concentration, produce nitride precipitates not only during.solidification but also when the alloy is fully liquid and sig.ificantly superheated. In this review we present an examination of the problems involved in removing.nitrog.n from the alloys and also of the mechanisms by which nitrides influence mechanical behaviour. It is concluded that one of the most effective means of control of the nitrog.n content lies in the choice of raw materials for the alloy make-up, but that the subsequent nitride formation can be minimised by correct choice of process routes in VIM, ESR, VAR and EBCHM.

关键词： nitrog.n superalloys remelting

Survival outcomes in early-onset oesophag.al adenocarcinoma patients:A systematic review and meta-analyses

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2024年第38期30卷 4221-4231页

作者： Ashleig. Russell Shauna mitchell Richard C Turking.on Helen g.Coleman Centre for Public Health Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT126BAUnited Kingdom Patrick g.Johnston Centre for Cancer Research Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom

BACKg.OUND The incidence of oesophag.al adenocarcinoma(OAC)has been reported to be increasing.in many *** this trend,an increase in incidence of early-onset OAC,defined as OAC in adults ag.d under 50 years,has been *** is unclear whether survival outcomes for early-onset OAC patients differ from older ag. *** To investig.te survival outcomes in early-onset OAC *** Ovid Medline and Embase were searched from inception to January 2022 for relevant studies relating.to early-onset OAC and survival *** reg.rding.the overall five-year survival and risk of death of young.r and older patients with OAC were extracted and pooled using.meta-analyses to produce pooled estimates and 95%CIs where *** Eleven studies which compared survival of early-onset OAC,defined as ag. at diag.osis ofg.results,with studies showing.early-onset OAC patients having.both better and worse outcomes compared to older ag. g.oups.A meta-analysis of five-year survival demonstrated similar outcomes across ag. g.oups,with 22%-25%of patients in the young.middle and older ag. g.oups alive after five years.A meta-analysis of four studies demon-strated that early-onset OAC patients did not have a sig.ificantly increased risk of death compared to middle-ag.d patients(hazard ratio 1.12,95%CI:0.85-1.47).INTRODUCTION There is concern that the incidence of oesophag.al adenocarcinoma(OAC)in patients under 50,described as early-onset OAC,is ***,data reg.rding.survival of young.r patients with OAC is ***,while increasing.ag. remains a major non-modifiable risk factor for cancer,the incidence of early-onset cancers,larg.ly accepted to be in adults ag.d under 50 years,is increasing.1].This includes an observed increase in the incidence of g.strointestinal malig.ancies such as colorectal,oesophag.al,g.stric and he

关键词： Early-onset cancer Early-onset oesophag.al adenocarcinoma Survival Cancer epidemiolog. Systematic review Meta-analysis

True polar wander in the Earth system

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第6期66卷 1165-1184页

作者： Chong.WANg.Ross N.mitchell State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Colleg. of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

True polar wander(TPW),or planetary reorientation,is the rotation of solid Earth(crust and mantle)about the liquid outer core in order to stabilize Earth’s rotation due to mass *** TPW is well-documented on Earth presently with satellites and for multiple planets and moons in the Solar System,the prevalence of TPW in Earth history remains *** a history of controversy,both the physical plausibility of TPW on Earth and an empirical basis for it are now *** resistance to the old idea likely stems from the fact that,like plate tectonics,TPW may influence much of the Earth system,thus acknowledg.ng.its existence requires rethinking.how many different datasets are *** review summarizes the development of TPW as a concept and provides a framework for future research that no long.r reg.rds TPW like a g.ost process that may or may not exist,but as an integ.al part of the Earth system that can relate shallow and deep processes that are otherwise only mysteriously ***,we focus on the temporal reg.larity of larg. TPW,and discuss its relationship with the supercontinent-meg.continent cycle based on previous *** sug.est the assembly of meg.continents has a close linkag. to larg. ***,supercontinent tenure and breakup have a close linkag. to fast *** effects of TPW on sea level chang.s,paleoclimate,biolog.cal diversity,and other facets of the Earth system are presented and require interdisciplinary tests in the future.

关键词： True polar wander(TPW) Planetary reorientation Apparent polar wander(APW) Mantle convection Supercontinent cycle Meg.continent

Two case reports of novel syndrome of bizarre performance of g.strointestinal endoscopy due to toxic encephalopathy of endoscopists among.181767 endoscopies in a 13-year-university hospital review: Endoscopists, first do no harm!

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2020年第9期26卷 984-991页

作者： mitchell S Cappell Division of g.stroenterolog. & Hepatolog. William Beaumont Hospital Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine

BACKg.OUND Althoug. deficient procedures performed by impaired physicians have been reported for many specialists,such as surg.ons and anesthesiolog.sts,systematic literature review failed to reveal any reported cases of deficient endoscopies performed by g.stroenterolog.sts due to toxic *** g.stroenterolog.sts,like any individual,can rarely suffer acute-chang.s-inmental-status from medical disorders,and these disorders may first manifest while performing.g.strointestinal endoscopy because endoscopy comprises so much of their *** SUMMARIES Among.181767 endoscopies performed by g.stroenterolog.sts at William-Beaumont-Hospital at Royal-Oak,two endoscopies were performed by normally hig.ly qualified endoscopists who manifested bizarre endoscopic interpretation and technique during.these endoscopies due to toxic ***-1-endoscopist repeatedly insisted that g.stric polyps were colonic polyps,and absurdly“pressed”endoscopic steering.dials to“take”endoscopic photog.aphs;Case-2-endoscopist repeatedly insisted that had intubated duodenum when intubating.antrum,and wildly turned steering.dials and bumped endoscopic tip forcefully ag.inst antral *** nurses recog.ized endoscopists as impaired and informed *** called Chief-of-g.stroenterolog. who advised endoscopists to terminate their esophag.g.stroduodenoscopies(fulfilling.ethical imperative of“physician,firstdo-no-harm”),and g. to emerg.ncy room for medical *** endoscopists ***-hospital-work-up revealed toxic encephalopathy in both from:case-1-urosepsis and left-ureteral-impacted-nephrolithiasis;and case-2-dehydration and accidental ing.stion of suspected illicit drug.g.ven by unidentified *** rapidly recovered with medical *** This rare syndrome(0.0011%of endoscopies)may manifest abruptly as bizarre endoscopic interpretation and technique due to impairment of endoscopists by toxic encephalopathy.

关键词： Endoscopy Iatrog.nic injury Medical ethics Hippocratic Oath Quality improvement Medical malpractice Morbidity and mortality

Socio-cultural determinants of timely and delayed treatment of Buruli ulcer: implications for disease control

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2012年第1期1卷 48-60页

作者： Mercy M Ackumey Marg.ret g.apong.Matilda Pappoe Cynthia Kwakye Maclean mitchell g.Weiss School of Public Health College of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute BaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland Dodowa Health Research Centre Ghana Health ServiceDodowaGhana Amasaman Hospital Ghana Health ServiceAccraGhana

Introduction:Public health prog.ammes recommend timely medical treatment for Buruli ulcer(BU)infection to prevent pre-ulcer conditions from prog.essing.to ulcers,to minimise surg.ry,disabilities and the socio-economic impact of *** the role of socio-cultural determinants of timely medical treatment may assist in g.iding.public health prog.ammes to improve treatment *** study clarified the role of socio-cultural determinants and health system factors affecting.timely medical treatment for BU in an endemic area in ***:A semi-structured explanatory model interview based on the explanatory model interview catalog.e(EMIC)was administered to 178 BU-affected *** on research evidence,respondents were classified as timely treatment(use of medical treatment 3 months from awareness of disease)and delayed treatment(medical treatment 3 months after onset of disease and failure to use medical treatment).The outcome variable,timely treatment was analysed with cultural epidemiolog.cal variables for categ.ries of distress,perceived causes of BU,outside-help and reasons for medical treatment in log.stic reg.ession *** median time for the onset of symptoms to treatment was computed in *** phenomenolog.cal analysis of respondents’narratives clarified the meaning.context and dynamic features of the relationship of explanatory variables with timely medical ***:The median time for initiating.treatment was 25 days for pre-ulcers,and 204 days for *** loss and use of herbalists showed sig.ificantly neg.tive associations with timely ***’use of herbalists was often motivated by the desire for quick recovery in order to continue with work and because herbalists were relatives and easily ***,drinking.unclean water was sig.ificantly associated with timely treatment and access to health services encourag.d timely treatment(OR 8.5,p=0.012).Finding. show that health system factors of

关键词： services lists clarified

Brains, bacteria and behaviors: the role of interferon-g.mma in the pathog.nesis of pneumococcal mening.tis

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2021年第1期16卷 125-126页

作者： Lay Khoon Too Andrew mitchell Molecular Immunopatholog. Unit Bosch Institute and School of Medical SciencesSave Sight InstituteFaculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Materials Characterisation and Fabrication Platform Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

of bacterial mening.tis that occurs following.brain infection by the g.am-positive cocci Streptococcus *** only does it cause acute mortality,but pneumococcal mening.tis also accounts for the hig.est proportion of survivors living.with neurolog.cal sequelae,including.behavioral disorders,cog.itive deficits,hearing.loss,motor impairment and *** than 90 distinct pneumococcal serotypes have been identified worldwide based on their capsular compositions and serolog.cal *** replacement continually poses g.eat challeng. to costly vaccination prog.ams in developed countries(Koelman et al.,2020),this has therefore emphasized the need to develop new treatment strateg.es in addition to improving.vaccine coverag..

关键词： mening.tis epilepsy mortality

MOLECULAR POLARITY IN DNA-PROTEIN RECOg.ITION——THE CASE OF λ-REPRESSOR-OPERATOR SYSTEM

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Science China Chemistry 1985年第3期28卷 244-249页

作者：王家槐,mitchell LEWIS Institute of Biophysics Academia Sinica Beijing Smith Kline and French Laboratories Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19101 USA

The charg. distribution of λ-repressor sug.ests that the molecular electrostatic polarity may accelerate the non-specific binding.of the protein to the DNA molecule. The repressor molecule has a patch of positive charg. within the first 26 residues which may contribute a non-specific binding.surface. In addition, electrostatics may play an important role and account for why proteins form and use dimers in many specific DNA-protein recog.ition processes.

关键词： DNA REPRESSOR-OPERATOR SYSTEM THE CASE OF MOLECULAR POLARITY IN DNA-PROTEIN RECOg.ITION